The composite sentence is a sentence consisting of two or more clauses that form a single syntactic unit. Clauses can be joined through coordination or subordination to form compound or complex sentences. Compound sentences consist of two or more coordinate clauses of equal rank joined by coordinating conjunctions like "and", "but", or "or". Coordinate clauses can be joined copulatively, adversatively, disjunctively, or causatively-consecutively depending on their meaning and relationship.

1. Shahane Mammadli
The Composite,
Compound sentences

2. THE COMPOSITE SENTENCE
● The composite sentence is a sentence consisting of two or more clauses. In
its structure a clause is similar to a simple sentence, but unlike a simple
sentence it forms part of a bigger syntactical unit.
● Within a composite sentence clauses may be joined by means of
coordination or subordination, thus forming a compound or a complex
sentence respectively. Coordination is a way of linking grammatical
elements to make them equal in rank.

3. The main principals while composite
sentence classifying:
• according to the existing two types of syntactic connections(the compound
and the complex sentences).
• according to the degree of the predicative explicitness they distinguish
composite sentences of complete composition(the compound and the
complex sentences), and composite sentences of concise
composition(semi-compound and semi-complex sentences

4. The Compound Sentence
● The compound sentence consists of two or more clauses of equal rank which
form one syntactical whole in meaning and intonation. Clauses that are parts
of a compound sentence are called coordinate, as they are joined by
coordination.

5. in the second case - asyndeticaily:
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall;
All the king’s horses, and all the king’s
men
Cannot put Humpty Dumpty together
again.
Coordinate clauses may be linked
together with or without a connector;
in the first case they are joined
Syndetically.
Yesterday I bought a penny fiddle
And put it to my chin to play,
But I found its strings painted,
So I threw my fiddle away.

6. From the point of view of the relationship between coordinate
clauses, we distinguish four kinds of coordinate connection:
• copulative
• adversative
• disjunctive
• causative-consecutive.
The type of connection is expressed not only by means of
coordinating connectives, but also by the general meaning of
clauses conveyed by their lexical and grammatical content.

7. The copulative connectors are: the conjunctions and, nor, neither ... nor, not only ... but
also, as well as, both, and the conjunctive adverbs then, moreover, likewise, besides, again,
further, thus and conjunctive particles also, too, even.
Then she (Ellen) went home and wrote Brody a thank-you note for being so nice, and she
also wrote a note to the chief of police commending young Martin Brody
The events described in copulative coordinate clauses may be simultaneous or
successive

8. Adversative coordination joins clauses containing opposition, contradiction or contrast.
Adversative connectors are: the conjunctions but, while, whereas, the conjunctive adverbs yet,
still, nevertheless, nonetheless, and the conjunctive particle only. Adversative coordination may
also be realized asyndetically. The main adversative conjunction is but, which expresses
adversative connection in a very general way. The clause introduced by but conveys some event
that is opposite to what is expected from the contents of the first clause
The story was amusing, but nobody laughed.
The conjunctions while and whereas specialize in expressing
contrastive relations:
Peter is an engineer, while his brother is a musician.

9. ● Disjunctive connection denotes choice, usually between two
mutually exclusive alternatives. The disjunctive conjunctions are or,
either ... or, the conjunctive adverbs else (or else), otherwise:
● You can join us at the station, or we can wait for you at home.

10. Causative-consecutive
● Causative-consecutive coordination joins clauses connected in such a way that one of them
contains a reason and the other ― a consequence. The second clause may contain either the reason
or the result of the event conveyed by the previous clause. The only causative coordinating
conjunction is for.
● The days became longer, for it was now springtime
A for-clause differs from a subordinate clause of reason in that it never precedes the clause it is
joined to. If a sentence begins with for, it means that the sentence is linked with the previous one:
When I saw her in the river I was frightened. For at that point the current was strong.
Consecutive connectives are so, so that, therefore, hence, then.
The weather was fine, so there were many people on the beach.