This document provides an overview of different types of poetry, including their definitions and examples. It begins by defining poetry as a type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story using specific forms like lines and stanzas. The document then discusses various types of poetry such as lyrical poems, sonnets, elegies, odes, epics, ballads, dramatic poems, haikus, limericks, and concrete poems. It also explains common poetry elements including mood, meter, rhyme, refrain, figures of speech, imagery, form, tone, and connotation/denotation. Examples are provided for each type and element of poetry discussed.

1. Poetr
y
English
Practicing
Teacher
By
Miss Carmelle Dawn
Laurente Vasay

2. What is a POETRY?
A type of literature
that expresses ideas,
feelings, or tells a
story in a specific
form (usually using
lines and stanzas)

3. LYRICal Narrative dramatic
Special
types
TYPES OF POETRY
SONNET
elegy
ode
epic
Ballad
Dramatic
monologue
soliloquy
oration
Haiku
Limerick
Name poem
free verse
concrete
poems

4. LYRICAL POEMS
Short poem (only a few lines, 1-2
stanzas)
Usually written in first person point of
view
Expresses an emotion or an idea, or
describes a scene
Does not tell a story and are often
musical
Many of the poems we read will be
lyrical

5. Sonnet
A poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic
pentameter (stress is on the 2nd,
4th, 6th, 8th and 10th syllables of
each line), restricted to a definite
rhyme scheme.

6. Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Admit impediments.
Love is not love which alters when it alteration finds,
Or bends with the remover to remove:
O no! it is an ever-fixed mark
That looks on tempests and is never shaken;
It is the star to every wandering bark,
Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.
Love's not time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks
Within his bending sickle's compass come:
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
But bears it out even to the edge of doom
If this be error and upon me proved,
I never writ, nor no man ever loved.
Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare

7. Elegy
Poem that mourns a
death or other great
loss

8. Tears in Heaven
by Eric Clapton

9. Clapton wrote this about his
4-year-old son, Conor, who died
when he fell out of a 53rd floor
window in his mother's apartment in
New York City. At the time, Conor
was Clapton's only child.

10. would you know my name
if I saw you in heaven
would it be the same
if I saw you in heaven
I must be strong and and carry on
'cause I know I don't belong
here in heaven
would you hold my hand
if I saw you in heaven
would you help me stand
if I saw you in heaven
I'll find my way
through night and day
cause I know i just can't stay
here in heaven
time can bring you down
time can bend your knees
time can break your heart
have you begging
please begging please
would you know my name
if i saw you in heaven
would it be the same if i
saw you in heaven
beyond the door there's
peace but sure
but i know there'll be no
more tears in heaven

11. Ode
 This is a poem of nobbling feeling,
expressed with dignity and praises for
some persons, objects, events or
ideas.
It is exalted in tone and formal in
structure and content.

12. Thou still unravish'd bride of quietness,
Thou foster-child of silence and slow time,
Sylvan historian, who canst thus express
A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme:
What leaf-fring'd legend haunts about thy
shape
Of deities or mortals, or of both,
In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?
What men or gods are these? What maidens
loth?
What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape?
What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?
Ode on a Grecian Urn By John Keats

13. NARRATIVE POEMS
Longer and tells a story, with a
beginning, middle, and end
Generally longer than the lyric
styles of poetry because the poet
needs to establish characters and
a plot

14. A long, serious poem that tells the story of
a heroic or legendary figure. Two of the
most famous epic poems are the
Iliad and the Odyssey by
Homer, which tell about the Trojan War
and the adventures of Odysseus on his
voyage home after the war
Epic

15. It also tell a story, like epic poems
however, ballad poetry is often based on a
legend or a folk tale.
Most ballads are written in four-six
stanzas and has a regular rhythms and
rhyme schemes.
A ballad often features a refrain-a regular
repeated line or group of lines.
Ballad

16. Oh the ocean waves may roll,
And the stormy winds may blow,
While we poor sailors go skipping aloft
And the land lubbers lay down below,
below, below
And the land lubbers lay down below.
The Mermaid
by Unknown author

17. Dramatic poetry
 Has elements related closely to the
drama.
It uses a dramatic technique and may
unfold a story.
It emphasize the character rather than
the narrative.

18. Dramatic monologue
This is a combination of drama and
poetry.
It presents some line or speech of
single character in a particular but
complicated situation and sometimes
in a dilemma

19. Soliloquy
The speaker of the poem or the
character in a play delivers a passage.
The thoughts and emotions are heard
by the author and the audience as
well.

20. Oration
This is a formal address
elevated in tone and usually
delivered on some notable
occasion.

21. Special Types
of poems

22. HAIKU
A Japanese poem
written in three
lines
Five Syllables
Seven Syllables
Five Syllables
An old silent pond . . .
A frog jumps into the pond.
Splash! Silence again.

23. FREE VERSE
POEMS Does NOT have any
repeating patterns of
stressed and unstressed
syllables
 Does NOT have rhyme
 Very conversational -
sounds like someone
talking with you.
A Dream
I dreamed the clouds
were dragons.
Billows of fluff, not
fire
Came toward me.
I needed not my
sword.

24. Limerick
• A limerick is a poem of five lines
• The first, second, and fifth lines have
three rhythmic beats and rhyme with
one another.
• The third and fourth lines have two
beats and rhyme with one another.
• They are always light-hearted,
humorous poems.

25. There once was a very small
mouse
Who lived in a very small house,
The ocean’s spray
Washed it away,
All that was left was her blouse!

26. Name poem
A special type of poetry belong to
descriptive poetry that use an
adjective to describe a person that
begins with each letter of that
person's name.

27. Taylor
Taylor likes each sentiment to be
Appropriate to its own time and place.
Years may roll like waves across her shore,
Leaving none of what there was before,
Obliterating every sign of grace.
Reason not, says Taylor, with the sea!

28. CONCRETE POEMS
In concrete
poems, the words
are arranged to
create a picture
that relates to the
content of the
poem.
Poetry
Is like
Flames,
Which are
Swift and elusive
Dodging realization
Sparks, like words on the
Paper, leap and dance in the
Flickering firelight. The fiery
Tongues, formless and shifting
Shapes, tease the imagination.
Yet for those who see,
Through their mind’s
Eye, they burn
Up the page.

29. Poetry elements
Mood
Meter
Rhymes
Refrain
Figures of Speech
Imagery
Form
Tone
Connotation & Denotation

30. Mood
 The overall emotion created by a work of literature.
 The atmosphere that pervades a literary work with the
intention of evoking a certain emotion or feeling from the
audience.
 In drama, mood may be created by sets and music as well as
words; in poetry and prose, mood may be created by a
combination of such elements as SETTING, VOICE, TONE
and THEME.
 The moods evoked by the more popular short stories of Edgar
Allen Poe, for example, tend to be gloomy, horrific, and
desperate.

31. 31
I shut my door
To keep you out
Won’t do no good
To stand and shout
Won’t listen to
A thing you say
Just time you took
Yourself away
I lock my door
To keep me here
Until I’m sure
You disappear.
--By Myra Cohn Livingston
Mad Song

32. METER
 A pattern of stressed (strong) and unstressed (weak)
syllables
 Each unit or part of the pattern is called a “foot”
 Types of Feet:
• Iambic - unstressed, stressed
• Trochaic - stressed, unstressed
• Anapestic - unstressed, unstressed, stressed
• Dactylic - stressed, unstressed, unstressed

33. RHYMES
Words sound alike because they share the
same ending vowel and consonant
sounds.
A word always rhymes with itself.
LAMP
STAMP
Share the short “a” vowel sound
Share the combined “mp” consonant sound

34. English is a Pain! (Pane)
Rain, Reign, rein,
English is a pain.
Although the words
Sound just alike
The spelling’s not the same!
Bee, Be, B
I’d rather climb a tree
Than learn to spell
The same old word,
Not just one way, but three!
Sight, Site, Cite
I try with all my might.
No matter which
I finally choose,
It’s not the one that’s right!
There, Their, They’re,
Enough to make you swear.
Too many ways
To write one sound,
I just don’t think it’s fair!
To, Two, Too
So what’s a kid to do?
I think I’ll do
To live on Mars
And leave this mess with ewe! (you?)
By Shirlee Curlee Bingham

35. REFRAIN
 A sound, word, phrase or line repeated regularly in a poem,
usually at the end of each stanza or verse, such as the
chorus in a song.
There lived a lady by the North Sea shore,
Lay the bent to the bonny broom
Two daughters were the babes she bore.
Fa la la la la la la la.
As one grew bright as is the sun,
Lay the bent to the bonny broom
So coal black grew the other one.
Fa la la la la la la la.
--”The Cruel Sister” by Francis J. Child

36. Figures of speech
Analogy
Simile
Metaphor
Assonance
Consonance
Idiom
Hyperbole
Onomatopoeia
Oxymoron
Personification
Symbolism
Alliteration
Apostrophe

37. Analogy
 A comparison made between two things
that may initially seem to have little in
common
 Used for illustration and/or argument.
Examples:
• Hand is to glove : Foot is to sock
• Happy is to sad : Hot is to cold

38. She felt like a wilted flower.
The boy charged in the room like a
bull!
This class is like a 3 ring circus!
Simile
 A figure of speech in which two things are compared
using the word “like” or “as”.
Examples :

39. Friends are like chocolate cake,
you can never have too many.
Chocolate cake is like heaven -
always amazing you with each taste or
feeling.
Chocolate cake is like life
with so many different pieces.
Chocolate cake is like happiness,
you can never get enough of it.
- “Chocolate Cake” by Anonymous

40. A figure of speech in which two things are compared,
usually by saying one thing is another, or by
substituting a more descriptive word for the more
common or usual word that would be expected.
Examples :
the world's a stage
he was a lion in battle
drowning in debt
a sea of troubles.
Metaphor

41. Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line (or lines)
of a poem.
Examples:
A leak sailor even
In a stormy sea
Drinks deep God’s Name
In ecstasy
-”Peaceful Assonance” by Sir Chinmoy
Assonance

42. Consonance
Similar to alliteration EXCEPT:
– repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in
the words, not just at the beginning!
Example:
And frightful a nightfall folded rueful a day
…How a lush-kept plush-capped sloe
Will, mouthed to flesh-burst,
Gush!—
- From “The Wreck of the Deutschland” by Gerald Manley Hopkins

43. IdiomIdioms are phrases or expressions that have hidden
meanings.
The expressions don't mean exactly what the words say.
NOT LITERAL
The language peculiar to a people or to a district,
community, or class : dialect
Examples:
It’s raining cats and dogs.
Things got a little out of hand.
Does the cat have your tongue.

44. A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for
emphasis or effect.
An extravagant statement or figure of speech not intended
to be taken literally.
Examples:
I waited an eternity for summer to get here!
He could have slept for a year.
This book weighs a ton.
Hyperbole

45. I am making a pizza the size of the
sun,
a pizza that’s sure to weigh more
than a ton,
a pizza too massive to pick up and
toss,
a pizza resplendent with oceans of
sauce.
I’m topping my pizza with
mountains of cheese,
with acres of peppers, pimentos,
and peas,
with mushrooms, tomatoes, and
sausage galore,
with every last olive they had at the
store.
Jack Prelutsky
My pizza is sure to be one of a kind,
my pizza will leave other pizzas
behind,
my pizza will be a delectable treat
that all who love pizza are welcome
to eat.
The oven is hot, I believe it will take
a year and a half for my pizza to
bake.
I hardly can wait till my pizza is
done,
my wonderful pizza the size of the
sun.

46. A figure of speech in which words are used
to imitate sounds.
Examples :
crash
buzz
quack
zoom
Onomatopoeia

47. In the morning
yawn, stretch
to the bathroom
scratch, blink
in the shower
scrub, splash
to the closet
whisk, rustle
down the hall
thump, creak
in the kitchen
clank, clink
to the car
click, slam
on the road
honk, screech
at the office
tick, ring
out to lunch
munch, slurp
return home
thug, moan
on to bed
shuffle, snore
ONOMATOTODAY
Cathy Christensen

48. OXYMORON
 Combines two usually contradictory terms in a
compressed paradox, as in the word
bittersweet or the phrase
living death
Examples :
And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true…
-from Idylls of the King by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
I do here make humbly bold to present them with
a short account of themselves...
-from A Tale of a Tub by the poet and author
Jonathan Swift

49. Examples :
Dead leaves dance in the wind
Blind justice
Winter wrapped her cold fingers around me
Personification
 A figure of speech in which things or ideas
are given human attributes.

50. The use of a word or object which represents a deeper
meaning than the words themselves.It can be a material object or
a written sign used to represent something invisible.
The flag
represents
freedom.
Symbolism
Examples:
A dove is a symbol of peace.
The donkey
symbolizes the
Democratic Party.

51. I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
-from “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost

52. Repetition of the same beginning sound in a
sequence.
Examples :
Drew drew Drew
Reshetar rides roller coasters
drowning in debt
a sea of sea shells
Alliteration

53. Apostrophe
 A figure of speech in
which some absent or
nonexistent person or
thing is addressed as
if present and capable
of understanding.
• Ex. “O, Love, why
can’t you let me go?”

54. Descriptive words or phrases that appeal to the 5 senses:
sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell- creating a picture in the
reader’s mind.
Imagery
Soft upon my eyelashes
Turning my cheeks to pink
Softly falling, falling
Not a sound in the air
Delicately designed in snow
Fading away at my touch
Leaving only a glistening drop
And its memory
“Crystal Cascades” by Mary Fumento

55. POETIC FORM
• LINE - a group of
words together on
one line of the poem
• STANZA - a group of
lines arranged
together
A word is dead
When it is said,
Some say.
I say it just
Begins to live
That day.
- Emily Dickinson

56. KINDS OF
STANZASCouplet = a two line stanza
Triplet (Tercet)= a three line stanza
Quatrain = a four line stanza
Quintet = a five line stanza
Sestet (Sextet)= a six line stanza
Septet = a seven line stanza
Octave = an eight line stanza

57. TONE
Tone is the attitude writers
take towards their subject .

58. CONNOTATION vs
DENOTATION• Connotation: an emotional or social association with a
word, giving meaning beyond the literal definition
• Denotation: the specific, literal image, idea, concept, or
object that a word or phrase refers to
Word
a star
a family
a dog
Denotation
ball of light/gas in the sky
group of related individuals
four legged mammal
Connotation
a wish
love, trust, closeness
friend, protector, pet

59. Thank You
Generosity!

60. Criteria
Very Good
(11-15 points)
Good
(6-10 points)
Needs
Improvement
(1-5 points)
Content
(5 points)
- The poem has a
message and it
delivers the writer's
intention and
purpose for writing
it.
- The poem has a
message and it didn't
completely deliver
the writer's intention
and purpose for
writing it.
- The poem has no
message, intention
and purpose at all.
Choice of
Words
(5 points)
- The use of words
are excellent and has
no errors in the
grammatical
structures.
- The use of words
are good and has a
few errors only.
- The use of words
are fair and has many
serious errors.
Organization
(5 points)
- The organization of
thoughts are effective
in delivering the real
message of the poem.
- The organization of
thoughts and pieces
of idea are not that
effective but it has a
little message.
- The organization of
thoughts and pieces
of idea are not
effective and has no
message at all.
Rubric for the Poem