This document provides a synopsis of a final year project that monitors energy consumption in university hostels. The project uses an Android application and Raspberry Pi to measure energy parameters like voltage and current. This allows users to view consumption data and remotely trip the hostel's energy if irregularities are detected. It aims to efficiently manage energy usage in the hostels through automated monitoring and control of appliances.

1. Monitoring Energy Consumption Patterns In
University Hostels
Mudasser Rahim 2013-EE-36
Malik Muhammad Zaid 2013-EE-37
Muhammad Zeeshan Joiya 2013-EE-93
Muhammad Nauman 2012-EE-155
05/17/2016

2. Abstract
Now a days in our environment large amount of irregularity of energy con-
sumption occurs in university hostels . This project deals with the manage-
ment of energy in university hostels via an Android app. The main objective
is to show all the energy consumption parameters on android app and to trip
the university hostels energy via android app if there will be any irregularity
of energy consumption is going to be occuring in hostels. The communication
has been done through LAN , while a secure connection using SSH is used
for assigning an IP address to the Raspberry-pi. Through this android app
we can trip energy of hostels from anywhere in the country just by using our
android mobile app.Basically the hardware module has a relay control . The
instrumentation module senses the voltage and current of the connected load
and uses an ADC to provide the feedback. The Android application displays
the current status of hostels, along with switching and intensity controls. The
designed system has a relatively low cost design, a user friendly interface and
provides an ease of installation.

3. Contents
1 1
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Project Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.1 Working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 Aims and objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5 Practical work done . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.6 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.7 Project Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.8 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.9 Project Implementation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.10 Technical Details of Final Deliverable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.11 Benefits of the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4. Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction
Now a days, most of the people prefer to use highly efficient tools in order to
get their jobs done and they want to get rid of their conventional technologies
in order to meet their needs. Smart technology help them to transform
their dull and drab life by providing highly efficient ways of controlling. As
far as this project is concerned, it deals with the university hostels control
using smart technologies like Raspberry- Pi board and smart phone Android
Application wirelessly. This technology offers a high degree of convenience
for the commercial and domestic users. A smart phone having Android
application is used to send the commands to the Raspberry-Pi board through
Wi-Fi network or LAN. This board is connected to the relay control circuitry
and intensity control unit which are used for switching and controlling the
hostels respectively.Moreover, instrumentation module gets feedback from
the appliances and sends this feed back to Raspberry Pi using the ADC,
which then sends the data to the smart phone using the same network.This
feedback is used to display current energy consumption status of university
hostels.
The advantage of this controlling mechanism is that devices can be
controlled and monitored locally as well as globally.In local access mode,
appliances can be controlled using local area network while in global access
mode,controlling can be done from any location.
1.2 Motivation
Smart technology help people to transform their dull and drab life by provid-
ing highly efficient ways of controlling. As far as this project is concerned, it
1

5. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
deals with switching control and calculating parameters of three phase using
controllers and smart phone Android Application wirelessly.
As the automation uses the communication technology to control the
various appliances. The scope of this technique is diverse and has many appli-
cations in different fields in protection of expensive appliances and managing
load.
1.3 Project Summary
The Project is Based on ”Controlled Feedback System” implementing on
three phase A.C Mains of University Hostels.It consists of a Device Module
that measures all Three phase A.C parameters e.g Current , Voltage , Active
Power , Reactive Power etc and sends all the calculated parameters on the
Display Devices.Two LCD’s are being used as display devices , one of which
is attached with Measuring Module and the other one is the android display
on mobile.In this GSM MODULE is being used to transmit the data to the
android app.
The main controlling unit monitors the A.C parameters and compares
them with reference parameters.If any of these parameters exceeds its limit
it triggers the alarm on the mobile app showing which of these parameters
exceeds its level and may have caused a severe electrical damage.
The Project provides the user a freedom to turn off the A.C Mains via
interrupt button provided on android mobile app.It continuously alerts the
user about the exceeded parameter unless user presses the interrupt button.
If the user is not there to operate the button then before approaching to
damaging level the controlled system operates itself and terminates the A.C
Mains.
1.3.1 Working
A smart phone having Android application is used to send the commands to
the controller board through Wi-Fi network. This board is connected to the
control circuitry and intensity control unit which are used for switching and
controlling the appliances respectively. Moreover, instrumentation module
gets feedback from the appliances and sends this feedback to controller. This
feedback is used to display all the parameters
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6. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
A smart phone having an Android application is used to access the
controller board through the Wi-Fi network using Wi-Fi USB
3-phase Control
There are several ways to control the three phase device switching. Three
phase can be switched ON or OFF depending upon the condition to be met.
For switching purpose we need a switch. In electrical engineering, a switch
is an electrical component that can break and electrical circuit, interrupting
the current or diverting it from one conductor to another.
Different ways of controlling the appliances are described below.
• The mechanism of a switch may be operated directly by a human to con-
trol a circuit (for example, a light switch or a keyboard button). It is the
conventional way of controlling the appliances in which no communication is
needed to operate a switch.
• A switch that is operated by another electrical circuit is called a relay. By
having a means of communication such as GSM, WIFI, ZIGBEE, or BLUE-
TOOTH, any appliance can be switched using a relay through an electronic
device (for example, mobile, laptop, smart phone, PC, or tablet). It is the
modern way of controlling the appliances.
Wireless Networks
Wireless networking technologies benefit from the lack of cable installation
cost. Moreover, they are very useful in places where no wired network exists,
and where it would be impractical to use cables. Therefore, they fit well with
needs of mobile devices, in particular. In contrast, they are usually subject
to shorter range and lower bandwidth than wired counterparts. Addition-
ally, they do not provide power supply. Wireless networks can work with a
centralized access point that relays all the traffic.
Any one of them can be used as our wireless device
• WI-FI
• Bluetooth
• Wireless USB
• ZIGBEE
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7. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
1.4 Aims and objectives
The core objectives which have been designated as fundamental to the project
framework are
Measuring power flow through the system accurately
This involves installing appropriate electronics to acquire hard data in the
form of voltage and current values.
Extracting power-flow data from the system
The microcontroller is the hub here: it identifies and processes the data via
ADC.
Transmitting the extracted data to the backend
Data to be uploaded to the storage server via a communication module in-
terfaced with the controller.
Presenting the data on widely used software platforms
This task is purely software-based and comprises creating attractive user
interfaces (GUIs) on various popular user platforms.
Enabling remote switching
A dataflow scheme will be implemented to allow users to turn on/off con-
nected power loads remotely via the Internet.
In addition, the secondary (advanced) objectives which are desirable if
time is permitting are:
Allowing users to create and set custom user preferences to act as
triggers for actions
Along with the manual switching mechanism listed above, a method will be
created for users to generate their own custom rules for automated device
switching based on time and other variables.
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8. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
Data mining
Pattern analysis applied using supervised and unsupervised learning. This
is to enable the system to intelligently manage power usage according to
previous usage patterns, and hence conserve energy.
1.5 Practical work done
Voltage Measuring Module
To measure voltage, voltage sensor is required. The output of the sensor is
in analog form and an analog to digital converter (ADC) is required for con-
verting the analog signal into a digital one. For analog to digital conversion,
we are using the internal ADC of microcontroller.
Figure 1.1: Voltage Measuring Module
Current Measuring Module
To measure current, current sensor that is current transformer (CT) is re-
quired. The output of the CT is in analog form and an analog to digital
converter is required for converting analog signal into digital one. For analog
to digital conversion we are using internal ADC of microcontroller.
Figure 1.2: Current Measuring Module
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9. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
1.6 Block Diagram
Block diagram of project is as follow:
Figure 1.3: Block Diagram of Project
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10. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
1.7 Project Objectives
• Electrical Protection Both for the Appliances and Human Life.
• Used to turn off the A.C Mains from anywhere via mobile app.
• Used to switch the expensive machinery.
• Energy Consumption Management.
• Home Automation and Protect Electricity Stealing.
• This project deals with the control of three phase from a remote location,
via an Android app. The objective is to support the elderly, the disabled
and the ones who may forget to turn OFF the appliances, while being away.
• To develop an efficient appliances control mechanism.
• To sense all the parameters of three phase, protection of transformers and
reduction of their overloading conditions.
• To develop a smart phone based android application with hardware com-
munication Compatibility.
• To design an associated hardware system that provides the control of all
the parameters associated with 3 phase systems.
1.8 Advantages
• The Android application displays the current status of all parameters,
along with switching and intensity controls. The designed system has a rel-
atively low cost design, a user friendly interface and provides an ease of
installation.
• This technology offers a high degree of convenience for the office and do-
mestic users.
• The advantage of this controlling mechanism is that devices can be con-
trolled and monitored from anywhere.
1.9 Project Implementation Method
The controlling mechanism consists of two major portions.One is the mea-
surement of A.C parameters through Current Transformers and Potential
Transformers and other portion consists of a ”Microcontroller” that will mon-
itors instantaneous samples of parameters and send the data to the mobile
app.
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11. Synopsis of Final Year Project (FYP)
The data sending will be carried out by GSM module attached with
measuring device and displaying of data on the LCD linked with module as
well as sending of data on the mobile app.
The Controlling Button will be present in the mobile app. and this
button will give its response to the GSM Module and ultimately that GSM
gives its response to the Microcontroller that will Trigger the Microcontroller
to terminate the A.C supply Through Switching devices.
1.10 Technical Details of Final Deliverable
Finally, we will have a module box consisting of three input terminals and
three output terminals for the three phase along with LCD showing all the
measured parameters of the A.C mains.In the box module , fixed power
supply circuit will be present to power up the controller and the LCD and
it consists of PT’s , CT’s , switching devices , GSM Module and micro-
controller.Along with the box we’ll have and android mobile with the user
controller app.
1.11 Benefits of the Project
It have many benefits , some of these are as follows
• Automatic Switching of Transformers
• Automatic Switching of three phase appliances
• Home automation and prevention of Electricity Stealing
• Safety of Appliances and Human Life
• Acts as Automatic Switching i.e Circuit Breaker
• Even can be implied on a single phase appliances
• Display of Energy Consumption Pattern
• Can be used as energy and cost saving
• Can be used to avoid overloading
• Can be tripped via Internet connection
• Can be used as Electrical Protection
• Can be used to diagnose the Leakage Losses
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