The document provides details about an innovative teaching manual for a class on earthquakes. It outlines the learning objectives which include helping students understand what an earthquake is, examples of earthquakes in India, the different types of seismic waves, how earthquakes can be measured, factors that cause earthquakes, and how students can analyze and discuss earthquake impacts. It describes the key terms, facts, and concepts related to earthquakes. It also outlines the classroom teaching procedure involving an introduction, discussion, activities, and assessment to help students learn about earthquakes and seismic wave properties in an engaging manner.

1. INNOVATIVE TEACHING MANUAL
Name of the Student Teacher : Chithra.R Standard : IX
Name of the school : Govt.HSS, Balaramapuram Division :
Subject : tkmjy¬ kb≥kv Duration : 45 Min
Unit : ap-jy≥ B{i-bn-°p∂ `qan Strength :
Sub Unit : `qIºw Date :
CURRICULAR STATEMENT
N¿®,- n-co-£Ww F∂n-h-bn-eqsS `qI-º-Øn-s-Ip-dn®pw AXns‚ Imc-W-ß-sf-Ip-dn®pw A≤ym]nI Ip´n-Iƒ°v
Ah-t_m[w ¬Ip-∂p.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
1. `qIºw F¥m-sWv Ip´n And-bp-∂- Xnv
2. C¥ybnep≠mb `qIº- ß- s- fI- pd- n®v Adn-bp∂- - Xnv
3. `qIºXcwK- ß- f- psS khnt- ij- X Ip´n a - ne- m°- p∂- - Xnv
4. `qIºw Fßs Hcp ]cn[nhsc XSbmw F∂-Xns ]‰n-bp-ff Hcp Ah-t_m[w Ip´n°v ¬Ip-∂Xnv
5. `qIºw D≠mI- p∂- - Xn- pf- f ImcW- ß- s- f]- ‰n Ip´n a - ne- m°- p∂X- - nv
6. `qIºw hgn D≠m-Ip∂ mi--jvS-ß-sfIpdn®v Ip´n hni-I-ew sNøp-∂- Xnv
7. `qIºw D≠mIp∂ ImcWßsf°pdn®v Ip´n hnebncpØp∂Xnv

2. CONTENT ANALYSIS
Terms `qI-ºw, t^m°-kv,- tI-{μw, Du¿÷w, FΠn-sk‚¿, `pPv, dnIvS¿ kvsIbn¬,- kn-‘v, `q{]-X-ew,
t_mUn-th-hvkv, kokvtam-{Km-^v, {]X-e-X-cwKw
Date 2001 Pp-hcn 26
Facts 1 `qan-bnse Df-f-d-bnse {]h¿Ø--Øns‚ ^e-ambn Nne `mK-ß-fn¬ Du¿÷w kw`-cn-°-sΠ-Sp-∂p.
2 kw`cn°sΠSp∂ Du¿÷w kzmX-{¥y-am-°-sΠ-Sp-tºm-gmWv `qNew Ap-`-h-sΠ-Sp∂-Xv.
3 `qI-º-Øns‚ {]`-h-tI{μw t^m°kv F-∂dn-b-sΠ-Sp∂-p.
4 t^m°-knp t¿ap-I-en-em-bp-ff `utam-]-cn-X-e-`m-K-amWv FΠn-sk‚¿
5 `qI-º-tI-{μ-Øn¬ kzX-{¥-am-°-sΠ-Sp∂ Du¿÷w Xcw-K-cq-]-Øn-emWv k©-cn-°p∂-Xv
6 Cu Du¿÷w `q{]-X-e-Øn¬ Ne--߃°v CS-bm-hp-Ibpw mi--jvS-߃°v Imc-W-am-hp-Ibpw
sNøp∂-p.
7 {]mY-anI Xcw-K-߃ Jcm-h-ÿ-bn-eqsS hfsc thK-X-bnepw {Zmh-I-ß-fn-eqsS thKX Ipd™pw
k©-cn-°p∂-p.
8 ZznXob Xcw-K-߃ Jc-h-kvXp-°-fn¬°qSn am{Xta k©-cn-°p-I-bp-ffq.
9 {]mYa- nI- X- c- wK- ß- ƒ°v tija- mWv ZznXob- X- c- wK- ß- ƒ FΠns- k‚d- n¬ FØn tNcp∂- - Xv.
10 {]mY-an-I-X-cw-K-ßfpw ZznXo-b-X-cw-K-ßfpw `qan-bpsS Df-f-d-bn-tebv°v ISp k©-cn-°p-∂- Xn-m¬
CXns t_mUn-thhvkv F∂-dn-b-sΠ-Sp∂-p
11 ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS km{μ-X-bnse hyXym-k-߃°-p-k-cn®v Cu Xcw-K-ß-epsS thK-X-bn¬ G‰-°p-d-
®n¬ D≠m-Ip∂-p.
12 `qI-º-X-cw-K-ß-fpsS Xo{hX Af-°m-p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ D]-I-c-W-amWv kokvtam-{Km^v

3. 13 `qI-º-X-cw-K-ß-fpsS Xo{hX Af-°m-p-]-tbm-Kn-°p dnIvS¿ kvsIbn¬ F∂ Af-hp-tIm¬ D]-tbm-
Kn-®m-Wv.
14 2001 Pp-hcn 26 v KpP-dm-Ønse `pPnp kao]w D≠mb `qIºw AtIw mijvS-߃ hnX-bv°
p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
15 dnIvS¿ kvsIbn¬ 7.7 Afh- mb- nc- p∂p `qIº- Ø- np D≠mb- nc- p∂- - Xv.
16 a≤y{]tZiv, almcmjv{S, cmPÿm≥ F∂o kwÿmßfnepw ]mSvbnse kn‘v
{]hniybnepw Cu `qIºw mijvS߃ hcpØnbn´p≠v.
17 C¥ym D]Zzo]nb taJebn¬ Ap`hsΠ´ G‰hpw i‡amb `qIºamWv Cu `qIºw.
18 GItZiw 85 sk°‚ v Cu `qIºw o≠pn∂mbncp∂p.
19 I®ns‚ Ing°v {]tZiØmWv G‰hpw IqSpX¬ miw Ap`hsΠ´Xv.
20 AlΩZm_mZnsebpw kqd‰nsebpw _lpne sI´nS߃ XI¿Sn™XmWv acWkwJy
h¿≤n°m≥ ImcWambXv.
Concept `qanbpsS D≈dbnse Nne {]h¿ØßfpsS ^eambn Du¿÷w kw`cn°sΠSpIbpw, Cu Du¿÷w
Nne kμ¿`ßfn¬ kzX{¥yam°sΠSpIbpw sNøp∂p. X≥aqew `qNew D≠mIp∂p. Cu
{]Xn`mksØbmWv `qIºw F∂p ]dbp∂Xv.
Pre-
Requisites `qIºsØ°pdn®v Ip´n°v tI´dnhp≠v.
Teaching `qIºØns‚bpw AXns‚ ^eambp≠mb mijvSßfpsSbpw Nn{XßfSßnb sImfmjv, `qIºw
Learning F¥msWgpXnb Hcp π°m¿Uv, `qIºØns‚ hoUntbm, `qIºsØ kw_‘n°p∂ ]{X°pdnΠv
Resources

4. CLASSROOM INTERACTION PROCEDURE PUPILS RESPONSE
Hu]NmcnI kw`mjWØnptijw A[ym]nI ¢mkv Bcw`n°p∂p.
Introduction
`qIºØns°pdn®p≈ Hcp ]{X°pdnΠv A[ym]nI ¢mkn¬ hmbn®psIm≠v
]mT`mKtØbv°v IS°p∂p.
Ip´nIƒ {i≤m]q¿Δw
tIƒ°p∂p
]TIpdnΠv hmbn®Xnptijw A[ym]nI Ipd®v tNmZy߃ Ip´nItfmSv
tNmZn°p∂p.
N¿®mkqNIw
Cu ]{X°pdnΠn¬ n∂v n߃°v F¥mWv a nembXv?
F¥ns kw_‘n°p∂ ]{X°pdnΠmWv
ChnsS hmbn®Xv?
Ip´nIƒ N¿®
sNbvXv FgpXp∂p

5. t{ImUoIcWw
A¥amn¬ kw`hn® `qIºØns°pdn®p≈ ]{XdntΠm¿´mWv hmbn®Xv.
dnIvS¿ kvsIbnen¬ 7.6 F∂ Xo{hXbnemWv `qIºw tcJsΠSpØnbXv.
t]m¿´v _vsfbdnv 260In.-ao. ZqscbmWv `qIºØns‚ {]`htI{μw
At∂ Znhkw PΠmnepw `qIºap≠mbncp∂p.
Activity I
`qIºw D≠mIp∂Xv Fßssb∂pw AXns‚ ImcW߃ ImWn®psIm≠p
ap≈ Hcp hoUntbm em]vtSmΠns‚ klmbtØmsS A[ym]nI Ip´nIƒ°v
ImWn®psImSp°p∂p.
Ip´nIƒ {i≤tbmsS
tIƒ°p∂p
Ip´nIƒ {i≤tbmsS
nco£n°p∂p

6. CXns‚ ASnÿmØn¬ A[ym]nI hnZym¿∞nItfmSv Nne tNmZy߃ tNmZn°p∂p.
NˬmkqNIw
Cu hoUntbmbn n¶v n§Ä¡v F´mWv
aÊnembXv?
`qI¼w D-mIp¶Xv F§sbmWv?
t{ImUoIcWw
`qanbpsS D≈dbnse {]h¿Ø߃ Nne `mKßfn¬ Du¿÷w kw`cn°sΠSp∂Xnv
ImcWamIp∂p
Cu Du¿÷w kzX{¥am°sΠSptºmgmWv `qNew D≠mIp∂Xv
`qIºØns‚ {]`htI{μw t^m°kv F∂dnbsΠSp∂p.
t^m°knp t¿apIfnembp≈ `utam]cnXe`mKamWv FΠnsk‚¿ F∂dnbsΠSp∂Xv
`qIºtI{μØn¬ n∂v kzX{¥am°sΠSp∂ Du¿÷w XcwKcq]Øn¬
k©cn°pIbpw Ch `q{]XeØn¬ Ne߃°nSbm°pIbpw mijvS߃°v
ImcWamhpIbpw sNøp∂p.
Ip´nIƒ N¿®
sNøp∂p
Ip´nIƒ
{i≤m]q¿Δw
tIƒ°p∂p

7. Activity II
`qIºXcwKßfpsS khntijX Hcp Im¿Uns‚ klmbtØmSpIqSn A[ym]nI
Ip´nIƒ°v ImWn®p sImSp°p∂p.
`qIºXcwKßfpsS khntijX
{]mYanI XcwK߃ JcmhÿbneqsS hfsc thKØn¬ k©cn°p∂p
ZznXobXcwK߃ JcmhÿbneqsS am{Xw k©cn°p∂p
Cu c≠p XcwKßfpsS `qanbpsS D≈dbntebv°v k©cn°p∂p
km{μXbv°pkcn®v thKØn¬ hyXymkw D≠mIp∂p
{]XeXcwKßfmWv `q{]XeØn¬ miw hnXbv°p∂Xv
Ip´nIƒ Im¿Uv hmbn®Xnptijw A[ym]nIbpsS tNmZy߃°v adp]Sn ]dbp∂p
NˬmkqNIw
`qI¼XcwK§fpsS khntijXIÄ Fs´Ãmw?
t_mUnthhvkv F¶mse´v?
`q{]Xe¯n miw hnXbv¡p¶Xv GXv
XcwK§fmWv?
Ip´nIƒ
{i≤-tbmsS
nco-£n-°p∂p
Ip´nIƒ N¿®
sNøp∂p

8. t{ImUoIcWw
{]mYanIXcwK߃ JcmhÿIfneqsS hfsc thKØnepw {ZmhIßfneqsS
thKX Ipd™Xpw k©cn°p∂p.
{]mYanIXcwKßfmWv t^m°kn¬ n∂pw FΠnsk‚dn¬ BZyambn FØnt®cp∂Xv
ZznXobXcwK߃ JchkvXp°fn¬ IqSn am{Xta k©cn°pIbp≈q.
Cu c≠p XcwKßfpw `qanbpsS D≈dIfntebv°v k©cn°p∂p.
CXns t_mUnthhvkv F∂dnbsΠSp∂p.
]Zm¿∞ßfpsS km{μXbnep≈ hyXymk߃°pkcn®v XcwKßfpsS
thKXbnepw G‰°pd®n¬ D≠mIp∂p.
{]XeXcwKßfmWv G‰hpw Ahkmambn FΠnsk‚dn¬ FØp∂Xv.
Cu XcwKßfmWv `q{]XeØn¬ miw hnXbv°p∂Xv.
Activity III
`qIºØns‚ ^eambp≠mb mijvSßfpsS Nn{XßfSßnb Hcp sImfmjv
em]vtSmΠns‚ klmbtØmsS A[ym]nI ImWn®p sImSp°p∂p
Ip´nIƒ {i≤m]q¿Δw
tIƒ°p∂p

9. Ip´nIƒ
{i≤m]q¿Δw
tm°p∂p
NˬmkqNIw
Cu sImfmjn n§Ä F´mWv ImWp¶Xv?
`qI¼¯nsâ Xo{hX Af¡p¶ D]IcWw GXmWv?
2001þÂ S¶ `qI¼w FhnsSbmWv D-mbXv?
`qI¼w XSbm³ Fs´Ãmw S]SnIÄ ap¡v kzoIcn¡mw?
Ip´nIƒ N¿®
sNbvXv sNøp∂p

10. t{ImUo-I-cWw
`qNeØns‚ ^eambn mi߃ hnX® ÿeßfpsS Nn{X߃ Ωƒ I≠Xv.
2001 Pphcn 26˛v KqPdmØnse `pPnv kao]w D≠mb i‡ntbdnb `qIºw
AtIw mijvS߃ hnX®p
13000˛¬ A[nIw t]¿°v Pohlmn hcpØpIbpw `q{]tZiamsI miw
hnXbv°pIbpw sNbvXp.
kao] kwÿmßfmb a≤y{]tZiv, almcmjv{S, cmPÿm≥ F∂o kwÿm
ßfnepw ]mInÿmnse kn‘v {]hniyIfnepw Cu `qIºw mijvS߃
hcpØnbn´p≠v.
C¥ym D]Zzo]ob taJebn¬ Ap`hsΠ´ G‰hpw i‡ntbdnb `qIºambmWv
CXns hntijnΠn°p∂Xv
GItZiw 85 sk°‚ v Cu `qIºw o≠p n∂p.
_®ph ]´Ww ]q¿Æambpw XI¿∂Sn™p.
AlΩZm_mZnepw kqd‰ntebpw _lpne sI´nS߃ XI¿∂Sn™Xv acWkwJy
h¿≤n°m≥ ImcWambn.
`qIºßfpsS Xo{hX Af°mp]tbmKn°p∂ D]IcWamWv kokvtam{Km^v.
`qIºXcwKßfpsS Xo{hX Af°p∂Xv dnIvS¿ kvsIbn¬ F∂ AfhptIm¬
D]tbmKn®mWv
dnIvS¿ kvsIbnenv 7˛v apIfn¬ D≈ `qNeamWv XmcXtay i‡amb `qIºw
F∂dnbsΠSp∂Xv.
_lpne sI´nS߃ ]WnbmXncn°pI, BgØnep≈ Jw SØmXncn°pI
F∂o hgnIfneqsS `qIºsØ Hcp ]cn[nhsc XSbm≥ km[n°pw
Ip´nIƒ
{i≤m]q¿Δw
tIƒ°p∂p

11. Conclusion
`qIºØns°pdn®p AXns‚ khntijXIsf°pdn®pw Ahsb Hcp ]cn[n
hsc Fßs XSbmw FXns°pdn®pw ]d™psIm≠v A[ym]nI ¢mkv
AhkmnΠn°p∂p.
Blackboard Summary
`qIºw
FΠnsk‚¿
2001 Pphcn 26
t^m°kv
kokvtam{Km^v
t_mUnthhvkv
Review:
1. `qIºw D≠mIpsXßs?
2. `qIºXcwKßfpsS khntijXIƒ Fs¥√mw?
3. t_mUnthhvkv F∂mse¥v?
4. `qIºßfpsS ^eambp≠mIp∂ mijvS߃ Fs¥√mw?
5. {]mYanIXcwKßfpsS {]tXyIXIƒ Fs¥√mw?
Assignment
2013-˛¬ D≠mb `qNeØns‚ Nn{X߃ tiJcn®v Hcp Nm¿´ t]Πdn¬ H´n°pI.
Fßssb√mw `qIºØns XSbm≥ km[n°pw FXnsΠ‰nbp≈ Hcp hnhcWw FgpXpI.