Here's a short slide I prepared. It summarizes how python can be used to solve algebraic expressions ,as well as many other mathematical expression using the sympy library.
There are two main ways to show that an algorithm works correctly: testing and proofs of correctness. Testing an algorithm on sample inputs can find bugs but does not guarantee correctness. Proving correctness mathematically is better but more difficult. To prove the correctness of a recursive algorithm, it must be proved by mathematical induction that each recursive call solves a smaller subproblem and that the base cases are solved correctly. Examples are given of using induction to prove the correctness of recursive algorithms for calculating Fibonacci numbers, finding the maximum value, and multiplying numbers.
The document discusses the Cilk programming language and its runtime system for parallel programming. Cilk extends C with keywords like spawn and sync to express parallelism. It provides performance guarantees and automatically manages scheduling across processors. The runtime system uses work-stealing to map Cilk threads to processors with near-optimal efficiency. Cilk allows expressing parallelism while hiding low-level details like load balancing.
A peek on numerical programming in perl and python e christopher dyken 2005Jules Krdenas
This document compares the numerical programming capabilities and performance of Perl and Python with and without numerical libraries like NumPy and PDL. It implements a trapezoidal quadrature rule to integrate three different functions in standard C, optimized C, Python, Python with NumPy, Python with numarray, Perl, and Perl with PDL. The results show that plain Python and Perl are much slower than C, but with numerical libraries their performance is comparable to optimized C for problems that can be formulated as element-by-element array operations. NumPy performs worse for simple functions but the gap decreases for more complex functions that use trigonometric operations. So for numerical problems, Python and Perl with add-on libraries can be viable alternatives to C/C
This document discusses lambda functions and the import keyword in Python. It defines lambda functions as small anonymous functions that can take any number of arguments but only have one expression. Examples are provided to demonstrate lambda functions that add, multiply, and return values. The import keyword is used to import libraries into code. Syntax for importing a whole library, a single method, or all methods using wildcards is described. Examples import the os, matplotlib, scikit-learn, and cryptography libraries.
This document introduces algorithms and their properties. It defines an algorithm as a precise set of instructions to perform a computation or solve a problem. Key properties of algorithms are discussed such as inputs, outputs, definiteness, correctness, finiteness, effectiveness and generality. Examples are given of maximum finding, linear search and binary search algorithms using pseudocode. The document discusses how algorithm complexity grows with input size and introduces big-O notation to analyze asymptotic growth rates of algorithms. It provides examples of analyzing time complexities for different algorithms.
Algorithms Lecture 1: Introduction to AlgorithmsMohamed Loey
We will discuss the following: Algorithms, Time Complexity & Space Complexity, Algorithm vs Pseudo code, Some Algorithm Types, Programming Languages, Python, Anaconda.
The document discusses intermediate code generation in compiler construction. It covers several intermediate representations including postfix notation, three-address code, and quadruples. It also discusses generating three-address code through syntax-directed translation and the use of symbol tables to handle name resolution and scoping.
This document discusses parallel algorithms and models of parallel computation. It begins with an overview of parallelism and the PRAM model of computation. It then discusses different models of concurrent versus exclusive access to shared memory. Several parallel algorithms are presented, including list ranking in O(log n) time using an EREW PRAM algorithm and finding the maximum of n elements in O(1) time using a CRCW PRAM algorithm. It analyzes the performance of EREW versus CRCW models and shows how to simulate a CRCW algorithm using EREW in O(log p) time using p processors.
There are two main ways to show that an algorithm works correctly: testing and proofs of correctness. Testing an algorithm on sample inputs can find bugs but does not guarantee correctness. Proving correctness mathematically is better but more difficult. To prove the correctness of a recursive algorithm, it must be proved by mathematical induction that each recursive call solves a smaller subproblem and that the base cases are solved correctly. Examples are given of using induction to prove the correctness of recursive algorithms for calculating Fibonacci numbers, finding the maximum value, and multiplying numbers.
The document discusses the Cilk programming language and its runtime system for parallel programming. Cilk extends C with keywords like spawn and sync to express parallelism. It provides performance guarantees and automatically manages scheduling across processors. The runtime system uses work-stealing to map Cilk threads to processors with near-optimal efficiency. Cilk allows expressing parallelism while hiding low-level details like load balancing.
A peek on numerical programming in perl and python e christopher dyken 2005Jules Krdenas
This document compares the numerical programming capabilities and performance of Perl and Python with and without numerical libraries like NumPy and PDL. It implements a trapezoidal quadrature rule to integrate three different functions in standard C, optimized C, Python, Python with NumPy, Python with numarray, Perl, and Perl with PDL. The results show that plain Python and Perl are much slower than C, but with numerical libraries their performance is comparable to optimized C for problems that can be formulated as element-by-element array operations. NumPy performs worse for simple functions but the gap decreases for more complex functions that use trigonometric operations. So for numerical problems, Python and Perl with add-on libraries can be viable alternatives to C/C
This document discusses lambda functions and the import keyword in Python. It defines lambda functions as small anonymous functions that can take any number of arguments but only have one expression. Examples are provided to demonstrate lambda functions that add, multiply, and return values. The import keyword is used to import libraries into code. Syntax for importing a whole library, a single method, or all methods using wildcards is described. Examples import the os, matplotlib, scikit-learn, and cryptography libraries.
This document introduces algorithms and their properties. It defines an algorithm as a precise set of instructions to perform a computation or solve a problem. Key properties of algorithms are discussed such as inputs, outputs, definiteness, correctness, finiteness, effectiveness and generality. Examples are given of maximum finding, linear search and binary search algorithms using pseudocode. The document discusses how algorithm complexity grows with input size and introduces big-O notation to analyze asymptotic growth rates of algorithms. It provides examples of analyzing time complexities for different algorithms.
Algorithms Lecture 1: Introduction to AlgorithmsMohamed Loey
We will discuss the following: Algorithms, Time Complexity & Space Complexity, Algorithm vs Pseudo code, Some Algorithm Types, Programming Languages, Python, Anaconda.
The document discusses intermediate code generation in compiler construction. It covers several intermediate representations including postfix notation, three-address code, and quadruples. It also discusses generating three-address code through syntax-directed translation and the use of symbol tables to handle name resolution and scoping.
This document discusses parallel algorithms and models of parallel computation. It begins with an overview of parallelism and the PRAM model of computation. It then discusses different models of concurrent versus exclusive access to shared memory. Several parallel algorithms are presented, including list ranking in O(log n) time using an EREW PRAM algorithm and finding the maximum of n elements in O(1) time using a CRCW PRAM algorithm. It analyzes the performance of EREW versus CRCW models and shows how to simulate a CRCW algorithm using EREW in O(log p) time using p processors.
Introduction to data structures and AlgorithmDhaval Kaneria
This document provides an introduction to algorithms and data structures. It defines algorithms as step-by-step processes to solve problems and discusses their properties, including being unambiguous, composed of a finite number of steps, and terminating. The document outlines the development process for algorithms and discusses their time and space complexity, noting worst-case, average-case, and best-case scenarios. Examples of iterative and recursive algorithms for calculating factorials are provided to illustrate time and space complexity analyses.
This document provides an overview of algorithms including definitions, characteristics, design, and analysis. It defines an algorithm as a finite step-by-step procedure to solve a problem and discusses their key characteristics like input, definiteness, effectiveness, finiteness, and output. The document outlines the design of algorithms using pseudo-code and their analysis in terms of time and space complexity using asymptotic notations like Big O, Big Omega, and Big Theta. Examples are provided to illustrate linear search time complexity and the use of different notations to determine algorithm efficiency.
/
p
This document provides an overview of the CS-2251 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS course. It defines algorithms and discusses algorithm design and analysis processes. It covers different algorithm efficiency measures, specification methods, important problem types, classification techniques, and examples like the Euclid algorithm. Key aspects of sorting, searching, graph, combinatorial, and numerical problems are outlined. The features of efficient algorithms and orders of algorithms are defined.
tt
h
1. The document discusses digital signal processing concepts and exercises using Python packages like NumPy, SciPy and Matplotlib.
2. It provides instructions on installing the required software packages for Windows, Ubuntu Linux and Android systems.
3. A list of 20 exercises is given covering topics like continuous and discrete sine waves, convolution, DFT using fft and own function, windowing techniques and design of FIR and IIR filters.
The document discusses algorithms and their complexity. It defines an algorithm as a well-defined computational procedure that takes inputs and produces outputs. Algorithms have properties like definiteness, correctness, finiteness, and effectiveness. While faster computers make any method viable, analyzing algorithms' complexity is still important because computing resources are finite. Algorithm complexity is analyzed asymptotically for large inputs, focusing on growth rates like constant, logarithmic, linear, quadratic, and exponential. Common notations like Big-O describe upper algorithm complexity bounds.
Lecture 5: Asymptotic analysis of algorithmsVivek Bhargav
The document discusses asymptotic analysis of algorithms to analyze efficiency in terms of time and space complexity. It explains that the number of basic operations like arithmetic, data movement, and control operations determines time complexity, while space complexity depends on the number of basic data types used. Different algorithms for counting numbers with factorial divisible by 5 are analyzed to find their time complexity. The time complexity of an algorithm can be expressed using Θ notation, which describes the dominant term as the input size increases.
This document discusses the complexity of algorithms and the tradeoff between algorithm cost and time. It defines algorithm complexity as a function of input size that measures the time and space used by an algorithm. Different complexity classes are described such as polynomial, sub-linear, and exponential time. Examples are given to find the complexity of bubble sort and linear search algorithms. The concept of space-time tradeoffs is introduced, where using more space can reduce computation time. Genetic algorithms are proposed to efficiently solve large-scale construction time-cost tradeoff problems.
Slides from a brief presentation about the 'docase' notation that I did at Haskell Hackathon in Cambridge. The notation makes it easier to work with monads that have some additional operations (such as Par monad or Parsers).
Performance analysis(Time & Space Complexity)swapnac12
The document discusses algorithms analysis and design. It covers time complexity and space complexity analysis using approaches like counting the number of basic operations like assignments, comparisons etc. and analyzing how they vary with the size of the input. Common complexities like constant, linear, quadratic and cubic are explained with examples. Frequency count method is presented to determine tight bounds of time and space complexity of algorithms.
This document discusses various strategies for register allocation and assignment in compiler design. It notes that assigning values to specific registers simplifies compiler design but can result in inefficient register usage. Global register allocation aims to assign frequently used values to registers for the duration of a single block. Usage counts provide an estimate of how many loads/stores could be saved by assigning a value to a register. Graph coloring is presented as a technique where an interference graph is constructed and coloring aims to assign registers efficiently despite interference between values.
The document discusses three address code, an intermediate representation in compilers that uses at most three operands and one operator per instruction. It explains how three address code works, different implementations like quadruples and triples, and provides an example of converting the expression ((a+b)-((a+b)*(a-b)))+((a+b)*(a-b))) to three address code. Three address code simplifies intermediate code generation and machine code conversion in compilers.
The document discusses algorithms and their analysis. It defines an algorithm as a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem and get a desired output. Key aspects of algorithms discussed include their time and space complexity, asymptotic analysis to determine best, average, and worst case running times, and common asymptotic notations like Big O that are used to analyze algorithms. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine the time and space complexity of different algorithms like those using loops, recursion, and nested loops.
Lua is a lightweight scripting language that can be embedded into C/C++ applications. It is commonly used for extending applications with scripting capabilities. Some key uses of Lua include game scripting, configuration files, extending applications, and implementing logic or rules engines. Lua provides APIs for interacting with the Lua virtual machine from C/C++ code, including pushing and popping values on the Lua stack, calling Lua functions from C, and calling C functions from Lua scripts.
This slide explain complexity of an algorithm. Explain from theory perspective. At the end of slide, I also show the test result to prove the theory. Pleas, read this slide to improve your code quality .
This slide is exported from Ms. Power
Point to PDF.
This document provides an overview and introduction to key Python packages for scientific computing and data science. It discusses Jupyter notebooks for interactive coding and visualization, NumPy for N-dimensional arrays and math operations, SciPy for scientific computing functions, matplotlib for plotting, and pandas for working with labeled data structures. The document emphasizes that NumPy provides foundational N-dimensional arrays, SciPy builds on this with additional mathematical and scientific routines, and matplotlib and pandas complement these with visualization and labeled data functionality.
This document discusses algorithms and analysis of algorithms. It covers key concepts like time complexity, space complexity, asymptotic notations, best case, worst case and average case time complexities. Examples are provided to illustrate linear, quadratic and logarithmic time complexities. Common sorting algorithms like quicksort, mergesort, heapsort, bubblesort and insertionsort are summarized along with their time and space complexities.
Intermediate code generation in Compiler DesignKuppusamy P
The document discusses intermediate code generation in compilers. It begins by explaining that intermediate code generation is the final phase of the compiler front-end and its goal is to translate the program into a format expected by the back-end. Common intermediate representations include three address code and static single assignment form. The document then discusses why intermediate representations are used, how to choose an appropriate representation, and common types of representations like graphical IRs and linear IRs.
The document contains various notes and information snippets on topics including:
- WiFi login details
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- LAMP stack vs 3-tier architecture
- Performance impacts of small delays in page load times
- Quicksort algorithm implementation in Haskell
- Comparisons of Reactive Extensions, F# Observable, and Nessos Streams libraries
- HybridDictionary data structure optimization in .NET
- B+ tree data structure praise
- Phillip Trelford's Twitter handle and blog
Big O notation describes how efficiently an algorithm or function grows as the input size increases. It focuses on the worst-case scenario and ignores constant factors. Common time complexities include O(1) for constant time, O(n) for linear time, and O(n^2) for quadratic time. To determine an algorithm's complexity, its operations are analyzed, such as the number of statements, loops, and function calls.
This document provides an overview of the Python programming language. It discusses Python's history, features, and why it is a good programming language. Key points covered include:
- Python was created in the late 1980s and draws from many other languages.
- It is an open source, interpreted, object-oriented, and portable language with a large online community and library support.
- Python code is compiled to bytecode for performance. It has dynamic typing, automatic memory management, and is powerful yet easy to learn.
- The document reviews Python statements, expressions, variables, basic data types, functions, modules and exceptions. It provides examples of Python code.
This document provides information about the Python programming language. It discusses the features of Python, including that it is object-oriented, open source, portable, powerful, and easy to learn. It also covers Python syntax, statements, functions, modules, exception handling, and how to run Python programs. The outcomes of learning these Python concepts are also listed.
Introduction to data structures and AlgorithmDhaval Kaneria
This document provides an introduction to algorithms and data structures. It defines algorithms as step-by-step processes to solve problems and discusses their properties, including being unambiguous, composed of a finite number of steps, and terminating. The document outlines the development process for algorithms and discusses their time and space complexity, noting worst-case, average-case, and best-case scenarios. Examples of iterative and recursive algorithms for calculating factorials are provided to illustrate time and space complexity analyses.
This document provides an overview of algorithms including definitions, characteristics, design, and analysis. It defines an algorithm as a finite step-by-step procedure to solve a problem and discusses their key characteristics like input, definiteness, effectiveness, finiteness, and output. The document outlines the design of algorithms using pseudo-code and their analysis in terms of time and space complexity using asymptotic notations like Big O, Big Omega, and Big Theta. Examples are provided to illustrate linear search time complexity and the use of different notations to determine algorithm efficiency.
/
p
This document provides an overview of the CS-2251 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS course. It defines algorithms and discusses algorithm design and analysis processes. It covers different algorithm efficiency measures, specification methods, important problem types, classification techniques, and examples like the Euclid algorithm. Key aspects of sorting, searching, graph, combinatorial, and numerical problems are outlined. The features of efficient algorithms and orders of algorithms are defined.
tt
h
1. The document discusses digital signal processing concepts and exercises using Python packages like NumPy, SciPy and Matplotlib.
2. It provides instructions on installing the required software packages for Windows, Ubuntu Linux and Android systems.
3. A list of 20 exercises is given covering topics like continuous and discrete sine waves, convolution, DFT using fft and own function, windowing techniques and design of FIR and IIR filters.
The document discusses algorithms and their complexity. It defines an algorithm as a well-defined computational procedure that takes inputs and produces outputs. Algorithms have properties like definiteness, correctness, finiteness, and effectiveness. While faster computers make any method viable, analyzing algorithms' complexity is still important because computing resources are finite. Algorithm complexity is analyzed asymptotically for large inputs, focusing on growth rates like constant, logarithmic, linear, quadratic, and exponential. Common notations like Big-O describe upper algorithm complexity bounds.
Lecture 5: Asymptotic analysis of algorithmsVivek Bhargav
The document discusses asymptotic analysis of algorithms to analyze efficiency in terms of time and space complexity. It explains that the number of basic operations like arithmetic, data movement, and control operations determines time complexity, while space complexity depends on the number of basic data types used. Different algorithms for counting numbers with factorial divisible by 5 are analyzed to find their time complexity. The time complexity of an algorithm can be expressed using Θ notation, which describes the dominant term as the input size increases.
This document discusses the complexity of algorithms and the tradeoff between algorithm cost and time. It defines algorithm complexity as a function of input size that measures the time and space used by an algorithm. Different complexity classes are described such as polynomial, sub-linear, and exponential time. Examples are given to find the complexity of bubble sort and linear search algorithms. The concept of space-time tradeoffs is introduced, where using more space can reduce computation time. Genetic algorithms are proposed to efficiently solve large-scale construction time-cost tradeoff problems.
Slides from a brief presentation about the 'docase' notation that I did at Haskell Hackathon in Cambridge. The notation makes it easier to work with monads that have some additional operations (such as Par monad or Parsers).
Performance analysis(Time & Space Complexity)swapnac12
The document discusses algorithms analysis and design. It covers time complexity and space complexity analysis using approaches like counting the number of basic operations like assignments, comparisons etc. and analyzing how they vary with the size of the input. Common complexities like constant, linear, quadratic and cubic are explained with examples. Frequency count method is presented to determine tight bounds of time and space complexity of algorithms.
This document discusses various strategies for register allocation and assignment in compiler design. It notes that assigning values to specific registers simplifies compiler design but can result in inefficient register usage. Global register allocation aims to assign frequently used values to registers for the duration of a single block. Usage counts provide an estimate of how many loads/stores could be saved by assigning a value to a register. Graph coloring is presented as a technique where an interference graph is constructed and coloring aims to assign registers efficiently despite interference between values.
The document discusses three address code, an intermediate representation in compilers that uses at most three operands and one operator per instruction. It explains how three address code works, different implementations like quadruples and triples, and provides an example of converting the expression ((a+b)-((a+b)*(a-b)))+((a+b)*(a-b))) to three address code. Three address code simplifies intermediate code generation and machine code conversion in compilers.
The document discusses algorithms and their analysis. It defines an algorithm as a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem and get a desired output. Key aspects of algorithms discussed include their time and space complexity, asymptotic analysis to determine best, average, and worst case running times, and common asymptotic notations like Big O that are used to analyze algorithms. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine the time and space complexity of different algorithms like those using loops, recursion, and nested loops.
Lua is a lightweight scripting language that can be embedded into C/C++ applications. It is commonly used for extending applications with scripting capabilities. Some key uses of Lua include game scripting, configuration files, extending applications, and implementing logic or rules engines. Lua provides APIs for interacting with the Lua virtual machine from C/C++ code, including pushing and popping values on the Lua stack, calling Lua functions from C, and calling C functions from Lua scripts.
This slide explain complexity of an algorithm. Explain from theory perspective. At the end of slide, I also show the test result to prove the theory. Pleas, read this slide to improve your code quality .
This slide is exported from Ms. Power
Point to PDF.
This document provides an overview and introduction to key Python packages for scientific computing and data science. It discusses Jupyter notebooks for interactive coding and visualization, NumPy for N-dimensional arrays and math operations, SciPy for scientific computing functions, matplotlib for plotting, and pandas for working with labeled data structures. The document emphasizes that NumPy provides foundational N-dimensional arrays, SciPy builds on this with additional mathematical and scientific routines, and matplotlib and pandas complement these with visualization and labeled data functionality.
This document discusses algorithms and analysis of algorithms. It covers key concepts like time complexity, space complexity, asymptotic notations, best case, worst case and average case time complexities. Examples are provided to illustrate linear, quadratic and logarithmic time complexities. Common sorting algorithms like quicksort, mergesort, heapsort, bubblesort and insertionsort are summarized along with their time and space complexities.
Intermediate code generation in Compiler DesignKuppusamy P
The document discusses intermediate code generation in compilers. It begins by explaining that intermediate code generation is the final phase of the compiler front-end and its goal is to translate the program into a format expected by the back-end. Common intermediate representations include three address code and static single assignment form. The document then discusses why intermediate representations are used, how to choose an appropriate representation, and common types of representations like graphical IRs and linear IRs.
The document contains various notes and information snippets on topics including:
- WiFi login details
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- LAMP stack vs 3-tier architecture
- Performance impacts of small delays in page load times
- Quicksort algorithm implementation in Haskell
- Comparisons of Reactive Extensions, F# Observable, and Nessos Streams libraries
- HybridDictionary data structure optimization in .NET
- B+ tree data structure praise
- Phillip Trelford's Twitter handle and blog
Big O notation describes how efficiently an algorithm or function grows as the input size increases. It focuses on the worst-case scenario and ignores constant factors. Common time complexities include O(1) for constant time, O(n) for linear time, and O(n^2) for quadratic time. To determine an algorithm's complexity, its operations are analyzed, such as the number of statements, loops, and function calls.
This document provides an overview of the Python programming language. It discusses Python's history, features, and why it is a good programming language. Key points covered include:
- Python was created in the late 1980s and draws from many other languages.
- It is an open source, interpreted, object-oriented, and portable language with a large online community and library support.
- Python code is compiled to bytecode for performance. It has dynamic typing, automatic memory management, and is powerful yet easy to learn.
- The document reviews Python statements, expressions, variables, basic data types, functions, modules and exceptions. It provides examples of Python code.
This document provides information about the Python programming language. It discusses the features of Python, including that it is object-oriented, open source, portable, powerful, and easy to learn. It also covers Python syntax, statements, functions, modules, exception handling, and how to run Python programs. The outcomes of learning these Python concepts are also listed.
This document discusses different types of loops in Python including definite loops using for statements, indefinite loops using while statements, and different patterns for indefinite loops like interactive loops, sentinel loops, and end-of-file loops. It provides examples of using accumulators and loop variables to iterate over a sequence of user-entered numbers and calculate the average. Key loop concepts like pre-test loops, priming reads, and avoiding infinite loops are also covered.
Lecture 5 – Computing with Numbers (Math Lib).pptxjovannyflex
This document provides an overview of numeric data types and operations in Python. It discusses integers and floats, and how they represent numeric values differently. Functions for determining data types like type() and converting between types are presented. Core numeric operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo are covered. The use of accumulators and loops to calculate factorial and solve other numeric problems is demonstrated. Finally, the math library module is introduced for accessing advanced math functions like square root, trigonometric functions, rounding, and random number generation.
Lecture 5 – Computing with Numbers (Math Lib).pptxjovannyflex
This document provides an overview of numeric data types and operations in Python. It discusses integers and floats, and how they represent numeric values differently. Functions for determining data types like type() and converting between types are presented. Core numeric operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus are covered. The use of accumulators and loops to calculate factorial and solve other numeric problems is demonstrated. Finally, the math library module is introduced for accessing advanced math functions like square root, trigonometric functions, rounding, and random number generation.
Python is a general purpose programming language that can be used for both programming and scripting. It is an interpreted language, meaning code is executed line by line by the Python interpreter. Python code is written in plain text files with a .py extension. Key features of Python include being object-oriented, using indentation for code blocks rather than brackets, and having a large standard library. Python code can be used for tasks like system scripting, web development, data analysis, and more.
The document discusses Python programming language. It provides an introduction to Python, describing it as an interpreted, high-level and general-purpose programming language. It then covers various data types in Python including numbers, strings, booleans, lists, tuples, sets and dictionaries. The document also discusses operators in Python like arithmetic, comparison, logical and bitwise operators. Finally, it explains how to work with Python in both interactive and script modes.
Chapter 1 Class 12 Computer Science Unit 1ssusera7a08a
The document discusses the basics of Python programming language. It provides an introduction to Python, describing how it is an interpreted, high-level and general-purpose programming language. It then covers Python features, data types, operators, and how to work in both interactive and script modes in Python. The document also discusses topics like variables, data handling, arithmetic operators, comparison operators, and more with examples.
This document contains slides from a Python workshop presentation. It introduces Python, discussing its history, philosophy, features, and how to write Python code. Some key points covered include:
- Python was created in the late 1980s and named after Monty Python.
- It aims to have clear, readable syntax while also being powerful.
- Python code tends to be more concise than languages like Java and C++.
- It uses indentation rather than braces to define code blocks.
- Common data types like lists, dictionaries, and tuples are covered.
- Basic programming constructs like conditionals, loops, functions and file I/O are demonstrated.
The document discusses approximation algorithms for NP-hard problems. It begins with an introduction that defines approximation algorithms as algorithms that find feasible but not necessarily optimal solutions to optimization problems in polynomial time.
It then discusses different types of approximation schemes - absolute approximation where the approximate solution is within a constant of optimal, epsilon (ε)-approximation where the approximate solution is within a factor of ε times optimal, and polynomial time approximation schemes that run in polynomial time for any fixed ε.
The document provides examples of problems that admit absolute approximation algorithms, such as planar graph coloring and maximum programs stored on disks. It also discusses Graham's theorem, which proves that the largest processing time scheduling algorithm generates schedules within 1/3
The document provides a lab manual for the course GE3171 - Problem Solving and Python Programming Laboratory. It includes the course objectives, list of experiments, syllabus, and programs for various experiments involving Python programming concepts like lists, tuples, conditionals, loops, functions etc. The experiments cover problems on real-life applications such as electricity billing, library management, vehicle components, building materials etc. The document demonstrates how to write Python programs to solve such problems and validate the output.
The document provides an introduction and overview of the Design and Analysis of Algorithms course. It covers key topics like asymptotic notations and their properties, analyzing recursive and non-recursive algorithms, divide-and-conquer algorithms like quicksort and mergesort, and sorting algorithms like heap sort. Examples of insertion sort and analysis of its worst-case running time of O(n2) are provided. Asymptotic notation like Big-O, Ω, and Θ are introduced to analyze algorithms' time complexities as the problem size n approaches infinity.
This document discusses algorithm analysis tools. It explains that algorithm analysis is used to determine which of several algorithms to solve a problem is most efficient. Theoretical analysis counts primitive operations to approximate runtime as a function of input size. Common complexity classes like constant, linear, quadratic, and exponential time are defined based on how quickly runtime grows with size. Big-O notation represents the asymptotic upper bound of a function's growth rate to classify algorithms.
The document contains a series of slides about Python programming concepts. It begins with an introductory quote from Guido van Rossum about the origins of Python in 1989. The slides then cover various Python topics like data types, variables, operators, conditional statements, loops, functions, modules and libraries. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept. The document serves as a high-level overview of core Python programming principles.
This study Examines the Effectiveness of Talent Procurement through the Imple...DharmaBanothu
In the world with high technology and fast
forward mindset recruiters are walking/showing interest
towards E-Recruitment. Present most of the HRs of
many companies are choosing E-Recruitment as the best
choice for recruitment. E-Recruitment is being done
through many online platforms like Linkedin, Naukri,
Instagram , Facebook etc. Now with high technology E-
Recruitment has gone through next level by using
Artificial Intelligence too.
Key Words : Talent Management, Talent Acquisition , E-
Recruitment , Artificial Intelligence Introduction
Effectiveness of Talent Acquisition through E-
Recruitment in this topic we will discuss about 4important
and interlinked topics which are
Determination of Equivalent Circuit parameters and performance characteristic...pvpriya2
Includes the testing of induction motor to draw the circle diagram of induction motor with step wise procedure and calculation for the same. Also explains the working and application of Induction generator
Road construction is not as easy as it seems to be, it includes various steps and it starts with its designing and
structure including the traffic volume consideration. Then base layer is done by bulldozers and levelers and after
base surface coating has to be done. For giving road a smooth surface with flexibility, Asphalt concrete is used.
Asphalt requires an aggregate sub base material layer, and then a base layer to be put into first place. Asphalt road
construction is formulated to support the heavy traffic load and climatic conditions. It is 100% recyclable and
saving non renewable natural resources.
With the advancement of technology, Asphalt technology gives assurance about the good drainage system and with
skid resistance it can be used where safety is necessary such as outsidethe schools.
The largest use of Asphalt is for making asphalt concrete for road surfaces. It is widely used in airports around the
world due to the sturdiness and ability to be repaired quickly, it is widely used for runways dedicated to aircraft
landing and taking off. Asphalt is normally stored and transported at 150’C or 300’F temperature
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
2. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
Many applications in the field of mathematics , Science and Engineering demands the use
of symbolic operations, that is, mathematical operations which involves the use of
expressions that contain symbolic variables.
Evaluating or simplifying these mathematical expression often result to another
mathematical expression in terms of the symbolic variable
2𝑡3
+ 5𝑡 − 8 6𝑡2
+ 5For Instance, the derivative of: With respect to t is:
3. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
Python has the capability of handling many types of symbolic operations with the support
of a scientific library called
SYMPY Library
SymPy is short for Symbolic Python
SymPy is included
with many distributions of Python that are focused on scientists or engineers
including the Anaconda Python distribution and Pythonxy. Installation on
Linux systems is also straightforward. Further information related to downloading and installing SymPy as well as
comprehensive documentation is
available on the SymPy website: www.sympy.org.
4. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
Sympy Library is imported into Python using the Command: import sympy
This enables access to all the available method in the sympy library using sympy.method() format.
The next step is to declare the symbolic variables or parameters that will be present in the equations
that we plan to manipulate or solve symbolically.
To transforms a string that lists the variables or parameters into instances of the SymPy Symbol class, use the
command: sympy.symbols()
1.
2.
5. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
To Find roots of a polynomial
𝑎𝑥2
+ 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
output
−𝑏 ± 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
Solve() function
is used for
solving algebraic
expressions
6. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
Example Problem
The van der Waals equation of state is a common equation for relating the temperature (T), pressure (P), and specific
volume (V̂ ) of a nonideal gas .
𝑷 =
𝑹𝑻
𝑽 − 𝒃
−
𝒂
𝑽 𝟐
Our goal is to calculate the specific volume of ammonia (Tc = 405.5 K and Pc = 111.3 atm) at T = 420 K and P = 43.4
atm.
Before using SymPy to solve for the specific volume, we need to rewrite our equation(s) so that all terms are on one
side of the “=” sign. Thus, we will write the van der Waals equation as
𝟎 = 𝑷 −
𝑹𝑻
𝑽 − 𝒃
+
𝒂
𝑽 𝟐
7. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
Solution
output
The output from this example is
[0.70088,
0.06531 - 0.02985*I,
0.06531 + 0.02985*I]
The equation is cubic with respect to V so we should not be surprised by getting
three solutions (i.e., three roots). In this case, it is simple to determine the
correct solution as two of the solutions are complex and obviously not physical
8. Symbolic Mathematics Python programming
Sympy has lots of methods used for Solving Mathematical
Expressions.
Enter:
>>> help(sympy)
In your python Interpreter Shell to view more available Functions associated to Sympy class
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