PPT on Basic of Gateway
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A gateway is a network element that connects two different networks, even if they use different protocols. It allows communication by stripping off the old protocol and assigning a new protocol. There are two main types of gateways: transport gateways connect networks using different transport protocols, while application gateways can translate between application-layer formats. Gateways expand networks but have drawbacks like inability to filter noise, slower transmission due to protocol conversion, and increased cost.
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Computer networking involves connecting computing devices together to share data. It uses both hardware and software. There are different types of computer networks classified by their geographic reach, such as local area networks (LANs) within a single building and wide area networks (WANs) spanning cities or countries. Basic network designs are client-server, with centralized server computers accessed by client devices, and peer-to-peer where all devices have equal functions. Common network devices include switches, hubs, routers, gateways, and bridges which help direct data traffic and establish connections within and between networks. TCP/IP is a fundamental communications protocol used to connect devices on the internet and private networks.
Networking devices
Networking devices like repeaters, hubs, bridges, routers, switches, and gateways are used to connect nodes and networks. Repeaters extend network distance by boosting signals. Hubs connect workstations into a LAN by resending data frames to all ports. Bridges are more intelligent repeaters that examine MAC addresses to form tables. Routers operate at the network layer, can connect similar and dissimilar networks, and determine the shortest route between destinations. Switches form dedicated connections between ports like bridges but have multiple ports. Gateways link all seven layers of the OSI model when networks differ at any layer, primarily handling email protocols.
Network switches, functions & role in networks
A network switch connects multiple computers together on a local area network (LAN) and operates at the data link layer of the OSI model. It receives messages and transmits them only to the intended device, unlike a hub. Switches create separate collision domains to allow connected devices to transfer data simultaneously without interference. They can operate at different layers, with layer 3 switches having additional routing capabilities. Switches establish network connectivity and performance within a LAN.
5 Lan
A LAN is a high-speed network covering a small geographic area that connects devices like computers and printers. It allows shared access to devices, file sharing, and communication via email. LANs use protocols like Ethernet and Token Ring and media access methods like CSMA/CD and token passing to allow devices to communicate on the shared network medium. Common LAN devices include hubs, switches, bridges, and routers that operate at the data link layer and network layer to connect, segment, and route traffic between LAN segments.
Protocols and standards
This document discusses various networking protocols and network connection types. It begins by defining protocols and their role in governing network communication. It then describes common protocols like TCP, IP, UDP, HTTP and others. It explains the differences between connection-oriented protocols like TCP that establish connections, and connectionless protocols like UDP that do not. Finally, it discusses common network devices like hubs, switches, routers, and their functions.
W14webposter
Firewall software controls connections between an internal computer network and external networks by filtering packet and application data. Firewalls can operate at different layers, with packet filters at the network and transport layers, circuit gateways at the transport layer, and application gateways at the application layer. The FTP protocol is used to transfer files between a client and server over a network, and is commonly used to upload web pages and files to a server or download files from an FTP server. Routers interconnect different networks and exchange IP packets between networks at the network layer, while also providing additional functions.
Networkswitch
A network switch is a device used to connect network segments or network devices.Network switch receive messages and send them to the targeted audience.It is a telecommunication device that uses the packet switching to receive,process and forward data to the destination address.
Devices use in computer networking
Networking devices include hubs, switches, bridges, routers, brouters, gateways, network cards, and modems. Hubs connect devices physically and transmit all data to all ports. Switches only transmit data to the destination port by learning MAC addresses. Bridges connect different networks that use the same protocol at the data link layer. Routers process IP addresses and connect dissimilar networks. Brouters have the combined functionality of bridges and routers. Gateways connect multiple networks and pass packets between them. Network cards connect computers to networks. Modems convert digital signals to analog for transmission over phone lines.
Networking
This document provides information about computer networking including definitions, components, types, and concepts. It defines a computer network as two or more connected computers that allow people to share files, printers, and other resources. There are two main types of networks based on architecture: client-server networks with a dedicated server and peer-to-peer networks without hierarchy. Other key topics covered include network topologies (bus, star, ring, etc.), transmission media (guided, unguided), protocols, and modes of communication (simplex, half-duplex, full-duplex).
Router bridge
Router Bridge Switch & Co. is a company founded in 2001 that researches networking devices. The document defines and describes routers, bridges, gateways, hubs, switches, and circuit switching versus packet switching. It also covers asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), a dedicated connection switching technology used to organize and transmit digital data.
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A computer network allows two or more computers to exchange information through a connection like copper wires or radio links. It can include personal computers or large mainframes located anywhere in the world. Computer networks enable file sharing, resource sharing like printers, and communication between users through email and instant messages. They come in different sizes like LANs, MANs, and WANs based on the area covered and use different connection types and topologies. Common network devices include hubs, repeaters, bridges, routers, and gateways that help connect and manage the flow of data between multiple networks.
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PPT on Basic of Gateway
- 3. Definition… A gateway is a network element that acts as an entrance point to another network. For example an access gateway is a gateway between telephony network and other network such as internet. A gateway is generally a work station or server. It is a two-way path between networks. It is used to connect different types of networks. Gateway is a work station by which we can make out connection between external network and internal network. Gateway belongs to transport layer and application layer of the OSI model.
- 4. Working… Gateways connect the two networks even if the protocols are different. So protocol conversion is also done by gateways It simply stripped off the old protocol and assigns new protocol to the packets, so it is also called protocol translator Gateways are the simple junctions between two network architectures. They repackage and convert data going from one environment to another so that one environment can understand the other environments data A gateway links two systems which have different communication protocols, different language and different architecture
- 5. Gateways never filter out the data. So it passes bad packets too. Gateways are task specific. So they are dedicated to a particular type of transfer. They often referred to by their particular task name. Example:- Windows NT server to SNA gateway. LANs may have component called gateways, which assists in transferring from one LAN to another LAN. Because it takes it time for protocol conversion, it is little bit slower.
- 6. Types… Basically there are two types of gateways (1) Transport gateway and (2) application gateway. The former is for transport layer and the later is for application layer. TRANSPORT GATEWAY Transport gateways connect two computers that use different connection oriented transport protocol. It can copy the packets to one connection to other, reformatting them as need be. Application Gateway Application gateways understand the format and contents of the data and translate messages from one form to another e.g. an e-mail gateway could translate internet messages to an SMS messages on mobile phone. So it identifies the actual meaning of data.
- 7. Benefits of GATEWAY… Used to expand the network. Gateway is a server so it provides some security. We can connect two different types of networks. Protocol conversion is done. Effectively handles the traffic problems. And also establishes connections between internal network and external network.
- 8. Drawback of GATEWAY… Not an intelligent device. So noise prevention is not done. Never filter out the data Some what costly Protocol conversion is done so transmission rate is slower. Some what hard to handle.