Designing Self-maintaining UI Tests for Web Applications
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This document discusses the challenges of test automation and proposes some solutions. It notes that products are constantly changing, developers do not always communicate changes, and testers spend significant time fixing broken tests rather than writing new ones. It proposes moving testing earlier in the process, embedding testers with developers, and using automation to prevent broken builds. Moving to more automated and maintainable tests over time can reduce maintenance costs and give testers a better understanding of how software is developed. Key steps include treating test automation as software development, improving presentation layer consistency, and better communication between testers and developers.
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Sometimes software testers overvalue the adherence to the collective wisdom embodied in organizational processes and the mechanical execution of tasks. Overly directive procedures work—to a point—projecting an impression of firm, clear control. But do they generate test results that are valuable to our stakeholders? Is there a way to orchestrate everyone’s creative contributions without inviting disorganized confusion? Is there a model that leverages the knowledge and creativity of the people doing the work, yet exerts reliable control in a non-directive way? Griffin Jones shares just such a model, describing its prescriptive versus discretionary parts and its dynamic and adaptive nature. Task activities are classified into types and control preferences. Griffin explores archetypes of control and their associated underlying values. Leave with an understanding of how you can leverage the wisdom and creativity of your people to make your testing more valuable and actionable.
Build Your Mobile Testing Knowledge
Are you overwhelmed by the number of mobile devices you need to test? The device market is large and new devices become available almost weekly. Karen Johnson discusses three key challenges to mobile testing—device selection, user interface, and device and application settings—and leads you through each. Learn how to select which devices to test and how to keep up-to-date in the ever-changing mobile market. Need to learn about user interface testing on mobile? Karen reviews mobile UX concepts and design. Wonder what device settings can impact your mobile app testing? Karen reviews common settings you need to consider. In addition to these mobile testing challenges, Karen guides you on how to conduct a competitive analysis of mobile apps. Learning how to conduct a survey of mobile apps and becoming aware of your competitors’ offerings are important to grow your own mobile knowledge.
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Building Successful Test Teams
“People are the most important asset of any organization.” Even though we hear that a lot, leaders and managers actually spend very little time focusing on the people side of testing. The skills and makeup of a test team are important and must be managed and cultivated properly. Individuals are very different and will react differently to various situations. Lloyd Roden describes the “tester’s style analysis questionnaire” and four types of testers—the pragmatist, the facilitator, the analyst, and the pioneer. When we recognize and acknowledge individual differences, we can use the individual’s strengths rather than dwell on the weaknesses. Lloyd examines how conflicts arise and how this style analysis questionnaire can help defuse conflicts to bring out the best in teams. Recruiting can be difficult, too. How do we recognize good testers during interviews? Once again, the style analysis can help. Lloyd provides Seven Top Tips for motivating your team to become more productive. Join Lloyd and take back ideas to help you assemble your most effective team.
Creating Great User Experiences: Tips and Techniques
Many software people look at creating great user experiences as a black art, something to guess at and hope for the best. It doesn't have to be that way! Jennifer Fraser explores the key ingredients for great user experience (UX) designs and shares the techniques she employs early-and often-during development. Find out how Jennifer fosters communications with users and devs, and works pro-actively to ensure true collaboration among UX designers and the rest of the team. Whether your team employs a formal agile methodology or not, Jennifer asserts that you need an iterative and incremental approach for creating great UX experiences. She shares her toolkit of communication techniques-blue-sky brainstorming sessions, structured conversation, and more-to use with different personality types and describes which types may approach decisions objectively versus empathetically. Leave with examples of UX design methods-personas, use scenarios, and user stories-to get you started on your current and upcoming projects.
Test Automation for Packaged Systems: Yes, You Can!
Today, most businesses are heavily dependent on packaged systems, sometimes called commercial off-the-shelf software, for large parts of their operation. Highly-customizable packages such as BMC’s Remedy, Oracle's Maxim, and many others run the show at many of the world’s largest companies. While offering many features and feature options, these packages provide rich software development environments and a “configuration” that is a highly complex programming exercise. Chris Bushell explores why packaged systems, which are just as vulnerable to defects as custom-developed software, have been missing out on the many benefits of early automated testing. Chris argues that it's time for a change. Drawing from hands-on experience working with customized packaged systems, Chris explains that these packages offer ease of customization over testability and offers information on overcoming their limitations. Take away tips to reduce defects, lower testing costs, and improve time to market with your company’s packaged systems.
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Do you ever feel you have lost confidence in your own abilities? Why does this happen? Isabel Evans spends a lot of time painting. Someone once commented, “Why are you doing this, when you are not very good at it?” And gradually she stopped drawing and painting, after being intimidated by a conventional vision of what good art should look like. At the same time, she experienced a parallel loss of confidence in her professional abilities. Attempting creative pursuits like drawing and painting is essential to cognitive, emotional, creative abilities and she began to understand the correlation between her creative activities and her confidence. Making errors, being wrong, failing – that is a generous gift we receive when we practice outside our skill level. By staying in a comfort zone and repeating successes, we stagnate. As Isabel started to create again she thought “I don’t feel good at it, I do feel good doing it” The difference was that she was learning, having ideas and the act of re-engaging with failure, together with the comradeship of friends and colleagues, including at Women Who Test, Isabel has regained her confidence in her professional abilities, and been able to reboot her career and joy. Join Isabel to share a journey from self-perceived failure, to recovery and renewed learning.
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The DevOps movement is here. Companies across many industries are breaking down siloed IT departments and federating them into product development teams. Testing and its practices are at the heart of these changes. Traditionally, IT organizations have been staffed with mostly manual testers and a limited number of automation and performance engineers. To keep pace with development in the new “you build it, you own it” environment, testing teams and individuals must develop new technical skills and even embrace coding to stay relevant and add greater value to the business. DevOps really starts with testing. Join Adam Auerbach as he explains what DevOps is and how it relates to testing. He describes how testing must change from top to bottom and how to access your own environment to identify improvement opportunities. Adam dives into practices like service virtualization, test data management, and continuous testing so you can understand where you are now and identify steps needed to instill a DevOps testing culture in your team and organization.
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Imagine this … As soon as any developed functionality is submitted into the code repository, it is automatically subjected to the appropriate battery of tests and then released straight into production. Setting up the pipeline capable of doing just that is becoming more and more common and something you need to know about. But most organizations hit the same stumbling block—just what IS the appropriate battery of tests? Automated build architectures don't always lend themselves well to the traditional stages of testing. In this hands-on tutorial, Melissa Benua introduces you to key test design principles—applicable to organizations both large and small—that allow you to take full advantage of the pipeline's capabilities without introducing unnecessary bottlenecks. Learn how to make highly reliable tests that run fast and preserve just enough information to let testers and developers determine exactly what went wrong and how to reproduce the error locally. Explore ways to reduce overlap while still maintaining adequate test coverage. Take back ideas about which test areas could benefit from being combined into a single suite and which areas could benefit most from being broken out altogether.
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With the recent emergence of DevOps across the industry, testing organizations are being challenged to transform themselves significantly within a short period of time to stay meaningful within their organizations. It’s not easy to plan and approach these changes considering the way testing organizations have remained structured for ages. These challenges start from foundational organizational structures and can cut across leadership influence, competencies, tools strategy, infrastructure, and other dimensions. Sumit Kumar shares his experience assisting various organizations to overcome these challenges using an organized DevOps enablement framework. The framework includes radical restructuring, turning the tools strategy upside down, a multidimensional workforce enablement supported by infrastructure changes, redeveloped collaborations models, and more. From his real world experiences Sumit shares tips for approaching this journey and explains the roadmap for testing organizations to transform themselves to lead the quality in DevOps.
The Fourth Constraint in Project Delivery—Leadership
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DevOps is a cultural shift aimed at streamlining intergroup communication and improving operational efficiency for development and operations groups. Over time, inclusion of other IT groups under the DevOps umbrella has become the norm for many organizations. But even broadening the boundaries of DevOps, the conversation has been largely devoid of the business units’ place at the table. A common mistake organizations make while going through the DevOps transformation is drawing a line at the IT boundary. If that occurs, a larger, more inclusive silo within the organization is created, operating in an informational vacuum and causing operational inefficiency and goal misalignment. Sharing his experiences working on both sides of the fence, Leon Fayer describes the importance of including business units in order to align technology decisions with business goals. Leon discusses inclusion of business units in existing agile processes, benefits of cross-departmental monitoring, and a business-first approach to technology decisions.
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Organizations are moving rapidly into mobile technology, which has significantly increased the demand for testing of mobile applications. David Dangs says testers naturally are turning to automation to help ease the workload, increase potential test coverage, and improve testing efficiency. But should you try to automate all things mobile? Unfortunately, the answer is not always clear. Mobile has its own set of complications, compounded by a wide variety of devices and OS platforms. Join David to learn what mobile testing activities are ripe for automation—and those items best left to manual efforts. He describes the various considerations for automating each type of mobile application: mobile web, native app, and hybrid applications. David also covers device-level testing, types of testing, available automation tools, and recommendations for automation effectiveness. Finally, based on his years of mobile testing experience, David provides some tips and tricks to approach mobile automation. Leave with a clear plan for automating your mobile applications.
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Diversity is becoming the norm in everyday life. However, introducing global delivery models without a proper understanding of intercultural differences can lead to difficulty, frustration, and reduced productivity. Priyanka Sharma and Thena Barry say that in our diverse world, we need teams with people who can cross these boundaries, communicate effectively, and build the diverse networks necessary to avoid problems. We need to learn about cultural intelligence (CI) and cultural quotient (CQ). CI is the ability to relate and work effectively across cultures. CQ is the cognitive, motivational, and behavioral capacity to understand and respond to beliefs, values, attitudes, and behaviors of individuals and groups. Together, CI and CQ can help us build behavioral capacities that aid motivation, behavior, and productivity in teams as well as individuals. Priyanka and Thena show how to build a more culturally intelligent place with tools and techniques from Leading with Cultural Intelligence, as well as content from the Hofstede cultural model. In addition, they illustrate the model with real-life experiences and demonstrate how they adapted in similar circumstances.
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The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
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https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
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Bob Boule
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Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
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- 1. A Walk in the Fields Why Test Automation Is Really, Really Difficult, and Why It Usually Sucks
- 2. The Problem The product is ever-changing Developers do not communicate changes proactively (or at all) 40% of our time was spent accounting for these changes We should be guided by features, not failures
- 3. The Solution Move testing further UP the chain, not down Embed automation testers with regular developers Use automation to GATE the release Apply some Principles of Real Software Design to our little corner of the process
- 4. What’s in it for me? Managers – Increase your confidence day-to-day and release-to-release Developers – no more whiny testers, now they’re whiny PARTNERS Testers – worry about developing NEW tests, not fixing broken ones
- 5. Add a User
- 6. Let’s Look at Some Code (Don’t worry about trying to read this, I’m trying to convey quantity, not quality)
- 8. Velocity Definition This is just for that one button!
- 9. DAO Code Hooking the fields to the database
- 10. Some SQL
- 11. What Was all That??! Recursive Velocity templates Java (with Hibernate annotations) In-depth Velocity macro definitions More Java SQL We didn’t even look at the CSS or JavaScript
- 12. What Does QA Typically Know About This Stuff?
- 13. Some Numbers Some analysis and estimation around the form: 150 lines of Velocity 600 lines of Java 200 lines of SQL 6,000+ lines of shared JavaScript libraries 1,000 lines of shared CSS Whenever any of this changes, it can affect the functional, presentational, or performance aspects of this form
- 14. More Numbers This is one of 8 different forms surrounding the creation/maintenance of users User is one of ~200 top-level entities in the system 800 pages Thousands of forms, buttons, and dynamic screen elements What happens if one thing changes?
- 15. Facts are facts Little of the code that does show up in the browser was written, or would be easily understood, by the developer It’s either auto-generated by the templates, or was designed by the UX team
- 16. What Makes it Complicated for Testing?
- 17. Why So Serious? 6 big fat lozenges of code that you didn’t write Then there’s the ―robot‖ you use to control it, which you also didn’t write QTP SilkTest Watir Selenium/WebDriver
- 18. High Maintenance Tests Everything is in the test, in one big layer
- 19. Baby Steps Lower maintenance: Utility or ―Helper‖ methods Locators stored in xml or properties files or something
- 20. Adolescence Even lower maintenance: Page Object Model—tests are driven by the functionality of the site Strongly-typed WebElements Database abstractions—an ―API‖ for testing Continuous Integration Screen shots upon failures
- 21. Adulthood No longer guided by failure: User-modeled actions—tests are driven by use cases more than pure functionality Domain-specific language, coupled with strong Page Objects EventFiringWebDriver to give you pinpoint logging and error handling TestNG TestListeners coupled with the above for fine-grained failure handling
- 22. Nirvana Virtually maintenance-free: All of the above, plus… Page Object generation, created/updated at build time whenever the developer makes an update
- 25. Managers: You Want a Strategy? TEST AUTOMATION DEVELOPMENT IS SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT Treat it like any other project, but one in which you *can* control the variables You already know 90% of what you need to know Just make the connection and make the commitment Insist on automation involvement from the earliest point
- 26. Engineers: Now what? Make a connection with your automation resources Find areas where your presentation layer could be more consistent Prototype on a simple page or single element type Figure out how you can communicate change via continuous build instead of hallway conversations
- 27. Testers Now you don’t have to chase down changes You understand much better how the software gets built You can provide metrics and perspective you couldn’t before Your code base is tied to theirs—sounds dubious, but turns out to be awesome
- 28. Pros Maintenance goes way down Automation code is now tied to developer code Including version-specific tests QA now has skin in the development game Development now has skin in the automation game
- 29. Cons Heavy up-front development time But you should be quick-to-fail Need a higher level skill set than the traditional QA role Difficult to implement on non-templated systems Velocity, JSF, JSP, ASP, wicket OK PHP, JavaScript, Java-based HTML not so easy
- 30. The Risk? ―If they plugged up the leaks that allow us to hack FireFox, this whole thing would go away.‖ ―Developers are a huge risk to test automation. They shouldn’t be allowed near the codebase.‖ —Simon Stewart
- 31. Other ideas Could you somehow track the changes, to get an idea of ―churn rate‖ in your presentation layer? Compile to some kind of meta-step, so the target, rather than being pure Java, could interface with anything? Standard for ―Object Repository‖, maybe as an addition to Selenium?
- 32. Questions?