All basics about synthetic fibers and different types of synthetic fibers & characteristics of each synthetic fibers we are using in our day today life .
3. INTRODUCTION
Fabrics made from fibers Natural / Artificial sources.
Natural fibers – Obtained from Nature.
Synthetic fibers - Obtained from Chemicals.
4. SYNTHETIC FIBERS
۞Synthetic Fiber Fibers made by humans
through chemical synthesis.
۞Also known as man-made fibers.
۞Consist of polymer {a chain of many small repeated
subunits (monomers)}.
5.
6. ۞Raw material used – Petrochemicals
{obtained from petroleum and natural gas}
۞Synthetic fibers are more in length & long
lasting.
8. 1. Rayon
Synthetic fiber obtained from wood pulp (naturally occurring cellulose).
Also known as artificial silk.
Rayon is semisynthetic fiber.
Rayon fabric is soft, absorbent & comfortable.
Easy to dye in a wide range of colours.
Rayon is mixed with cotton to make bedsheets.
Rayon is mixed with wool to make carpets.
Rayon fiber
9. 2. Nylon
First synthetic made entirely from chemicals.
Made of coal, water & air.
Nylon is strong, easy to wash & elastic.
Dries quickly & wrinkle resistant.
Application - seat belts of car, sleeping bags, socks, ropes (rock climbing,
making parachutes & fishing nets).
Nylon fiber
11. 3. Polyester
Polyester is made from repeating units of a chemical - Esters.
Made of coal, water, air & petroleum.
Easy to wash , remains wrinkle-free & strong.
Polyester retains its shape , remains crisp.
Suitable for dress material.
Types – PET & Terylene
Used in making ropes, nets, raincoats, jackets, etc.
Polyester fiber
12.
13. 4. Acrylic
Light weight, soft & warm like wool.
Also known as artificial wool.
Made of polyacrylonitrile.
Wrinkle resistant & doesn’t shrink.
Low cost than wool.
Easy to dye in wide range of colours.
Acrylic fiber
15. Summary
• Synthetic fibres are made of very large units called polymers.
• Synthetic fibres are obtained from chemical processing of
petrochemicals.
• Rayon, Nylon , Polyester & Acrylic are different type of synthetic
fibres.
• Types of polyester – PET & Terylene.