The document discusses the concept of symbolism. A symbol represents something else and can take many forms, including objects, pictures, words, sounds, and numbers. Religious symbols as well as mathematical, political, and color symbols are described. Symbolism is commonly used in writing to provide additional layers of meaning beyond the literal elements of the story. Common examples of symbolism in literature are provided, such as conch shells representing order in Lord of the Flies and snakes representing evil in the Harry Potter series.