Risk-based Testing: Not for the Fainthearted
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If you’ve tried to make testing really count, you know that “risk” plays a fundamental part in deciding where to direct your testing efforts and how much testing is enough. Unfortunately, project managers often do not understand or fully appreciate the test team’s view of risk—until it is too late. Is it their problem or is it ours? After spending a year on a challenging project that was set up as purely a risk mitigation exercise, George Wilkinson saw first-hand how risk management can play a vital role in providing focus for our testing activities, and how sometimes we as testers need to improve our communication of those risks to the project stakeholders. George provides a foundation for anyone who is serious about understanding risk and employing risk-based testing on projects. He describes actions and behaviors we should demonstrate to ensure the risks are understood, thus allowing us to be more effective during testing.
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Learning Objectives
Define Project Risk and identify stages of project risk management
Understand Risk Response Strategy Selection process using risk matrix
Identify characteristics of procurement routes and map risk allocation amongst project stakeholders
Appreciate a more risk informed procurement route selection
What makes project management a risky business
Organisations take risks to compete through projects making projects risky
Indeed risk appetite is the term used to describe the amount of risk an organisation is willing to take
And risk tolerance is the amount of risk an organisation can absorb
Risk is an important subject in APM BoK7 and PMBoK Guide (Chapter 11)
Institute of risk management; the Orange Book from the UK Gov
Communication between stakeholders in the project, suppliers and customer
VUCA (Volatility Uncertainty Complexity Ambiguity) environment
Risks in Projects
https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/top-50-projects-sydney-opera-house-11757
Lack of process and
Large budget over run
Safety regulations
O Ring
Safety disaster
Case: impact of culture on risk
The Nimrod Accident
Case: the conspiracy of optimism
Optimism bias is a known phenomenon which has been described as a psychological factor in estimators. In the defence industry it is recognised there is political pressure for projects to deliver more and cost less.
Activity: What projects do you know failed?
What projects do you know from your own experience which failed in some way and how did they fail? For example “Potters Bar safety disaster”
Definition of Risk and Uncertainty
Before ISO 31000 a working definition of risk was an event that may or may not happen
Uncertainty is variation in something that has happened
For example a machine breakdown may or may not happen
Schedule delay is variation in the delay schedule in terms of time
Risk is defined as an uncertain event or set of circumstances, that should it occur, will have an effect on achievement of one or more objectives, by APM Body of Knowledge 2012
ISO 31000 (2018) definition of risk
ISO 31000 defines risk as the effect of uncertainty on project objectives
Note 1 to entry: an effect is a deviation from the expected. It can be positive, negative or both, and can address, create or result in opportunities and threats
Note 2 to entry: Objectives can have different aspects and categories, and can be applied at different levels
Note 3 to entry: Risk is usually expressed in terms of risk sources, potential events, their consequences and their likelihood
Project objectives are influenced by the iron triangle and trade-off space between cost, quality and time
This means that cost ris.
Project Controls Expo 18th Nov 2014 - "Practical Applications of a Risk Manag...
Project Controls Expo 18th Nov 2014 - "Practical Applications of a Risk Manag...Project Controls Expo
As construction projects continue to increase in size and complexity, so does the inherent risk that organizations must take on to win work. As a result of globalization in the capital construction industry, organizations are faced with the challenge of executing projects under tighter budgets and highly compressed schedules. This has led to thinner profit margins and the increased need for competitive cost positioning. This presentation seeks to demonstrate the value of a robust risk management framework at all levels of an organization. This includes:
• Risk management for identifying corporate strategy and market opportunities
• Using risk assessment to establish corporate risk reserves
• Refining the estimate process at the bid stage by using risk analysis to eliminate the “compounding contingency” effect
• Analyzing and quantifying ongoing project risk exposure
• How to involve your client in the risk management processRisk strategies presentation
Managing Project Risk: Risk Strategies
Accept/Ignore
Avoid Risk
Reduce Likelihood
Reduce Impact
Transfer Risk
Risk Management Presentation.pptx
What You Will Learn
After this one-hour session, learners will be able to:
Demonstrate to others how the risk management processes in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) apply to your project’s environment
Differentiate between Project and Program Risk Management and understand how they support one another
Speaker
Keith is a Senior Consultant, Trainer and Coach with over 25 years of successful management and consulting experience and business planning. Keith is a leader in Agile training, coach and transitioning to Agile and is well known for his public speaking skills and enthusiasm and has been a welcomed facilitator at numerous fortune 500 corporations, universities, and associations worldwide. He is engaging, energetic, entertaining and informative.
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Wouldn’t it be great if you could get to better ideas faster? If you learn to master just two thinking skills, you can! Many of the PMI supported tools have origins in creativity. As such, these tools are best leveraged when you apply divergent thinking (to generate) or convergent thinking (to narrow). This session will explore the principles of divergent and convergent thinking and provide examples of techniques to maximize their power in decision making, problem solving and performance feedback.
Risk Management
Risk management in software development. Types of risks and steps to manage all types of risks.
9. Risk.ppt
Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing and controlling threats to an organization's capital and earnings. These risks stem from a variety of sources, including financial uncertainties, legal liabilities, technology issues, strategic management errors, accidents and natural disasters.
Similar to Risk-based Testing: Not for the Fainthearted (20)
Risk and Procurement ManagementDr Paul BaguleyClass Slides.docx
Risk and Procurement ManagementDr Paul BaguleyClass Slides.docx
Project Controls Expo 18th Nov 2014 - "Practical Applications of a Risk Manag...
Project Controls Expo 18th Nov 2014 - "Practical Applications of a Risk Manag...
Webinar - Building Team Efficiency and Effectiveness
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- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
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Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
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This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
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- 1. Risk-based Testing: Not for the Fainthearted George Wilkinson Grove Consultants george@grove.co.uk www.grove.co.uk
- 2. Risk…a definition Definition: ISO 31000: (2009) Risk Management standard definition, defines risk as: “the effect of uncertainty on objectives whether positive or negative” A more common project definition of ‘risk’ is: “the probability of an event, hazard, threat or situation occurring resulting in undesirable consequences”
- 3. Testing…the challenges risks are present due to: a) Time pressures b) System sophistication c) Budget restrictions d) Changing requirements e) Resource challenges …and on…and on…and on… Test: a definition “a particular process or method for trying or assessing” Our objectives: • Find defects • Raise confidence • Have conformance to regulation • Combinations of the above In the act of „testing‟ we need FOCUS!!!
- 4. The TiNA project London Civil and Military Airspace System Existing FDP system Replacement FDP system
- 5. Why is your system important? flight numbers are continually growing world-wide in 2010: over the entire UK 2.1 million flights were handled in controlled airspace over 200 million passengers flew “The safety of the passengers rely upon this system” do you have a reason why your system is important? …if not find one!
- 6. Risk Exposure = Probability * Consequence Understanding Risk Probability Risk 1 100% 5 Risk Exposure = 2*2 = 4 75% 4 Risk 2 Risk Exposure = 4*2 = 8 50% 3 Risk 3 25% 2 1% Risk Exposure = 2*4 = 8 Risk Risk 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 Risk Exposure = 4*4 = 16 Consequence
- 7. Risk Management risk identification • • • • • risk workshops expert interviews heuristics lessons learned checklists Investig risk analysis risk mitigation (control) Try to…calculate Risk Exposure Risk monitoring ENGAGE THE STAKEHOLDERS! ate Ignore Project Mitigatio n Test Conting ency plan
- 8. Risk-based Testing…points to note can be hard to commit to… can help answer: how much testing is enough is a risky business in itself does not mean test all known risks The main initiative being… to provide detailed information to help „management‟ make a decision on whether a system is ready for release
- 9. Is it them or is it us…? Number Software Risk item Frequency Frequency 1 Misunderstanding of requirements 5 1 Lack of top management support 5 3 Lack of adequate user involvement 4 4 Failure to gain user commitment 3 5 Failure to manage end user expectations 3 6 Changes to requirements 3 7 Lack of an effective project management methodology 3 Project Management is project focussed Test Management is product focussed Source: Top Ten Lists of Software Project Risks: Evidence from Literature Survey by Tharwon Arnuphaptrairong
- 10. Behaviours in Risk Based Testing #1 build the relationship with Project Management test need to work close with Project Management appreciate Project Management objectives push Project Management for risk based decisions learn to use „risk language‟ when verbalising risks when writing risks
- 11. Behaviours in Risk Based Testing #2 all „risk management‟ activities should be efficient act boldly, time is limited ensure risk workshops are facilitated well learn the lessons from past mistakes retain the „risk based approach‟ in strategy and planning in execution on the next release ….when you are tired Chance of failure Test and report Risk Management Plan For Test
- 12. Risk-based reporting start today end date residual risks of releasing TODAY all risks „open‟ at the start Progress through the test plan Source: Risk Based E-Business Testing – Paul Gerrard & Neil Thompson
- 13. Defect data provides a message…choose well defect density 70 60 50 40 defect density analysis 30 20 10 0 140 120 100 defects found versus fixed 80 Found 60 Fixed 40 20 0 Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
- 14. Summary risks in modern systems are prevalent and testing requires focus risk based testing requires: a good relationship with project management an efficient risk management approach good communication and reporting discipline success comes with taking risks