This document provides an overview of the components and certification requirements for an IT technician. It discusses that an IT technician installs, maintains, and repairs computers and requires training in areas like operating systems, networking, and security. Industry certification like CompTIA A+ or European Certification of Informatics Professional help technicians prove their skills. The document then details the typical components inside a personal computer like the motherboard, CPU, memory, storage drives, ports, and power supply.
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITYGOKUL SREE
Networks connect computers and devices to allow sharing of resources and communication. There are different types of networks including local area networks (LANs) that connect devices within a small area like a home or office, and wide area networks (WANs) that connect multiple LANs across large distances using technologies like the Internet. Common physical network components include computers, switches, routers and cabling. Logical network topologies determine how devices communicate and include bus, star, ring and mesh configurations. Common protocols like TCP/IP and Ethernet are used to enable communication between networked devices.
This document discusses computer hardware, software, and systems. It provides details on:
1) The basic components of a computer including the CPU, memory, motherboard, power supply, hard disk, and peripherals.
2) The two main parts of a computer being hardware (physical components) and software (programs and instructions). It describes different types of software.
3) Types of computers defined by their use including personal, server, and processing computers.
4) Various computer input and output devices like mice, keyboards, displays, scanners, and storage devices. It also discusses computer networks and communication.
The document discusses different types of motherboards including integrated, non-integrated, desktop, laptop, and server motherboards. It describes the main components of a motherboard including the CPU socket, memory slots, chipset, expansion slots, BIOS, and I/O ports. Key factors to consider when selecting a motherboard are the form factor, CPU support, BIOS type, case compatibility, and warranty.
Define the terminology used in programming
Explain the tasks performed by a programmer
Understand the employment opportunities for programmers and software engineers
Explain the history of programming languages
Explain the sequence, selection, and repetition structures
Write simple algorithms using the sequence, selection, and repetition structures
This document provides course material for the subject of Operating Systems for 4th semester B.E. Computer Science Engineering students at A.V.C. College of Engineering. It includes information on the name and designation of the faculty teaching the course, the academic year, curriculum regulations, 5 units that make up the course content, textbook and reference details. The course aims to cover key topics in operating systems including processes, process scheduling, storage management, file systems and I/O systems.
The document discusses the evolution of GPU architecture and capabilities over time. It describes how GPUs have become massively parallel processors with programmable capabilities beyond just graphics. The document outlines the core components of a GPU including the graphics pipeline and programming model. It also discusses how GPUs are well suited for parallel, data-intensive applications and how their capabilities have expanded into general purpose computing through technologies like CUDA.
The document discusses the Web of Things and Cloud of Things. It describes the Web of Things as using existing web standards to simplify creating IoT applications by allowing real-world objects to be part of the World Wide Web. The Cloud of Things leverages cloud computing technologies to support the IoT. Standards like SOA and middleware platforms are discussed as ways to provide unified architectures for the Web and Cloud of Things.
The document discusses different software engineering process models including:
1. The waterfall model which is a linear sequential model where each phase must be completed before moving to the next.
2. Prototyping models which allow requirements to be refined through building prototypes.
3. RAD (Rapid Application Development) which emphasizes short development cycles through reuse and code generation.
4. Incremental models which deliver functionality in increments with early increments focusing on high priority requirements.
5. The spiral model which has multiple iterations of planning, risk analysis, engineering and evaluation phases.
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITYGOKUL SREE
Networks connect computers and devices to allow sharing of resources and communication. There are different types of networks including local area networks (LANs) that connect devices within a small area like a home or office, and wide area networks (WANs) that connect multiple LANs across large distances using technologies like the Internet. Common physical network components include computers, switches, routers and cabling. Logical network topologies determine how devices communicate and include bus, star, ring and mesh configurations. Common protocols like TCP/IP and Ethernet are used to enable communication between networked devices.
This document discusses computer hardware, software, and systems. It provides details on:
1) The basic components of a computer including the CPU, memory, motherboard, power supply, hard disk, and peripherals.
2) The two main parts of a computer being hardware (physical components) and software (programs and instructions). It describes different types of software.
3) Types of computers defined by their use including personal, server, and processing computers.
4) Various computer input and output devices like mice, keyboards, displays, scanners, and storage devices. It also discusses computer networks and communication.
The document discusses different types of motherboards including integrated, non-integrated, desktop, laptop, and server motherboards. It describes the main components of a motherboard including the CPU socket, memory slots, chipset, expansion slots, BIOS, and I/O ports. Key factors to consider when selecting a motherboard are the form factor, CPU support, BIOS type, case compatibility, and warranty.
Define the terminology used in programming
Explain the tasks performed by a programmer
Understand the employment opportunities for programmers and software engineers
Explain the history of programming languages
Explain the sequence, selection, and repetition structures
Write simple algorithms using the sequence, selection, and repetition structures
This document provides course material for the subject of Operating Systems for 4th semester B.E. Computer Science Engineering students at A.V.C. College of Engineering. It includes information on the name and designation of the faculty teaching the course, the academic year, curriculum regulations, 5 units that make up the course content, textbook and reference details. The course aims to cover key topics in operating systems including processes, process scheduling, storage management, file systems and I/O systems.
The document discusses the evolution of GPU architecture and capabilities over time. It describes how GPUs have become massively parallel processors with programmable capabilities beyond just graphics. The document outlines the core components of a GPU including the graphics pipeline and programming model. It also discusses how GPUs are well suited for parallel, data-intensive applications and how their capabilities have expanded into general purpose computing through technologies like CUDA.
The document discusses the Web of Things and Cloud of Things. It describes the Web of Things as using existing web standards to simplify creating IoT applications by allowing real-world objects to be part of the World Wide Web. The Cloud of Things leverages cloud computing technologies to support the IoT. Standards like SOA and middleware platforms are discussed as ways to provide unified architectures for the Web and Cloud of Things.
The document discusses different software engineering process models including:
1. The waterfall model which is a linear sequential model where each phase must be completed before moving to the next.
2. Prototyping models which allow requirements to be refined through building prototypes.
3. RAD (Rapid Application Development) which emphasizes short development cycles through reuse and code generation.
4. Incremental models which deliver functionality in increments with early increments focusing on high priority requirements.
5. The spiral model which has multiple iterations of planning, risk analysis, engineering and evaluation phases.
The document discusses the main components of a computer motherboard. It describes the CPU socket, memory slots, CMOS battery, expansion slots like ISA, PCI, and AGP, power connectors, chipset including the northbridge and southbridge, graphical devices, and back panel ports. The motherboard holds many crucial electronic components like the CPU and memory and provides connections for other peripherals.
This document discusses agile software development. It begins with an agenda covering agile software development, the agile manifesto, what agility means, how agility reduces the cost of change, agile processes, and agile principles. It then defines agility as effectively responding to and communicating about change. An agile process is described as being driven by customer requirements, developing software iteratively, and delivering software increments while adapting to changes. The document concludes with 12 agile principles including satisfying customers, welcoming changing requirements, frequent delivery of working software, and continuous improvement.
The document discusses various concepts related to computer networks including:
1. A computer network connects multiple computers allowing them to share resources and information. It consists of nodes like computers, printers, and other devices connected by communication channels.
2. Key network components include routers, switches, hubs, bridges and gateways which help connect and direct traffic between nodes and segments.
3. Networks can be classified based on transmission medium (wired vs wireless), size (LAN, MAN, WAN), management method (peer-to-peer, client-server), and topology.
The document describes a generic process model that includes framework activities, software engineering actions, tasks, work products, quality assurance points, and milestones. Each framework activity can have multiple software engineering actions associated with it. Each action can then be represented by different task sets that include specific work tasks. The document also discusses defining framework activities and identifying appropriate task sets. Finally, it outlines three types of process patterns: stage patterns related to framework activities, task patterns related to software engineering actions/tasks, and phase patterns related to sequences of framework activities.
1) Embedded systems are computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems, often with real-time computing constraints.
2) Hardware platforms for embedded systems include microcontrollers optimized for control applications, digital signal processors for data-intensive applications, and programmable hardware or ASICs.
3) System specialization is important for embedded systems, through techniques like application-specific instruction sets, optimized memory architectures, and heterogeneous registers. This improves properties like performance, power efficiency, and predictability.
Web engineering is the application of systematic approaches to the development, operation, and maintenance of web-based applications. It deals with designing, building, evaluating, and continually updating complex web systems. As web applications have become more complex, web engineering has emerged as a field to address the challenges of developing high-quality, reliable web-based solutions through principles of software engineering.
A GPU is a specialized microprocessor that accelerates 3D and 2D graphics. It was defined in 1999 by Nvidia who marketed the first GPU chip. GPUs are efficient at manipulating and displaying computer graphics compared to CPUs. The GPU pipeline receives geometry from the CPU and provides pictures as output. It processes through stages of vertex processing, triangle setup, pixel processing, and writing to memory interfaces like frame buffers and textures. GPUs are used widely in applications like gaming, CAD tools, and computer graphics due to their powerful graphics processing capabilities.
An embedded system is a combination of the computer hardware and software accomplished with additional mechanical or other parts designed to perform a specific function.
Embedded software is an almost every electronic device in the use today. There is a software hidden away inside our watches, VCR's, cellular phones.A well-designed embedded system conceals the existence of the processor and the software .
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Visit our page to get more ideas on embedded system by professionals.
Edgefx provides free verified embedded system kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
A gateway is a network element that connects two different networks, even if they use different protocols. It allows communication by stripping off the old protocol and assigning a new protocol. There are two main types of gateways: transport gateways connect networks using different transport protocols, while application gateways can translate between application-layer formats. Gateways expand networks but have drawbacks like inability to filter noise, slower transmission due to protocol conversion, and increased cost.
This document provides an overview of computer operation fundamentals including:
- Computer hardware components like the CPU, monitor, keyboard, and storage devices.
- How input is processed by the CPU and results in output which can be stored.
- Types of computer software like system software which includes the operating system and device drivers, and application software.
- System software functions like reading data, translating instructions, and controlling devices.
- Categories of application software for general purposes, specific purposes, and developer tools.
Network components include nodes, links, clients, servers, and other devices that connect and allow communication between systems. Key components discussed include network interface cards, hubs, bridges, routers, switches, gateways, and wireless devices. Various media are used to physically transmit data between nodes on a network.
The document discusses various aspects of requirements engineering including processes, techniques, challenges, and importance. It describes requirements elicitation, analysis, specification, validation, and management. Key points covered include feasibility studies, types of requirements, characteristics of good requirements, requirements traceability and evolution. Diagrams like use cases, activity diagrams and data flow diagrams are presented as examples of requirements specification outputs.
IoT Physical Servers and Cloud Offerings.pdfGVNSK Sravya
This document provides an overview of cloud computing and its relevance to IoT. It discusses various cloud storage models and APIs that enable communication with cloud services. It introduces the WAMP protocol for building publish-subscribe and RPC-based distributed apps for IoT. The document also covers using the Xively cloud platform and Django web framework for developing IoT apps. Key topics include cloud computing concepts, types of cloud services, advantages of cloud, and getting started with Django projects, apps, databases and models.
Rajat Singla presented on computer hardware. He discussed that computer hardware includes components like the case, monitor, keyboard and mouse. He then explained the central processing unit, memory, storage devices, input devices and output devices that make up computer hardware. Storage devices store instructions and data and include magnetic and optical storage options.
Operating system 02 os as an extended machineVaibhav Khanna
Functions performed by the
operating systems:
Managing the hardware resources of the
computer
Providing the user-interface components
Providing a platform for software developers
to write applications
The document outlines the schedule and resources for a Network Technology postgraduate module. It includes 1 hour of lectures and 3 hours of lab sessions/tutorials per week. Assessments are scheduled for January and May 2013, and students can confirm dates via the university account. Additional resources are available at a provided web link. The module objectives are to understand how networks impact daily life, identify network components, opportunities/challenges of converged networks, and characteristics of network architectures like fault tolerance, scalability, quality of service and security.
The document outlines the process for developing a MapReduce application including:
1) Writing map and reduce functions with unit tests, then a driver program to run on test data.
2) Running the program on a cluster with the full dataset and fixing issues.
3) Tuning the program for performance after it is working correctly.
The document provides an introduction to software engineering. It defines software and discusses the costs associated with software development and maintenance. It then covers various software engineering topics like processes, models, techniques and challenges. Specific topics covered include the waterfall model, rapid development approaches, prototyping, iterative development, reuse-oriented engineering and the impact of the web on software engineering. Case studies and examples are also provided to illustrate different types of software systems.
This chapter provides an introduction to personal computers. It outlines the chapter objectives which include explaining industry certifications and describing the various internal and external computer components. The chapter contents are overviewed, including potential misconceptions. Additional resources for instructors are also listed.
The document provides an introduction to the basic components of a personal computer system, including hardware and software. It describes the main hardware components such as the computer case, power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, storage devices, ports, and cables. The case protects internal components and needs to provide sufficient cooling. The power supply converts AC to DC power. The motherboard contains the CPU, memory, expansion slots, and connectors. Software includes the operating system and applications.
The document discusses the main components of a computer motherboard. It describes the CPU socket, memory slots, CMOS battery, expansion slots like ISA, PCI, and AGP, power connectors, chipset including the northbridge and southbridge, graphical devices, and back panel ports. The motherboard holds many crucial electronic components like the CPU and memory and provides connections for other peripherals.
This document discusses agile software development. It begins with an agenda covering agile software development, the agile manifesto, what agility means, how agility reduces the cost of change, agile processes, and agile principles. It then defines agility as effectively responding to and communicating about change. An agile process is described as being driven by customer requirements, developing software iteratively, and delivering software increments while adapting to changes. The document concludes with 12 agile principles including satisfying customers, welcoming changing requirements, frequent delivery of working software, and continuous improvement.
The document discusses various concepts related to computer networks including:
1. A computer network connects multiple computers allowing them to share resources and information. It consists of nodes like computers, printers, and other devices connected by communication channels.
2. Key network components include routers, switches, hubs, bridges and gateways which help connect and direct traffic between nodes and segments.
3. Networks can be classified based on transmission medium (wired vs wireless), size (LAN, MAN, WAN), management method (peer-to-peer, client-server), and topology.
The document describes a generic process model that includes framework activities, software engineering actions, tasks, work products, quality assurance points, and milestones. Each framework activity can have multiple software engineering actions associated with it. Each action can then be represented by different task sets that include specific work tasks. The document also discusses defining framework activities and identifying appropriate task sets. Finally, it outlines three types of process patterns: stage patterns related to framework activities, task patterns related to software engineering actions/tasks, and phase patterns related to sequences of framework activities.
1) Embedded systems are computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems, often with real-time computing constraints.
2) Hardware platforms for embedded systems include microcontrollers optimized for control applications, digital signal processors for data-intensive applications, and programmable hardware or ASICs.
3) System specialization is important for embedded systems, through techniques like application-specific instruction sets, optimized memory architectures, and heterogeneous registers. This improves properties like performance, power efficiency, and predictability.
Web engineering is the application of systematic approaches to the development, operation, and maintenance of web-based applications. It deals with designing, building, evaluating, and continually updating complex web systems. As web applications have become more complex, web engineering has emerged as a field to address the challenges of developing high-quality, reliable web-based solutions through principles of software engineering.
A GPU is a specialized microprocessor that accelerates 3D and 2D graphics. It was defined in 1999 by Nvidia who marketed the first GPU chip. GPUs are efficient at manipulating and displaying computer graphics compared to CPUs. The GPU pipeline receives geometry from the CPU and provides pictures as output. It processes through stages of vertex processing, triangle setup, pixel processing, and writing to memory interfaces like frame buffers and textures. GPUs are used widely in applications like gaming, CAD tools, and computer graphics due to their powerful graphics processing capabilities.
An embedded system is a combination of the computer hardware and software accomplished with additional mechanical or other parts designed to perform a specific function.
Embedded software is an almost every electronic device in the use today. There is a software hidden away inside our watches, VCR's, cellular phones.A well-designed embedded system conceals the existence of the processor and the software .
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Visit our page to get more ideas on embedded system by professionals.
Edgefx provides free verified embedded system kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
A gateway is a network element that connects two different networks, even if they use different protocols. It allows communication by stripping off the old protocol and assigning a new protocol. There are two main types of gateways: transport gateways connect networks using different transport protocols, while application gateways can translate between application-layer formats. Gateways expand networks but have drawbacks like inability to filter noise, slower transmission due to protocol conversion, and increased cost.
This document provides an overview of computer operation fundamentals including:
- Computer hardware components like the CPU, monitor, keyboard, and storage devices.
- How input is processed by the CPU and results in output which can be stored.
- Types of computer software like system software which includes the operating system and device drivers, and application software.
- System software functions like reading data, translating instructions, and controlling devices.
- Categories of application software for general purposes, specific purposes, and developer tools.
Network components include nodes, links, clients, servers, and other devices that connect and allow communication between systems. Key components discussed include network interface cards, hubs, bridges, routers, switches, gateways, and wireless devices. Various media are used to physically transmit data between nodes on a network.
The document discusses various aspects of requirements engineering including processes, techniques, challenges, and importance. It describes requirements elicitation, analysis, specification, validation, and management. Key points covered include feasibility studies, types of requirements, characteristics of good requirements, requirements traceability and evolution. Diagrams like use cases, activity diagrams and data flow diagrams are presented as examples of requirements specification outputs.
IoT Physical Servers and Cloud Offerings.pdfGVNSK Sravya
This document provides an overview of cloud computing and its relevance to IoT. It discusses various cloud storage models and APIs that enable communication with cloud services. It introduces the WAMP protocol for building publish-subscribe and RPC-based distributed apps for IoT. The document also covers using the Xively cloud platform and Django web framework for developing IoT apps. Key topics include cloud computing concepts, types of cloud services, advantages of cloud, and getting started with Django projects, apps, databases and models.
Rajat Singla presented on computer hardware. He discussed that computer hardware includes components like the case, monitor, keyboard and mouse. He then explained the central processing unit, memory, storage devices, input devices and output devices that make up computer hardware. Storage devices store instructions and data and include magnetic and optical storage options.
Operating system 02 os as an extended machineVaibhav Khanna
Functions performed by the
operating systems:
Managing the hardware resources of the
computer
Providing the user-interface components
Providing a platform for software developers
to write applications
The document outlines the schedule and resources for a Network Technology postgraduate module. It includes 1 hour of lectures and 3 hours of lab sessions/tutorials per week. Assessments are scheduled for January and May 2013, and students can confirm dates via the university account. Additional resources are available at a provided web link. The module objectives are to understand how networks impact daily life, identify network components, opportunities/challenges of converged networks, and characteristics of network architectures like fault tolerance, scalability, quality of service and security.
The document outlines the process for developing a MapReduce application including:
1) Writing map and reduce functions with unit tests, then a driver program to run on test data.
2) Running the program on a cluster with the full dataset and fixing issues.
3) Tuning the program for performance after it is working correctly.
The document provides an introduction to software engineering. It defines software and discusses the costs associated with software development and maintenance. It then covers various software engineering topics like processes, models, techniques and challenges. Specific topics covered include the waterfall model, rapid development approaches, prototyping, iterative development, reuse-oriented engineering and the impact of the web on software engineering. Case studies and examples are also provided to illustrate different types of software systems.
This chapter provides an introduction to personal computers. It outlines the chapter objectives which include explaining industry certifications and describing the various internal and external computer components. The chapter contents are overviewed, including potential misconceptions. Additional resources for instructors are also listed.
The document provides an introduction to the basic components of a personal computer system, including hardware and software. It describes the main hardware components such as the computer case, power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, storage devices, ports, and cables. The case protects internal components and needs to provide sufficient cooling. The power supply converts AC to DC power. The motherboard contains the CPU, memory, expansion slots, and connectors. Software includes the operating system and applications.
The document discusses various computer hardware components. It describes that a computer system consists of hardware like the case, storage drives, and peripherals. The hardware components include the computer case, power supply, motherboard, CPU, cooling systems, memory, and adapter cards. The case contains the internal components and comes in different form factors. The power supply provides power to the components.
This document provides an overview of personal computer components and certifications for IT technicians. It describes the CompTIA A+ and EUCIP IT Administrator certifications and their focus areas. The basic components of a personal computer are explained, including the computer case, power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, storage, ports, cables, cooling systems, and input/output devices. Characteristics of each component are defined, along with considerations for component selection and compatibility.
This document outlines an introduction to computer basics laboratory course. The course covers topics including hardware components, operating systems, networking, software, and applications like Matlab, Excel, Word and PowerPoint. Students will learn to assemble a computer from scratch. Assessment includes projects, reports, quizzes and a final practical exam. References provided include online courses and guides about hardware, operating systems and software. The objectives are to understand computer architecture, install operating systems, install and manage software, understand networking basics, and learn applications like Matlab, Excel, Word and PowerPoint.
This document discusses the components of a personal computer system including the case, power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, storage, ports, and peripherals. It covers topics like form factors, voltages/currents, cooling systems, and specialized computer configurations. The objectives are to identify PC components, explain considerations for selecting them, and describe configurations for specialized systems.
This document provides an overview of the key components and concepts related to personal computer hardware and software. It discusses IT certifications like CompTIA A+ and describes the basic components of a computer system, including the case, motherboard, CPU, memory, storage, ports, cables, power supply, cooling systems, and expansion cards. The roles and characteristics of these various internal and external components are explained.
The motherboard holds many important computer components and determines the layout and size of the system. Common form factors include ATX, LPX, and NLX. The CPU executes instructions to carry out programs and its speed is measured in GHz. RAM allows data to be accessed quickly and comes in types like SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM, and DDR SDRAM. The power supply provides power to all components in regulated voltages of 3.3v, 5v, and 12v.
IT Essentials version 5.0 Presentation Lecturescrestjin03
Information Technology encompasses the use of computers, network hardware, and software to process, store, transmit, and retrieve information.
A personal computer system consists of hardware components and software applications.
The computer case and power supply must be chosen carefully to support the hardware inside the case and allow for the addition of components.
The internal components of a computer are selected for specific features and functions. All internal components must be compatible with the motherboard.
This section guides you on your first steps of the journey through the IT Essentials course and you will often encounter terms and concepts introduced here throughout the course.
The document discusses various components of a computer system. It describes the CPU and its role in executing programs and controlling instruction flow. It then discusses CPU errors and the recovery process. It explains memory, hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, the motherboard and its various connections and components including the northbridge, southbridge, power supply, connectors, PCI slots, and DRAM memory slots. It provides details on the functions of these various computer hardware components.
The document discusses the components of a computer hardware system. It is divided into three main sections: processing, storage, and input/output. The processing section focuses on the central processing unit (CPU) and its components. The CPU contains an arithmetic logic unit, control unit, registers, cache memory, and other parts. It executes instructions by performing calculations with data from memory and storage. The motherboard is also described as the main circuit board that connects and allows communication between all the internal computer components.
This document provides guidelines for assembling a PC, including safety and handling instructions. It discusses the main components needed - cases, motherboards, processors, memory, adapter cards, disk drives and ports. It describes motherboard components like I/O ports, power connectors, memory slots and chipsets. It also covers microprocessors from Intel and AMD as well as memory types like DRAM, SDRAM and DDR. Video cards and their PCI and AGP formats are briefly outlined.
The motherboard connects the central components of a computer including the CPU, RAM, disk drives, and ports. RAM is the computer's short-term memory where data is temporarily stored and accessed randomly, while ROM is non-volatile memory that stores essential firmware. The CPU carries out computer programs' instructions to perform basic operations. A power supply converts incoming energy into electrical energy to power the computer's components.
Chapter 1 Intro to the PCS (3) - edited.pptxlokesh437798
This document provides information about computer hardware components. It discusses various types of computer cables and their uses for connecting devices. It also covers different types of computer power supplies, including AT, ATX, and ATX-2 power supplies. The document describes the internal components of a computer, such as the motherboard, CPU, cooling systems, memory, and storage drives. It provides details on each of these components and their functions within the computer system.
This document outlines chapters from a computer hardware manual for A+ certification students. Chapter 1 discusses PC components, describing the basic parts of a computer system including cases, power supplies, internal components, ports, cables, input/output devices and system resources. It also explains IT industry certifications. Chapter 2 covers safe working procedures and tools for working with computer components. Chapter 3 describes the steps for assembling a computer, including installing components, connecting cables, and booting the system.
The document provides an overview of basic hardware and software concepts, including:
1) It describes digital and analog devices, and gives examples of each. Digital devices use discrete data while analog operates on continuously varying data.
2) The main components of a computer are described as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input devices, and output devices. Examples of each type of device are provided.
3) Different types of computer platforms, operating systems, and issues of compatibility across platforms are discussed. Understanding which platform a computer uses is important for purchasing software.
The document provides an overview of hardware and software basics, describing key components of computers including digital and analog devices, computer hardware such as the CPU and memory, storage technologies, input and output devices, networks, operating systems, application software, programming languages, and instructional support technologies. It compares and contrasts different types of hardware and software and discusses tradeoffs between options like speed vs cost and capacity vs cost.
The document provides an overview of basic hardware and software concepts, including:
1) It describes digital and analog devices, and gives examples of each.
2) It lists and explains common computer hardware components like the CPU, memory, storage devices, input devices, and output devices.
3) It discusses different types of storage technology, operating systems, and computer platforms.
4) It introduces basic network concepts like LANs, WANs, servers, and protocols.
The document provides an overview of hardware and software basics, describing key components of computers including digital and analog devices, computer hardware such as the CPU and memory, storage technologies, input and output devices, networks, operating systems, application software, programming languages, and instructional support technologies. It compares and contrasts different types of hardware and software and discusses tradeoffs between options like speed versus cost and capacity versus cost.
Similar to SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITY (20)
The document provides details about the computer science course and department at an affiliated university. The 3 year course is offered full time and students with a higher secondary/intermediate science degree or equivalent are eligible. The department has 6 faculty members with PhDs or Master's degrees listed. It has well equipped classrooms, library, labs, and seminar hall to support the program. Graduates have a wide range of job prospects as software engineers, developers, architects and more with top recruiters paying salaries from 3-22 lakhs annually.
The document is the agenda for a National Science Day seminar organized by the Computer Science Department of Government Arts and Science College in Pennagaram on February 28, 2023. It consists of 5 rounds of multiple choice questions covering topics in computer science such as computer pioneers, hardware, programming, operating systems, and applications.
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITYGOKUL SREE
This document discusses laptops and portable devices. It begins by defining notebooks, laptops, and tablets as portable computers. It then covers common uses of laptops and PDAs/smartphones. The document goes on to describe the components of laptops, both internal and external. It also discusses configuring and troubleshooting laptops, as well as preventative maintenance and optimal operating environments for laptops.
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITYGOKUL SREE
The document provides details about operating systems, including their purpose, functions, components, and installation process. It discusses how operating systems control hardware access, manage files and folders, provide user interfaces, and manage applications. It also covers different types of operating systems, modes of operation, desktop vs. network operating systems, and how to determine the proper operating system for a customer's needs. The installation process discussed includes preparing the hard drive, installing the OS, creating user accounts, and completing the setup.
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITYGOKUL SREE
The document provides steps for computer assembly including preparing the workspace, installing components like the power supply, motherboard, CPU, RAM, drives, adapter cards, and connecting internal and external cables. It describes ensuring proper cooling for the CPU, installing the operating system, using BIOS, identifying issues through beep codes or Windows error logs, and following preventative maintenance practices to reduce downtime. The purpose is to guide technicians through computer assembly and troubleshooting processes in a logical, methodical manner.
This document contains source code for a student information web application with pages for login, new admission, modifying records, and deleting records. The code uses ADO.NET to connect to a SQL Server database and perform CRUD operations like selecting, inserting, updating, and deleting student records based on inputs from text boxes on the different pages. Connections are established to a local SQL Server Express database file and queries use parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks.
This document contains source code for an online banking system with pages for registration, login, deposit, withdrawal, and fund transfer. The registration page inserts user details into a database table. The login page authenticates users by counting rows matching the username and password and redirecting to other pages. The deposit, withdrawal, and fund transfer pages update customer balances in the database table by adding, subtracting, or transferring amounts between accounts.
This document contains code for several pages of an online shopping website:
- The MasterPage handles navigation between pages through image button clicks.
- The Registration page inserts user registration details into a database table upon button click.
- The Login page authenticates users by checking the username and password against the registration table and directs to the product page or displays an error.
- The Product page adds selected products to the cart table in the database when image buttons are clicked and displays success messages.
This code uses Microsoft Office interop to programmatically interact with Excel from a .NET application. It creates a new Excel workbook and worksheet, populates the worksheet with values or strings in a 5x5 range, then displays the workbook. It also includes code to read the values of a range into an array and display the array values in a message box.
This document contains Microsoft Word source code that generates a Word document programmatically. The code adds headings, paragraphs of text, tables with multiple rows and columns, page breaks, and embeds a line chart. It demonstrates how to programmatically format text, insert elements, size objects, and more using the Word object model from within a .NET application.
This code defines a drawing application that allows users to draw various shapes and lines on a picture box. It imports drawing-related namespaces and defines a pen and graphics object. Buttons trigger handlers to draw lines, ellipses, rectangles, arcs, pies, polygons, beziers, and clear the picture box using the graphics object.
This document contains the source code for a basic calculator application. It defines variables to store calculation values and buttons for numbers and operations. Methods handle button clicks to perform calculations by evaluating values, operators, and results and updating the display. The code allows users to enter values, select operators, and see calculation results displayed.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE NOTES PERIYAR UNIVERSITY
1. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
UNIT 1:
Introduction to the Personal Computer
Information Technology (IT)
The design, development, implementation, support, and management of computer
hardware and software applications
And IT professional is knowledgeable about computer systems and operating systems.
This chapter will review IT certifications and the components of a basic personal
computer system.
IT Technician
Has specialized skills to install, maintain, and repair computers
Computers include desktop, laptop, and personal electronic devices
Education and Certification
A successful IT technician has training and experience in the following:
o Personal computers, printers,
o scanners, and laptop computersSafe lab procedures
o Troubleshooting
o Operating systems
o Networks
o Security
o Communication skills
Industry standard certification:
CompTIA A+
European Certification of Informatics Professional (EUCIP) IT Administrator
Certification (Modules 1 –3)
CompTIA A+ Certification
An A+ Certification candidate must pass two exams:
o CompTIA A+ Essentials (220-601)
Covers the basic skills needed to install, build, upgrade, repair, configure, troubleshoot,
optimize, diagnose, and maintain basic personal computer hardware and operating systems
o The second advanced exam depends on the type of certification desired:
IT Technician (220-602)
Remote Support Technician (220-603)
Depot Technician (220-604)
2. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
EUCIP IT Administrator Certification
.Covers the standards prescribed by the Council of European Professional Informatics
Societies (CEPIS)
Consists of five exams:
o Module 1: Computer Hardware
o Module 2: Operating Systems
o Module 3: Local Area Network and Network Services
o Module 4: Expert Network Use
o Module 5: IT Security
EUCIP IT Administrator Certification
Modules 1-3 covered in this course:
o Module 1: Computer Hardware includes the functions of the components of a personal
computer, diagnosis and repair of hardware problems, and selection and recommendation
of appropriate hardware
o Module 2: Operating Systems Includes installing and updating most common operating
systems and applications and using system tools for troubleshooting and repairing
operating systems
o Module 3: Local Area Network and Network Services Includes installing, using, and
managing local area networks, adding and removing users and shared resources, and
using system tools to repair problems
Basic Personal Computer System
A computer system consists of hardware and software components.
Hardware is the physical equipment such as the case, storage drives, keyboards,
monitors, cables, speakers, and printers.
Software is the operating system and programs.
o The operating system instructs the computer how to operate.
o Programs or applications perform different functions.
Computer Cases and Power Supplies
Computer case
It Provides protection and support for internal components. Should be durable, easy to
service, and have enough room for expansion
Power supply
Converts AC power from the wall socket into DC
Must provide enough power for the installed components and future additions
3. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Purposes& Characteristics of Cases
Contain the framework to support and enclose internal components of the computer
o Typically made of plastic, steel, and aluminum
o Available in a variety of styles
o .The size and layout of a case is called a form factor
o Designed to keep internal components cool
o Helps to prevent damage from static electricity
Case Selection
Power Supplies
The power supply converts alternating-current (AC) power coming from a wall outlet
into direct-current (DC) power, which is a lower voltage.
DC power is required for all of the components inside the computer.
Cables, connectors, and components are designed to fit together snugly. Never force any
connector or component.
4. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Four Basic Units of Electricity
Voltage (V) is a measure of the force required to push electrons through a circuit.
Voltage is measured in volts. A computer power supply usually produces several
different voltages.
Current (I) is a measure of the amount of electrons going through a circuit. Current is
measured in amperes, or amps (A). Computer power supplies deliver different amperages
for each output voltage.
Power (P) is voltage multiplied by current. The measurement is called watts (W).
Computer power supplies are rated in watts.
Resistance (R) is the opposition to the flow of current in a circuit. Resistance is
measured in ohms. Lower resistance allows more current to flow through a circuit.
Power Supplies CAUTION: Do not open a power supply. Electronic capacitors located
inside of a power supply can hold a charge for extended periods of time.
Internal Components
Motherboards
The main printed circuit board.
Contains the buses, or electrical pathways found in a computer. Buses allow data to travel
among the various components.
Also known as the system board, the backplane, or the main board.
Accommodates CPU, RAM, expansion slots, heat sink/fan assembly, BIOS chip, chip
set, sockets, internal and external connectors, various ports, and the embedded wires that
interconnect the motherboard components.
Motherboard Form Factors
The form factor of motherboards pertains to the size and shape of the board.
It also describes the physical layout of the different components and devices on the
motherboard.
5. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Various form factors exist for motherboards.
o AT –Advanced Technology
o ATX –Advanced Technology Extended
o Mini-ATX –Smaller footprint of ATX
o Micro-ATX –Smaller footprint of ATX
o LPX –Low-profile Extended
o NLX –New Low-profile Extended
o BTX –Balanced Technology Extended
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Known as the brain of the computer. Also referred to as the processor.
Most important element of a computer system.
Executes a program, which is a sequence of stored instructions.
Two major CPU architectures related to instruction sets:
o Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
o Complex Instruction Set Computer(CISC)
To an operating system, a single CPU with hyper threading appears to be two CPUs.
The wider the processor data bus width, the more powerful the processor. Current
processors have a 32-bit or a 64-bit processor data bus.
Over clocking is a technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its
original specification.
MMX enabled microprocessors can handle many common multimedia operations that are
normally handled by a separate sound or video card.
The latest processor technology has resulted in CPU manufacturers finding ways to
incorporate more than one CPU core onto a single chip.
Single core CPU and Dual core CPU
Cooling Systems
Electronic components generate heat. Too much heat can damage components.
A case fan makes the cooling process more efficient.
A heat sink draws heat away from the core of the CPU. A fan on top of the heat sink
moves the heat away from the CPU.
Fans are dedicated to cool the Graphics-processing unit (GPU).
6. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Read-only Memory (ROM)
Basic instructions for booting the computer and loading the operating system are stored
in ROM.
Random-access Memory (RAM)
Temporary storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU
Volatile memory, which means that the contents are erased when the computer is
powered off
More RAM means more capacity to hold and process large programs and files, as well as
enhance system performance.
Types of RAM:
o Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)
o Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)
o Fast Page Mode DRAM (FPM Memory)
o Extended Data Out RAM (EDO Memory)
o Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
o Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM)
o Double Data Rate 2 SDRAM (DDR2 SDRAM)
o RAM Bus DRAM (RDRAM)
7. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Memory Modules
Dual Inline Package (DIP) is an individual memory chip. A DIP had dual rows of pins
used to attach it to the motherboard.
Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM) is a small circuit board that holds several
memory chips. SIMMs have 30-pin and 72-pin configurations.
Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM) is a circuit board that holds SDRAM, DDR
SDRAM, and DDR2 SDRAM chips. There are 168-pin SDRAM DIMMs, 184-pin DDR
DIMMs, and 240-pin DDR2 DIMMs.
RAM Bus Inline Memory Module (RIMM) is a circuit board that holds RDRAM chips.
A typical RIMM has a 184-pin configuration.
Cache and Error Checking
Cache
SRAM is used as cache memory to store the most frequently used data.
SRAM provides the processor with faster access to the data than retrieving it from the
slower DRAM, or main memory.
Error Checking
Memory errors occur when the data is not stored correctly in the RAM chips.
The computer uses different methods to detect and correct data errors in memory.
Adapter Cards
Increase the functionality of a computer by adding controllers for specific devices or by
replacing malfunctioning ports.
Examples of adapter cards:
o Sound adapter and video adapter USB, parallel, and serial ports RAID
adapter and SCSI adapter Network Interface Card (NIC), wireless NIC, and
modem adapter
Types of expansion slots:
o Industry Standard Architecture (ISA)
o Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA)
o Micro channel Architecture (MCA)
o Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
o Advanced Graphics Port (AGP)
o PCI-Express
8. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Hard Drives and Floppy Drives
Reads or writes information to magnetic or optical storage media
May be fixed or removable
The hard disk drive (HDD) is a magnetic storage device installed inside the computer.
The storage capacity is measured in gigabytes (GB).
A floppy disk drive (FDD) is storage device that uses removable 3.5 inch floppy disks
that can store 1.44 MB of data.
Optical Drives and Flash Drives
An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media. The
two types are CD and DVD.
A flash drive is a removable storage device that connects to a USB port. A flash drive
uses a type of memory that requires no power to maintain the data.
Some common drive interfaces:
o Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)
o Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE)
o Parallel ATA (PATA)
o Serial ATA (SATA)
o Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
Internal Cables
Data cables connect drives to the drive controller, which is located on an adapter card or
on the motherboard.
Floppy disk drive (FDD) data cable
PATA (IDE) data cable
PATA (EIDE) data cable
SATA data cable
SCSI data cable
Serial Ports and Cables
A serial port can be either a DB-9, as shown, or a DB-25 male connector.
Serial ports transmit one bit of data at a time.
9. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
To connect a serial device, such as a modem or printer, a serial cable must be used.
A serial cable has a maximum length of 50 feet (15.2 m).
USB Ports and Cables
USB is a standard interface for connecting peripheral devices to a computer.
USB devices are hot-swappable.
USB ports are found on computers, cameras, printers, scanners, storage devices, and
many other electronic devices.
A single USB port in a computer can support up to 127 separate devices with the use of
multiple USB hubs.
Some devices can also be powered through the USB port, eliminating the need for an
external power source.
FireWire Ports and Cables
FireWire is a high-speed, hot-swappable interface.
A single FireWire port in a computer can support up to 63 devices.
Some devices can also be powered through the FireWire port, eliminating the need for an
external power source.
The IEEE 1394a standard supports data rates up to 400 Mbps and cable lengths up to 15
feet (4.5 m). This standard uses a 6-pin connector or a 4-pin connector.
10. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
The IEEE 1394b standard supports data rates in excess of 800 Mbps and uses a 9-pin
connector.
Parallel Ports and Cables
Parallel ports can transmit 8 bits of data at one time and use the IEEE 1284 standard.
To connect a parallel device, such as a printer, a parallel cable must be used. .A parallel
cable has a maximum length of 15 feet (4.5 m).
SCSI Ports and Cables
A SCSI port can transmit data at rates in excess of 320 Mbps and can support up to 15
devices.
Three different types of SCSI ports:
o DB-25 female connector
o High-density 50-pin female connector
o High-density 68-pin female connector
NOTE: SCSI devices must be terminated at the endpoints of the SCSI chain. Check the
device manual for termination procedures.
CAUTION: Some SCSI connectors resemble parallel connectors. The voltage used in
the SCSI format may damage the parallel interface.
11. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Network Ports and Cables
A network port, also known as an RJ-45 port, connects a computer to a network.
o Standard Ethernet can transmit up to 10 Mbps.
o Fast Ethernet can transmit up to 100 Mbps.
o Gigabit Ethernet can transmit up to 1000 Mbps.
o The maximum length of network cable is 328 feet (100 m).
PS/2 Ports and Audio Ports
A PS/2 port connects a keyboard or a mouse to a computer.
o The PS/2 port is a 6-pin mini-DIN female connector.
o Line In connects to an external source
o Microphone In connects to a microphone
o Line Out connects to speakers or headphones
o Game port/MIDI connects to a joystick or MIDI-interfaced device
Video Ports
A video port connects a monitor cable to a computer.
o Video Graphics Array (VGA)
o Digital Visual Interface (DVI)
o High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMi)
o S-Video
o Component/RGB
Input Devices
Input devices used to enter data or instructions into a computer:
o Mouse and Keyboard
o Digital camera and digital video camera
o Biometric authentication device
o Touch screen
o Scanner
o Fingerprint scanner
o Digital camera
12. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Monitors and Projectors
The most important difference between these monitor types is the technology used to
create an image:
o Cathode-ray tube (CRT) monitor is the most common monitor type. Most
televisions also use this technology.
o Liquid crystal display (LCD) is commonly used in laptops and some projectors
LCD comes in two forms, active matrix and passive matrix.
o Digital light processing (DLP) is another technology used in projectors.
Other Output Devices
Printers, Scanners, and Fax Machines -Printers are output devices that create hard
copies of computer files. Other all-in-one type printers are designed to provide multiple
services such as printing, fax, and copier functions.
Speakers and headphones are output devices for audio signals. Most computers have
audio support either integrated into the motherboard or on an adapter card. Audio support
includes ports that allow input and output of audio signals.
Safe Lab Procedures and Tool Use
Safe Working Conditions and Procedures
The workplace should have safety guidelines to follow to:
o Protect people from injury.
o Protect equipment from damage
o Protect the environment from contamination
Recognize Safe Working Conditions
Some things to look for:
o Clean, organized, and properly lit workspace
o Proper procedures for handling equipment.
o Proper disposal or recycling of components containing hazardous materials
13. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
General Safety Guidelines
Most companies require reporting any injuries, including description of safety procedures
not followed.
Damage to equipment may result in claims for damages from the customer.
CAUTION: Power supplies and monitors contain very high voltage. Do not wear the
antistatic wrist strap when repairing power supplies or monitors. .
CAUTION: Some printer parts may become very hot when in use and other parts may
contain very high voltages.
Fire Safety Guidelines
Have a fire plan before you begin work:
o Know the location of fire extinguishers, how to use them, and which to use for
electrical fires and for combustible fires
o Have an escape route in case a fire gets out of control
o Know how to contact emergency services quickly
o Keep the workspace clean
o Keep most solvents in a separate area
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
Static electricity is the buildup of an electric charge resting on a surface. This buildup
may zap a component and cause damage.
At least 3,000 volts of static electricity must build up before a person can feel ESD, but
less than 30 volts of static electricity can damage a computer component.
Preventing ESD Damage
Use antistatic bags to store components
Use grounded mats on workbenches
Use grounded floor mats in work areas
Use antistatic wrist straps when working on computers
Power Fluctuation
AC power fluctuations can cause data loss or hardware failure:
o Blackouts, brownouts, noise, spikes, power surges
To help shield against power fluctuation issues, use power protection devices to protect
the data and computer equipment:
o Surge suppressors
o UPS
o SPS
14. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
CAUTION: Never plug a printer into a UPS device. UPS manufacturers suggest not plugging a
printer into a UPS for fear of burning up the printer motor.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
The name of the material
The physical properties of the material
Any hazardous ingredients contained in the material
Reactivity data, such as fire and explosion data
Special protection requirements
Procedures for spills or leaks
Special precautions.
Health hazards
Proper Disposal
Batteries from portable computer systems may contain lead, cadmium, lithium, alkaline
manganese, and mercury. Recycling batteries should be a standard practice for a
technician.
Monitors contain up to 4 pounds of lead, as well as rare earth metals. Monitors must be
disposed of in compliance with environmental regulations.
Used printer toner kits and printer cartridges must be disposed of properly or recycled.
Contact the local sanitation company to learn how and where to dispose of the
chemicals and solvents used to clean computers.
Tools and Software used with PC components
Tools for the Job
Skilled use of tools and software makes the job less difficult and ensures that tasks are
performed properly and safely.
ESD Tools
antistatic wrist strap, mat
Hand Tools
screwdrivers, needle-nose pliers
. Cleaning Tools
soft cloth, compressed air can
15. VG-PRUCAS PENNAGARAM
Diagnostic Tools
digital multimeter, loopback adapter
Software Tools
Disk management tools
o Fdisk -create and delete disk partitions
o Format - prepare a hard drive prior to use
o Scandisk or Chkdsk - check for physical errors on the disk surface
o Defrag -optimize use of space on a disk
o Disk Cleanup - remove unused files
o Disk Management -creates partitions and formats disks (GUI interface)
o System File Checker (SFC) – scans the operating systemcritical files and replaces
any files that are corrupt
Organizational Tools
Personal reference tools
o Notes, journal, history of repairs
Internet reference tools
o Search engines, news groups, manufacturer FAQs, online computer manuals,
online forums and chats, technical websites
Miscellaneous tools
o Spare parts, a working laptop