This document outlines the curriculum for a 3-year Bachelor's program in Rural Development offered by Tribhuvan University in Nepal. It includes details on 6 courses that make up the program, including course objectives, topics covered, assignments and requirements. The first course covers rural development theories and approaches. The second focuses on rural economy, dimensions of rural economy in Nepal, and economic issues. The third addresses rural resources, environment, and management.
This document outlines the syllabus for a Social Work course. The course covers four main topics: Concepts and Principles of Social Work, Methods of Social Work, Integrated Social Work Practice, and Social Welfare Administration Practice. Each topic has both theoretical and practical components. The theoretical sections cover key concepts, principles, methods, and historical developments in social work. The practical sections involve field placements where students apply their skills and knowledge while working with organizations. Overall, the course aims to develop students' understanding of social work approaches and techniques to address social problems.
This document discusses rural development programs and projects in Bangladesh. It begins by defining rural development as improving quality of life and economic well-being in isolated, sparsely populated areas. It then outlines the objectives of rural development programs in Bangladesh, which include poverty alleviation, income distribution, employment opportunities, and participation of local people. Several government organizations involved in rural development are described, including their training programs. Major non-governmental organizations (NGOs) active in rural development in Bangladesh are also listed, along with their focus areas like microfinance, education, health, and sanitation. Challenges to rural development efforts and recommendations to address them are provided at the end.
The World Bank has shifted its focus on rural development from mainly lending for agriculture to working in all major development areas and providing financial and technical assistance. It is owned by five institutions working together for sustainable solutions and to reduce poverty and build shared prosperity. In the Philippines, the World Bank has funded 338 rural development projects, with 27 currently active. Community organizations and integrated rural development approaches have been used, with the latter defined as both a strategy and program and taking various forms like being target-oriented or community-centered. Cooperative development has also been a key approach, with the first rural credit cooperative established in 1916 and marketing cooperatives and the Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration later playing roles in rural financing and groupings of
Government Programmes and Schemes For Rural DevelopmentDignesh Panchasara
The document discusses government programs and schemes for rural development in India. It outlines several key programs run by the Ministry of Rural Development, including the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana rural roads program, and Aajeevika National Rural Livelihoods Mission. It also provides budget figures for the Ministry of Rural Development for 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, with most funds going to programs focused on employment, rural housing, and rural infrastructure development. The document concludes that the government is implementing many programs to reduce poverty, generate employment, and improve standards of living in rural areas through initiatives like building roads, housing, healthcare, and job programs.
National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) : An OverviewSayan Ghosh
National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) is a poverty alleviation project implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. This scheme is focused on promoting self-employment and the organization of the rural poor. The basic idea behind this program is to organize the poor into SHG (Self Help Groups) groups and make them capable of self-employment. In 1999 after restructuring Integrated Rural Development Programme(IRDP), Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) launched Swarnajayanti Grameen Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) to focus on promoting self-employment among the rural poor. SGSY is now remodeled to form NRLM thereby plugging the shortfalls of the SGSY program. This PPT helps you to know about NRLM briefly.
Development of a cluster of villages that preserve and nurture the essence of rural community life with focus on equity and inclusiveness without compromising with the facilities perceived to be essentially urban in nature, thus creating a cluster of "Rurban villages".
This document outlines the syllabus for a Social Work course. The course covers four main topics: Concepts and Principles of Social Work, Methods of Social Work, Integrated Social Work Practice, and Social Welfare Administration Practice. Each topic has both theoretical and practical components. The theoretical sections cover key concepts, principles, methods, and historical developments in social work. The practical sections involve field placements where students apply their skills and knowledge while working with organizations. Overall, the course aims to develop students' understanding of social work approaches and techniques to address social problems.
This document discusses rural development programs and projects in Bangladesh. It begins by defining rural development as improving quality of life and economic well-being in isolated, sparsely populated areas. It then outlines the objectives of rural development programs in Bangladesh, which include poverty alleviation, income distribution, employment opportunities, and participation of local people. Several government organizations involved in rural development are described, including their training programs. Major non-governmental organizations (NGOs) active in rural development in Bangladesh are also listed, along with their focus areas like microfinance, education, health, and sanitation. Challenges to rural development efforts and recommendations to address them are provided at the end.
The World Bank has shifted its focus on rural development from mainly lending for agriculture to working in all major development areas and providing financial and technical assistance. It is owned by five institutions working together for sustainable solutions and to reduce poverty and build shared prosperity. In the Philippines, the World Bank has funded 338 rural development projects, with 27 currently active. Community organizations and integrated rural development approaches have been used, with the latter defined as both a strategy and program and taking various forms like being target-oriented or community-centered. Cooperative development has also been a key approach, with the first rural credit cooperative established in 1916 and marketing cooperatives and the Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration later playing roles in rural financing and groupings of
Government Programmes and Schemes For Rural DevelopmentDignesh Panchasara
The document discusses government programs and schemes for rural development in India. It outlines several key programs run by the Ministry of Rural Development, including the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana rural roads program, and Aajeevika National Rural Livelihoods Mission. It also provides budget figures for the Ministry of Rural Development for 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, with most funds going to programs focused on employment, rural housing, and rural infrastructure development. The document concludes that the government is implementing many programs to reduce poverty, generate employment, and improve standards of living in rural areas through initiatives like building roads, housing, healthcare, and job programs.
National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) : An OverviewSayan Ghosh
National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) is a poverty alleviation project implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. This scheme is focused on promoting self-employment and the organization of the rural poor. The basic idea behind this program is to organize the poor into SHG (Self Help Groups) groups and make them capable of self-employment. In 1999 after restructuring Integrated Rural Development Programme(IRDP), Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) launched Swarnajayanti Grameen Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) to focus on promoting self-employment among the rural poor. SGSY is now remodeled to form NRLM thereby plugging the shortfalls of the SGSY program. This PPT helps you to know about NRLM briefly.
Development of a cluster of villages that preserve and nurture the essence of rural community life with focus on equity and inclusiveness without compromising with the facilities perceived to be essentially urban in nature, thus creating a cluster of "Rurban villages".
The National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) was launched in 2011 with the goal of alleviating poverty through self-managed self-help groups, financial inclusion, and sustainable livelihood opportunities. NRLM aims to cover 7 crore rural households across India. It focuses on social mobilization and building strong grassroots institutions through self-help groups. NRLM provides support structures at national, state, district and local levels to facilitate livelihood programs and access to financial services for rural communities.
Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana - MPs adopting villages & building them as exemplary ones. PM Modi has urged all MPs to use their resources to develop at least one model village by 2019.
A model village is a type of mostly self-contained community, built from the late 18th century onwards by landowners and industrialists to house their workers. Although the villages are located close to the workplace, they are generally physically separated from them and often consist of relatively high quality housing, with integrated community amenities and attractive physical environments. "Model" is used in the sense of an ideal to which other developments could aspire.
This contains findings of empirical research carried out on the people from border areas of Jammu, who have to flee their homes everytime crisis strikes the border.
The process of developing a PRS varies greatly because it takes place in different countries, under different kinds of governments and circumstances. In general, though, the process can be thought of in terms of several phases, although certain elements, particularly participatory processes, may run throughout.
Panchayats have been the backbone of the Indian villages since the beginning of recorded history. Gandhiji, the father of the nation, in 1946 had aptly remarked that the Indian Independence must begin at the bottom and every village ought to be a Republic or Panchayat having powers. Gandhiji dream has been translated into reality with the introduction of the three-tier Panchayati Raj system to ensure people’s participation in rural reconstruction.
An integrated local area plan, based on specific needs of each area, was stressed upon from the beginning of plan development process in 1950s. However, despite several reports and studies, there were only sporadic efforts and isolated cases of such planning.
The passage of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 marks a new era in the federal democratic set up of the country and provides constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). These PRIs are empowered to function as institutions of Self Government and to prepare plans for economic development and social justice and their empowerment. The PRIs constitute the bedrock for the implementation of most of Rural Development Programmes.
Panchayati Raj system of governance provides a 3-tier structure of local governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of administration. The three-tiers include the following: Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat, and District Panchayat. Panchayats are responsible for the preparation of plans for economic development and social justice; implementation of national schemes; and to levy and collect appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees.Govt. of India has elaborated a detailed picture of District Planning through their publication "Manual for Integrated District Planning". This manual will provide guidance in the task of preparing District Plans that are based on a long-term vision, reflect the needs of the people and provide a framework for convergence of programmes and resources so that implementation of the plan yields optimal outcomes and helps address regional imbalances, with a view of bringing all areas of the country into a twenty-first century vision of development.
“District Planning” is the process of preparing an integrated plan for the Local Government in a District taking into account the resources available and covering the sectoral activities and schemes assigned to the district level below and those implemented through local governments in the state.” It ensures better delivery of services and efficient use of resources
This document discusses a regional planning approach for sustainable development in Delhi by the year 2050. It summarizes the current National Capital Region plan covering Delhi and surrounding areas in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan states. The region is expected to grow significantly in population over the coming decades, placing importance on integrated regional planning to manage growth.
This document discusses the need for improved public transportation in Delhi, India through the implementation of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system. It notes that Delhi currently has a lower population density but higher road congestion than other major cities. The current transportation situation is outlined, with over 5.4 million registered vehicles leading to choked roads. There is a need for an integrated multi-modal public transportation network by 2021 to address these issues. The first BRT corridor for Delhi is proposed to help improve commuting.
DAY - NRLM (DAY - National Rural Livelihoods Mission) 'राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण आजीव...Abinash Mandilwar
Complete scheme norms of DAY-NRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission) Schemes as per latest RBI guidelines. Important topic for JAIIB/CAIIB Exam and Banking awareness for bankers. Please like, share and comment on the video and subscribe the channel.
This document discusses the history and definitions of rural development in Bangladesh, with a focus on steps taken to promote rural development for women. It describes how rural development has been approached during different time periods, from the Mughal and British periods through independence. It outlines various government and non-government programs established to boost rural livelihoods, agriculture, education, health and women's empowerment. Major national and international non-government organizations working in rural development are also mentioned.
Rural development aims to improve the livelihoods and economic well-being of rural populations. It traditionally focused on agriculture but now also emphasizes education, entrepreneurship, infrastructure and social development. The objectives of rural development are to increase productivity, employment, incomes, health and create new jobs while improving other services. Rural development is important for countries like Bangladesh where most people live in rural areas and the rural economy contributes significantly to GDP. Key elements of rural development in Bangladesh include poverty alleviation, equitable distribution of income/wealth, employment opportunities and local community participation.
Urbanisation in India - 12th Plan (2012 - 2017)NITI Aayog
The document discusses the rapid pace of urbanization expected in India from 2011-2031, with the urban population projected to increase by over 200 million people. It outlines key challenges facing urbanization like housing shortages, lack of basic services, pollution, and congestion. The document proposes strategies for the 12th Five Year Plan like prioritizing job creation, skills training, financing, governance reforms, and capacity building to better manage urban growth and support the urban poor.
Poverty Alleviation Programmes; Area Development Programmes; Women Development Programmes; Agricultural Development Programmes Implemented By State Department Of Agriculture
This document discusses social welfare administration. It defines social welfare administration as the process of efficiently providing resources and services to meet the needs of individuals, groups, and communities.
Social welfare administration has aspects of both an art and a science. As an art, it can be acquired through practical application of knowledge, while as a science, it involves the application of the scientific method and critical examination using universal guidelines.
The objectives of social welfare administration are to understand organizational structures for implementing social welfare programs, provide effective social welfare services, promote public relations, and conduct research and evaluations of projects and social problems.
The scope of social welfare administration involves both the POSDCoRB view of planning, organizing, staffing,
The document discusses rural development in India. It notes that the Ministry of Rural Development aims to accelerate socio-economic development in rural areas by focusing on healthcare, education, water, housing, and roads. Some key issues facing rural development include poverty, lack of access to clean water, low literacy rates, child labor, poor sanitation and health, lack of electricity, unemployment, and inadequate road infrastructure. The document argues that a major challenge is lack of awareness among rural populations about existing development schemes and resources not always being used for their intended purposes.
The community development programme was started in India after independence in 1952. It was a multi-project programme aimed at overall rural development. It included projects focused on agriculture, animal husbandry, irrigation, cooperation, public health, education, communication, and village industries. The programme sought to improve the lives of 80% of India's population that lived in rural farming communities. Officials at the district level planned, executed, and evaluated the program activities at the village level.
This document provides information about population growth trends globally and in India. It discusses India's rising population, with projections that India will become the most populated country by 2036. It also examines population distribution in India between rural and urban areas. The document outlines problems faced in rural India like poverty, lack of infrastructure and services. It emphasizes the importance of rural areas and villages for India's growth and addresses the need for village planning to provide basic amenities and livelihood opportunities. The document proposes a methodology for participatory village planning involving surveys, consultation with residents, and preparation of a development plan addressing issues like housing, water, sanitation, roads and community facilities.
Early experiences of rural development in IndiaArul Actovin
This document discusses early experiments in rural development in India from the pre-independence period to the early 1950s. It describes several key initiatives including the Sriniketan Experiment by Rabindranath Tagore in 1914 to improve villages in various areas such as agriculture, livestock, cooperatives and sanitation. Another important program was the Rural Reconstruction Programme led by Mahatma Gandhi which included initiatives in areas like village industries, education and women's empowerment. After independence, various state-led programs and pilot projects aimed to boost rural development through activities like agricultural demonstrations, infrastructure development and vocational training.
The document discusses social infrastructure in India, including the education system, health care, transportation, housing, environment, and citizen services. It provides details on the structure and administration of education and health care in India. The education system includes six levels from nursery to post-graduation. Health care is administered by state and national governments as well as private providers. Other aspects of social infrastructure like transportation, housing, and the environment are also outlined.
The document discusses urban planning and policies. It defines urban planning as a technical and political process for urban development and design. Urban policies aim to reduce disadvantages in urban areas and improve development. Urban planning is needed due to increasing urbanization, population growth, and environmental issues. Planning involves land use, physical, and economic forms. Goals of planning include improving the environment, health, and development. Major urban policies address issues like pollution, transportation, education, and healthcare. The document concludes that urban planning and policies aim to better develop urban areas and reduce problems through different strategies.
MPPSC GS Mains Test Series 2019- 10Pointer Your Study Companion- Tast Starts ...TenPointer
The document provides the schedule and details for a test series being conducted for the MPPSC exam. It includes:
1) 8 sectional tests, 4 full mock tests, 2 Hindi essay tests, and 1 Hindi mock test will be conducted.
2) Detailed discussion and feedback will be provided for each test to help candidates improve.
3) Evaluation of answer sheets will be done within 2 weeks by experts.
The document provides details about the coursework and registration process for a PhD program at KTU. It includes a list of 3 core subjects and 4 elective subjects to be completed, along with details on each subject's syllabus, credits, semester, etc. It also mentions completing 2 NPTEL courses on GIS and remote sensing. The document is registering and providing information to a PhD scholar about their coursework requirements and registration process at KTU.
The National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) was launched in 2011 with the goal of alleviating poverty through self-managed self-help groups, financial inclusion, and sustainable livelihood opportunities. NRLM aims to cover 7 crore rural households across India. It focuses on social mobilization and building strong grassroots institutions through self-help groups. NRLM provides support structures at national, state, district and local levels to facilitate livelihood programs and access to financial services for rural communities.
Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana - MPs adopting villages & building them as exemplary ones. PM Modi has urged all MPs to use their resources to develop at least one model village by 2019.
A model village is a type of mostly self-contained community, built from the late 18th century onwards by landowners and industrialists to house their workers. Although the villages are located close to the workplace, they are generally physically separated from them and often consist of relatively high quality housing, with integrated community amenities and attractive physical environments. "Model" is used in the sense of an ideal to which other developments could aspire.
This contains findings of empirical research carried out on the people from border areas of Jammu, who have to flee their homes everytime crisis strikes the border.
The process of developing a PRS varies greatly because it takes place in different countries, under different kinds of governments and circumstances. In general, though, the process can be thought of in terms of several phases, although certain elements, particularly participatory processes, may run throughout.
Panchayats have been the backbone of the Indian villages since the beginning of recorded history. Gandhiji, the father of the nation, in 1946 had aptly remarked that the Indian Independence must begin at the bottom and every village ought to be a Republic or Panchayat having powers. Gandhiji dream has been translated into reality with the introduction of the three-tier Panchayati Raj system to ensure people’s participation in rural reconstruction.
An integrated local area plan, based on specific needs of each area, was stressed upon from the beginning of plan development process in 1950s. However, despite several reports and studies, there were only sporadic efforts and isolated cases of such planning.
The passage of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 marks a new era in the federal democratic set up of the country and provides constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). These PRIs are empowered to function as institutions of Self Government and to prepare plans for economic development and social justice and their empowerment. The PRIs constitute the bedrock for the implementation of most of Rural Development Programmes.
Panchayati Raj system of governance provides a 3-tier structure of local governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of administration. The three-tiers include the following: Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat, and District Panchayat. Panchayats are responsible for the preparation of plans for economic development and social justice; implementation of national schemes; and to levy and collect appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees.Govt. of India has elaborated a detailed picture of District Planning through their publication "Manual for Integrated District Planning". This manual will provide guidance in the task of preparing District Plans that are based on a long-term vision, reflect the needs of the people and provide a framework for convergence of programmes and resources so that implementation of the plan yields optimal outcomes and helps address regional imbalances, with a view of bringing all areas of the country into a twenty-first century vision of development.
“District Planning” is the process of preparing an integrated plan for the Local Government in a District taking into account the resources available and covering the sectoral activities and schemes assigned to the district level below and those implemented through local governments in the state.” It ensures better delivery of services and efficient use of resources
This document discusses a regional planning approach for sustainable development in Delhi by the year 2050. It summarizes the current National Capital Region plan covering Delhi and surrounding areas in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan states. The region is expected to grow significantly in population over the coming decades, placing importance on integrated regional planning to manage growth.
This document discusses the need for improved public transportation in Delhi, India through the implementation of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system. It notes that Delhi currently has a lower population density but higher road congestion than other major cities. The current transportation situation is outlined, with over 5.4 million registered vehicles leading to choked roads. There is a need for an integrated multi-modal public transportation network by 2021 to address these issues. The first BRT corridor for Delhi is proposed to help improve commuting.
DAY - NRLM (DAY - National Rural Livelihoods Mission) 'राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण आजीव...Abinash Mandilwar
Complete scheme norms of DAY-NRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission) Schemes as per latest RBI guidelines. Important topic for JAIIB/CAIIB Exam and Banking awareness for bankers. Please like, share and comment on the video and subscribe the channel.
This document discusses the history and definitions of rural development in Bangladesh, with a focus on steps taken to promote rural development for women. It describes how rural development has been approached during different time periods, from the Mughal and British periods through independence. It outlines various government and non-government programs established to boost rural livelihoods, agriculture, education, health and women's empowerment. Major national and international non-government organizations working in rural development are also mentioned.
Rural development aims to improve the livelihoods and economic well-being of rural populations. It traditionally focused on agriculture but now also emphasizes education, entrepreneurship, infrastructure and social development. The objectives of rural development are to increase productivity, employment, incomes, health and create new jobs while improving other services. Rural development is important for countries like Bangladesh where most people live in rural areas and the rural economy contributes significantly to GDP. Key elements of rural development in Bangladesh include poverty alleviation, equitable distribution of income/wealth, employment opportunities and local community participation.
Urbanisation in India - 12th Plan (2012 - 2017)NITI Aayog
The document discusses the rapid pace of urbanization expected in India from 2011-2031, with the urban population projected to increase by over 200 million people. It outlines key challenges facing urbanization like housing shortages, lack of basic services, pollution, and congestion. The document proposes strategies for the 12th Five Year Plan like prioritizing job creation, skills training, financing, governance reforms, and capacity building to better manage urban growth and support the urban poor.
Poverty Alleviation Programmes; Area Development Programmes; Women Development Programmes; Agricultural Development Programmes Implemented By State Department Of Agriculture
This document discusses social welfare administration. It defines social welfare administration as the process of efficiently providing resources and services to meet the needs of individuals, groups, and communities.
Social welfare administration has aspects of both an art and a science. As an art, it can be acquired through practical application of knowledge, while as a science, it involves the application of the scientific method and critical examination using universal guidelines.
The objectives of social welfare administration are to understand organizational structures for implementing social welfare programs, provide effective social welfare services, promote public relations, and conduct research and evaluations of projects and social problems.
The scope of social welfare administration involves both the POSDCoRB view of planning, organizing, staffing,
The document discusses rural development in India. It notes that the Ministry of Rural Development aims to accelerate socio-economic development in rural areas by focusing on healthcare, education, water, housing, and roads. Some key issues facing rural development include poverty, lack of access to clean water, low literacy rates, child labor, poor sanitation and health, lack of electricity, unemployment, and inadequate road infrastructure. The document argues that a major challenge is lack of awareness among rural populations about existing development schemes and resources not always being used for their intended purposes.
The community development programme was started in India after independence in 1952. It was a multi-project programme aimed at overall rural development. It included projects focused on agriculture, animal husbandry, irrigation, cooperation, public health, education, communication, and village industries. The programme sought to improve the lives of 80% of India's population that lived in rural farming communities. Officials at the district level planned, executed, and evaluated the program activities at the village level.
This document provides information about population growth trends globally and in India. It discusses India's rising population, with projections that India will become the most populated country by 2036. It also examines population distribution in India between rural and urban areas. The document outlines problems faced in rural India like poverty, lack of infrastructure and services. It emphasizes the importance of rural areas and villages for India's growth and addresses the need for village planning to provide basic amenities and livelihood opportunities. The document proposes a methodology for participatory village planning involving surveys, consultation with residents, and preparation of a development plan addressing issues like housing, water, sanitation, roads and community facilities.
Early experiences of rural development in IndiaArul Actovin
This document discusses early experiments in rural development in India from the pre-independence period to the early 1950s. It describes several key initiatives including the Sriniketan Experiment by Rabindranath Tagore in 1914 to improve villages in various areas such as agriculture, livestock, cooperatives and sanitation. Another important program was the Rural Reconstruction Programme led by Mahatma Gandhi which included initiatives in areas like village industries, education and women's empowerment. After independence, various state-led programs and pilot projects aimed to boost rural development through activities like agricultural demonstrations, infrastructure development and vocational training.
The document discusses social infrastructure in India, including the education system, health care, transportation, housing, environment, and citizen services. It provides details on the structure and administration of education and health care in India. The education system includes six levels from nursery to post-graduation. Health care is administered by state and national governments as well as private providers. Other aspects of social infrastructure like transportation, housing, and the environment are also outlined.
The document discusses urban planning and policies. It defines urban planning as a technical and political process for urban development and design. Urban policies aim to reduce disadvantages in urban areas and improve development. Urban planning is needed due to increasing urbanization, population growth, and environmental issues. Planning involves land use, physical, and economic forms. Goals of planning include improving the environment, health, and development. Major urban policies address issues like pollution, transportation, education, and healthcare. The document concludes that urban planning and policies aim to better develop urban areas and reduce problems through different strategies.
MPPSC GS Mains Test Series 2019- 10Pointer Your Study Companion- Tast Starts ...TenPointer
The document provides the schedule and details for a test series being conducted for the MPPSC exam. It includes:
1) 8 sectional tests, 4 full mock tests, 2 Hindi essay tests, and 1 Hindi mock test will be conducted.
2) Detailed discussion and feedback will be provided for each test to help candidates improve.
3) Evaluation of answer sheets will be done within 2 weeks by experts.
The document provides details about the coursework and registration process for a PhD program at KTU. It includes a list of 3 core subjects and 4 elective subjects to be completed, along with details on each subject's syllabus, credits, semester, etc. It also mentions completing 2 NPTEL courses on GIS and remote sensing. The document is registering and providing information to a PhD scholar about their coursework requirements and registration process at KTU.
The document outlines the course contents and objectives for 6 courses in Semester VI of a BBA program: Indian Economy, Strategic Management, Rural Marketing, Communication Techniques, and 2 others.
The Indian Economy course covers the characteristics of the Indian economy, its development factors, natural and infrastructural resources, population policies, poverty, unemployment, and economic planning. The Strategic Management course covers concepts like strategy formulation, analysis, implementation, evaluation and control, and e-commerce strategies. Rural Marketing covers defining rural markets, the rural environment, consumer behavior, and marketing strategies for rural areas. Communication Techniques focuses on improving oral, presentation, listening, and speaking skills.
Economics orientation new class lecture pdftermpaper2024
The document outlines the exam patterns for the UPSC CSE exam and the Economics optional subject. It discusses the prelims exam pattern with two papers, the mains exam pattern with 9 papers including the economics optional papers, and the personality test. It also provides details about the syllabus for paper 1 and 2 of the economics optional. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding the syllabus, analyzing previous year question papers, practicing with mock tests, focusing on current affairs, using diagrams and graphs, and revising regularly to score well in the exam.
This document outlines the examination scheme for undergraduate courses (BA) at Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. It provides details of the subjects, papers, and course structure for the BA program across the first, second, and third years. In the first year, subjects include Hindi, English, entrepreneurship development, sociology, economics, history, political science, geography, and computer science. For each subject, the relevant papers and their content are described. The document also provides information on the paper pattern, grading system, and recommended textbooks for different subjects and papers.
The document provides information about the Punjab Civil Services exam conducted by the Punjab Public Service Commission. It details the eligibility criteria including age limits, educational qualifications, and language requirements. It describes the exam structure which includes a preliminary exam with objective questions, a main exam with subjective questions, and an interview. The main exam consists of papers on Punjabi, English, essay writing, and subjects like history, polity, economics, and geography. Previous year selections and ranks of top candidates are also mentioned to showcase the prestige of securing a position through this exam.
This document is Caroline Brassard's curriculum vitae. It outlines her educational background which includes a Ph.D. in Economics from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. It details over 25 years of experience in economic development research, lecturing, and fieldwork focused on topics like poverty alleviation, empirical analysis, and development governance. She has held positions at various universities including the National University of Singapore where she is currently an Adjunct Assistant Professor. The CV lists her publications, works in progress, and consulting experience on topics related to economic development, poverty, and disaster governance in Asia.
Chanakya Mains Test Series (CMTS) is a comprehensive test series offered by Chanakya IAS Academy for UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination. The series covers the entire syllabus of the Mains exam in a systematic and proactive manner, helping candidates assess their preparation level and identify areas where they need improvement.
The CMTS consists of 13 tests, divided into 7 Advanced Tests, 4 Full Length Tests, and 2 Essay Tests. The tests are conducted in a simulated exam environment, with strict time limits and marking scheme. This helps candidates get used to the pressure of the actual exam and improve their time management skills.
The CMTS is conducted by a team of experienced faculty members who are experts in the UPSC syllabus. The tests are designed to be challenging but fair, and they provide valuable feedback to help candidates improve their performance.
Poverty in India is widespread, and a variety of methods have been proposed to measure it. The official measure of Indian government, before 2005, was based on food security and it was defined from per capita expenditure for a person to consume enough calories and be able to pay for associated essentials to survive. Since 2005, Indian government adopted the Tendulkar methodology which moved away from calorie anchor to a basket of goods and used rural, urban and regional minimum expenditure per capita necessary to survive.
The World Bank has similarly revised its definition and benchmarks to measure poverty since 1990, with $2.25 per day income on purchasing power parity basis as the definition in use from 2005 to 2013. Some semi-economic and non-economic indices have also been proposed to measure poverty in India; for example, the Multi-dimensional Poverty Index placed 33% weight on number of years spent in school and education and 6.25% weight on financial condition of a person, in order to determine if that person is poor.
As a part of internship at MGNCRE, I have prepared this report on a village in Andhra Pradesh. This report typically includes PRA tools to document the problems of the village. I am currently pursuing MBA in Rural Management at KIIT School of Rural Management.
The syllabus covers topics across three semesters including project management, entrepreneurship, consumer behavior and marketing research, sales and logistics management, and advertising and sales promotion management. Some key areas discussed are project scope management, risk management, building high-performance teams, rural entrepreneurship, factors influencing consumer behavior, marketing research designs, sales force management, distribution channels, and elements of promotion mix. References are provided for further reading on each topic.
GENERAL STUDIES MAINS TEST SERIES 2014 :
23 Qualitative Test to enhance your preparation standards
Prepared by experienced & seasonal brains, such that in previous year more than 50% of the Test series Questions matched with the Exam Paper.
Not just excellent quality but also quantity to prepare, practice & succeed.
Not just a test series,but a compact Crash Course.
Most Scientifically designed pattern & syllabus.
Tests in four levels, covers topics from basics to advanced.
Detailed analysis & discussion by experienced faculty of VVR.
To the point marking and augmented assessments at every point.
The document discusses Kerala's People's Planning Campaign (KPPC), a decentralized planning program in Kerala, India. [1] It provides an introduction and objectives of studying KPPC. [2] It then covers the origin and evolution of decentralized planning and KPPC in Kerala from the 1950s onwards. [3] The planning process under KPPC engaged various community organizations at different administrative levels to identify local needs, prioritize projects, and prepare development plans. Research studies on KPPC found it effective in shifting local spending but faced some challenges in adherence to guidelines.
Proposal for Baseline Study for BSNL in New Tehri DistrictMohit Rajput
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Syllabus of B.A./BSW of Tribhuvan University of Nepal
1. 1
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
Revised Curriculum
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
CURRICULUM FOR THREE YEAR BACHELOR LEVEL
PROGRAM IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT
2072
CENTRAL DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY, KIRTIPUR, KATHMANDU
NEPAL
2. 2
Rural Development
Introduction
There are six papers in this course of which five compulsory and one is functional paper.
Objectives
The objectives of this course are to acquaint the students with theories, approaches,
techniques and issues of rural development.
It is also to promote the scientific approach in identifying development issues and solving
problems practically regarding social, economic, political and environmental sectors.
Course Structure
Paper Year Code
No.
Title Full Marks
Theory Practical Total
I First R.D. 311 Rural Development Theories
and Approaches
80 20 100
II Second R.D. 312 Rural Economy 80 20 100
III Second R.D. 313 Rural Resources, Environment
and Management
80 20 100
IV Third R.D. 314 Rural Sociology 80 20 100
V Third R.D. 315 Government, Institutions and
Local Governance
80 20 100
Functional Paper
VI Third R.D. 316 Rural Development Practices 50 50 100
3. 3
Rural Development
Theories and Approaches
(Theory 80 Marks)
Course No. 311 Full Marks: 80
Year: First Pass Marks: 28
Paper: I Lecture Hours: 120
Course Objective
- The objective of this course is to make students familiar with the basic concepts,
theories, and approaches of rural development with reference to Nepal. It also aims to
provide students with the basic research and statistical tools.
Contents
Units LH
1. Concept of Development 15
1.1 Meaning, Growth and Development, Core Values of Development
1.2 Indicators of Development and Dimensions of Development
1.3 Underdevelopment and Characteristics of Underdeveloped Economy
1.4 Rural Development: Meaning, Objectives and Significance
2. Development Theories 40
Modernization Theory, Lewis Theory of Unlimited Supply of Labor, The Doctrine of
Balanced and Unbalanced Growth Theory
Dependency Theory, Schultz's Theory of Traditional Agriculture Transformation,
Sustainable Development, Human Development
3. Approaches of Development 15
Community Development Approach, Integrated Rural Development Approach, Basic
Needs Approach, Participatory Approach, Rights Based Approach, Rural Livelihood
Approach
4. 4
4. Planning for Rural Development 10
Meaning, Objectives, Types and Need of Planning for Rural Development
5. Rural Project Management 10
Meaning, Features and Project Cycle
6. Research Techniques for Rural Development 10
6.1 Nature and Source of Data
6.2 Census and Sampling Method
6.3 Data Collection Techniques and Tools
6.3.1 Household Survey, Observation, Key Informant Interview, Focus Group
Discussion
6.3.2 Questionnaires and Checklist
7. Statistical Techniques 20
7.1.1 Measures of Central Tendency
7.1.2 Measures of Dispersion
7.1.3 Correlation and Regression Analysis
References
Adhikari, S.P. (2000). Rural Development in Nepal: Problems and Prospects (2nd
ed).
Kathmandu: Sajha Prakashan.
Baskota, S. (2006). Statistical Methods for Rural Development. Kathmandu: New Hira Books
Enterprises.
Bista, S.B. (2000). Rural Development in Nepal: An Alternative Strategy. Kathmandu: Udaya
Books.
Blackely, E.J. & Ted, K.B.(2003). Planning Local Economic Development: Theory &
Practice. New Delhi: Vistar Publication.
CBS (2010/11). Nepal living Standard Survey III. Kathmandu: CBS.
CBS (2011). Nepal Population Report, 2011. Kathmandu: CBS.
5. 5
Chambers, R. (1989). Rural development: Putting the last first. London: Longman
Publishers.
Ellis, F. and Biggs, S. (2001). Evolving Themes in Rural Development 1950s-2000s, In
Development Policy Review, 19 (4), Pp.437-448.
Hada, G.B. (2061). Economic and Social Development in Nepal. Kathmandu: Dikshanta
Pustak Bhandar.
Hada, G.B.& Aryal B. (2004). Economics of Development and Planning in Rural
Perspective. Kathmandu: Dikshanta Pustak Bhandar.
Higgins, B. (2001). Economic Development: Problems, principles and Practice. India.
Human development reports (latest).
Kunwar, K. B. (2010). Rural Development in Developing Countries (2nd
ed.). Kathmandu:
Meena Prakashan.
Kunwar, K.B. (2003). The Himalayan Poverty: Prosperity through Rural Development.
Kathmandu: Mina Prakashan.
Kunwar, K.B. (2064 B.S). Poverty and Community Development: Theory and Practice.
Kathmandu: Meena Prakashan.
Lary, R. (2008). Project Management step by Step. New Delhi: Sultan Chand & Sons.
Lekhi, R.K. (2008). Economic Development and Planning. New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers.
Mathema, K. B. (2008). Economics of Development. Kirtipur: New Hira Books Enterprises.
Mathema, K.B. (2001). Strategies of Rural Development in Nepal: Some Observations Some
Thoughts. Kathmandu: Sita Devi Mathema.
Ministry of Finance (2015). Economic Survey of Nepal, 2014/15. Kathmandu: MoF.
NPC – Various Plan Documents.
Pieterse, J.N. (2010). Development Theory (2nd
edition). New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Prasanna, C. (2006). Projects Planning, Analysis, Selection, Financing, Implementation and
Review(6th
ed). New Delhi:Tata-McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd.
Sen, A. (2000). Development as Freedom (Indian edition). New Delhi: Oxford University
Press.
Sharma, P. (2003). A Handbook of Social Science Research Methodology. Kathmandu:
Kshitiz Prakashan.
6. 6
Shultz, T. (1962). Transforming Traditional Agriculture. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Singh, K. (2009). Rural development; Principles, policies and management (3rd
ed.). New
Delhi: Sage Publications.
Todaro, M.P & Smith, S.C. (2010). Economic Development (10th
edition). Delhi: Pearson
Education Asia.
UNDP. (2004). Nepal Human Development Report, 2004; ‘Empowerment and poverty
reduction’. Kathmandu: UNDP.
Van Der Ploeg et.al (2000). Rural Development: from Practices and Policies toward Theory.
Sociologia Ruralis, (40), 4. Pp. 391-408.
William, A.T. and Christopher, A.J. (2011). Rural Development, Concepts and recent
Approaches. India: Rawat Publications.
World Development Reports (latest).
7. 7
Practical
(20 Marks)
Full Marks: 20
Pass Marks: 10 Lecture Hours: 30
Instructions:
- This course offers students to involve in proposal writing for the partial fulfillment of the
requirement which is compulsory to all. For it, students should be in close coordination
with their assigned faulty member/s for the completion of the task. The potential area of
the task can be on the topic related to development issues i.e micro-enterprises,
agriculture (farming and livestock), drinking water, sanitation, solid waste management,
community health campaign/awareness, educational status of government schools,
capacity enhancement of users' group/mothers' group and other relevant topics.
- The final proposal should be submitted to the respective college. The students should
compulsorily present their accomplished task for final evaluation and approval in the
presence of respective faculty member/s and external.
- Students should bear the expenses of proposal writing and other related activities as
fixed by the respective campuses/colleges.
Proposal Format:
- Face-Sheet (with study title, submitted to- department/campus, submitted by-name of
student, T.U. Regd. No. and class roll no.)
Acknowledgements
Contents
- Background of the Proposal, Significance of the Proposal, Objectives of the Proposal,
Project Implementation Modality, Expected Outcomes, Estimated Budget and Plan of
Action.
- References
Appendix
Page Format: Margin- Standard (1 inch each side) Font - Times New Roman, titles font
size-14, text font size-12, 1.5 line space, pages: 20-25 at Microsoft Word.
8. 8
Rural Economy
(Theory 80 Marks)
Course No. 312 Full Marks: 80
Year: Second Pass Marks: 28
Paper: II Lecture Hours: 120
Course Objective
- The overall objective of the course is to offer students with the clear understanding of
various thematic areas of rural economy so that students will generate the knowledge of
various economic dimensions of rural development.
- After completing the course, the students are expected to develop the skill and
knowledge in analyzing and solving the problems and issues of rural development in
general and rural economic development in particular.
Contents
Units LH
1 Basic Concept of Economics 15
1.1 Fundamental Concept of Economics: Scarcity and Choice; Supply and Demand;
Factors of Production
1.2 Micro Economics and Macro Economics: Concept, Importance and Principles
1.3 Different Sources of Rural Economy
2 Dimensions of Rural Economy of Nepal 25
2.1 Nature, Characteristics and Structure of Rural Economy
2.2 Demographic Characteristics (Population Growth, Composition and Distribution)
of Rural Economy
2.3 Agriculture Economy of Nepal: Concept, Status, Cropping Pattern, Land Use
Pattern, and Agriculture Modernization
2.4 Rural Industries: Concept, Classification, Status, Problems and Prospects
2.5 Remittance: Concept, Status, and Importance in Rural Economy
9. 9
2.6 Service Sector: Concept, Types and Importance in Rural Economy
3 Rural Marketing and Entrepreneurship Development 15
3.1 Rural Market: Concept, Types, and Features
3.2 Rural Marketing Strategy and Value-Chain
3.3 Agriculture Marketing System: Problems and Prospects
3.4 Entrepreneurship: Concept and Characteristics
3.5 Problems and Prospects of Rural Entrepreneurship in Nepal
4 Rural Infrastructure and Development 20
4.1 Rural Infrastructure: Concept and different Forms (Physical Infrastructure and
Social Infrastructure)
4.2 Present Status of Rural Infrastructure (Transportation, Electricity, Irrigation,
Communication, Education, Health, and Human Resource)
4.3 Role of Rural Infrastructure in Rural Development
4.4 Problems and Prospects of Rural Infrastructure Development in Nepal
5 Political Economy of Rural Development 10
5.1 Land Reform
5.2 Economic Reform Policies: Privatization, Liberalization and Globalization
5.3 Public Private Partnership
6 Micro Credit and Rural Cooperatives 15
6.1 Micro-credit: Concept, Features and Importance
6.2 Problems and Prospects of Micro-Finance Development in Nepal
6.3 Cooperatives: Concept, Principles, Types and Importance
6.4 Present Status of Cooperatives in Nepal
6.5 Problems and Prospects of Cooperative Development in Nepal
7 Economic Issues and Challenges of Rural Development 20
7.1 Poverty and Inequality: Concept, Types, Status, Causes and Mitigation Measures
7.2 Unemployment: Concept, Types, Causes and Mitigation Measures
7.3 Land Fragmentation and Food Security
7.4 Migration and Shortage of Labor Force
10. 10
References
Acharya, V. R. (2005). Nepalko Shram Arthashastra. Kathmandu: NEFAS/FES.
ADB/Nepal (2003). Rural Finance in Nepal. Kathmandu: ADB/Nepal.
-------- (2005). Agriculture Credit. Kathmandu: ADB/Nepal.
Agrawal, G. R. (2000). Project Management in Nepal. Kathmandu: M. K. Publishers &
Distributors.
Bhatia, H.L. (2012). Public Finance. India:Vikas Publishing House Ltd.
Byerlee, D., & Jackson, C. (2005). Agriculture, Rural Development and Pro-Poor Growth.
Washington DC: World Bank.
Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Population Census Report (latest)
Dahal, M. K. & Horst, M.(eds.) (1997). Social Economy & National Development.
Kathmandu: NEFAS/FES.
Dahal, R.K. (2009). Political Economy of Nepal. Kathmandu: Dikshanta Prakashan, Kirtipur
Fernanado, N. A. (2008). Rural Development Outcomes and Drivers. Maniala: Asian
Development Bank.
GFMECD (2005). Services for Rural Development Sector Project, Knowledge Systems in
Rural Areas. Germany: German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and
Development.
Hussi, P., Murphy, J., Linberg, O., & Brennemen, L. (1993). The Development Cooperatives
and Other Rural Organizations. Washington DC: World Bank.
Hyun, H. Son (2008). Conditional Cash Transfer Programs. Manila: Asian Development
Bank.
James, C., & Van, H. (1999). Financial Management and Policy. Delhi: Prentice-Hall of
India Ltd.
Kunwar, K.B. (2003). The Himalayan Poverty: Prosperity through Rural Development.
Kathmandu: Meena Prakashan.
Mahabub UL Haq Development Center (2003). Human Development in South Asia. New
York: Select Book.
Meyer, R., & Geetha, N. (2000). Rural Financial Markets in Asia. Hong Kong: University
Press.
11. 11
Mihaly, E. B. (1965). Foreign Aid and Politics in Nepal. Landon: Oxford University Press.
Ministry of Finance (MoF) Economic Survey (latest).
-------- (MoF) National Budget of Nepal (latest).
MoLJ - Law Books Management Board (1998). Local Self-Governance Act, 2055.
Kathmandu: Ministry of Law and Justice, Law Books Management Board.
Nepal Rastra Bank Publications.
NPC (various years). Five Year Plans and Interim Plans, Kathmandu: National Planning
Commission.
NPC and UNDP (latest) Nepal Human Development Report, Kathmandu: National Planning
Commission / United Nations Development Program.
Publications of Department of Roads, Electricity, Forest, Cottage and Small Scale Industries,
Health, Education, Communication and Cooperatives.
Shenggen, F. (2005). Investment or Subsidies. Canberra: Australian Centre for International
Agricultural Research.
Shrestha, M. (2009). Community Development. Kathmandu: Quest Publication.
Singh, J.& Dhillon, S.S. (1982). Agricultural Geography. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing House.
Warren, F. L., Boehlje, M. D., Nelson, A. G. & Murray, W. G. (1988). Agricultural Finance.
Iowa: Iowa State University Press.
Weitz, R. (1975). Integrated Rural Development: The Rehovot Approach. Israel:
Development Study Centre, Rehovot.
World Bank (2005). Agricultural Growth for the Poor: An Agenda for Development.
Washington DC: World Bank.
Zeller, M. (2000). Socio-Economic of Rural Development. Germany: Institute for Rurale
Entwicklung.
12. 12
Practical
(20 Marks)
Full Marks: 20
Pass Marks: 10 Lecture Hours: 30
Instructions:
- This course offers students to involve in report writing for the partial fulfillment of the
requirement which is compulsory to all. For it, students should be in close coordination
with their subject teachers for the completion of the task. The potential area of the task
can be on the topic related to rural economy i.e. rural market, entrepreneurship, rural
industries, agriculture, remittance, rural infrastructure, public- private partnership,
micro-credits, cooperatives and other relevant topics.
- The final report should be submitted to the respective college. The students should
compulsorily present their accomplished task for final evaluation and approval in the
presence of respective teachers and external.
- Students should bear the expenses associated with field study and other research related
activities as fixed by respective campuses.
Field Report Format:
- Face-Sheet (with study title, submitted to- department/campus, submitted by-name of
student, T.U. Regd. No. and class roll no.)
Acknowledgements
Contents
- Background of the Study, Significance of the Study, Objectives of the Study,
Methodologies, Study Area Description, Highlight of Major Field Activities, Analysis
and Presentation of Data, Findings of the Study, Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
Appendix
Page Format: Margin- Standard (1 inch each side) Font - Times New Roman, titles font
size-14, text font size-12, 1.5 line space, pages: 20-25 at Microsoft Word.
13. 13
Rural Resources, Environment and Management
(Theory 80 Marks)
Course No. 313 Full Marks: 80
Year: Second Pass Marks: 28
Paper: III Lecture Hours: 120
Course Objective
- To impart knowledge on interrelationship between population and environmental
components, environmental conservation policies adopted by Nepal and the pattern of
use of environmental resources.
- To familiarize students to the issues involved in the factors of environmental
degradation and management.
Contents
Unit LH
1. Rural natural Resources and Environment 15
1.1 Definition and Meaning of Natural Resources
1.2 Types of Natural Resources in Rural Area; Renewable and Exhaustible
1.3 Nature of Resources: Natural and Manmade
1.4 Use and Misuse of Natural Resources
1.5 Definition and Meaning of Environment
1.6 Environment and Ecology
1.7 Types of Environment; Natural and Manmade
2. Interrelationship between Human Communities and Environments 10
2.1 Human and Environment Relationship: Approaches and Thoughts
2.1.1 Determinism or Environmentalism: Pristine State
2.1.2 Possibilism or Developmentalism: Change State
2.2 Influences of Environment on Human (different physical factors)
2.3 Human's Influences on Environment: Functional Landscape, Ecumene and
Esthetic
14. 14
3. Human Settlement 10
3.1 Meaning and Origin of Settlements
3.2 Types of Settlements: Dispersed and Agglomeration and their Relationship with
Surrounding Resources
3.3 Different Ways of Use of Resources
3.4 Sustainable Rural Resources: Meaning, Relationship with Settlement Types and
Methods of Use of Resources
4. Natural Resources 25
4.1 Concept
4.2 Quality of resources: Land, Forest, Pasture and Water
4.3 Production practices: Shifting Cultivation, Transhumance, Subsistence Farming,
Intensive Farming, Commercial Farming
4.4 Classification of Resources (Land, Forest, Pasture and Water)
4.5 Distribution of Resources (Land, Forest, Pasture and Water)
4.6 Resource Conflicts: Concept, Types, Causes and Controlling Measures
4.7 Natural Resource Conservation Practices: People Managed, Community Managed
and State Managed
5. Environmental Degradation and Depletions 15
5.1 Meaning and Types of Environmental Degradations: Landslides, Soil Erosion,
Flood, Siltation, Water, Pollution and Land Pollution
5.2 Impacts of Degradations and Depletions on Local Environment and Health of
Human Communities
5.3 Controlling Measures of Degradations and Depletions (all those stated above)
6. Methods of Environmental Resources Planning and Management 25
6.1 Human Population and Natural Resources Relationship (density and pressure)
6.2 Impacts of Infrastructure Development Activities and Environment
6.3 Environmental Resources Mapping with Respect to Population and Areas and their
Interpretations
6.4 Access of Rural people to the Available Resources and Measurement
15. 15
7. Environmental Resources Planning and Management Strategies 20
7.1 Government Policies in Natural Resource Planning and Development of the four
Resources: Land, Forest, Pasture and Water
7.2 Role of Civil Society and Local Organizations (traditional organizations, User's
organizations and NGOs) in Planning and Management of the Natural Resources
7.3 Environmental Conservation and Management Strategies for Land, Forest, Pasture
and Water
References
ADB .(1986). Environmental Planning and Management. Manila: ADB.
Bhandari, B. (2058). Manab Bhugol., Kathmandu : Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
Brown, L. and Eckholm, E. (1975). Man, Food and Environment in Murdoch, William W.C:
(eds) Resources, Pollution and Society, USA : SINAVER ASSOCIATES, INC.
Carter, H. (1983). An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography. London : Edward Arnold
(publishers) Ltd.
Cloud, P. (1975). Mineral Resources Today and Tomorrow. In
Murdoch, William W.C. (ed) Resources, Pollution and Soiety. USA: SINAVER
ASSOCIATES, INC.
Cheetri, R. B. and Gurung, O. P. (1999). Anthropology and Sociology in Nepal. Kathmandu:
SASON.
Dasmanna, R.F. (1984). Environmental Conservation. USA: John Wiley & Sons California
Dunwar-Odom, Do. (2001).Working with Ideas. USA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Encylopendia of Environmental Science. (1985). McGraw Hill.
Ghosh, B.N. (1987) Fundamentals of Population Geography. India: Sterling Publishers Pvt.
Ltd.
Ghosh, S. (1998). Introduction to Settlement Geograpahy. India: Orient Longman Limited.
Gilpin, A. (1996). Dictionary of Environment and Sustainable Development. England: John
Wiley and Sons Ltd. West Sussex.
Gov/NPC (2013) First Plan. Kathmandu.
16. 16
---------- (2019) Second Plan. Kathmandu.
---------- (2042) Seventh Plan. Kathmandu.
---------- (2052) Ninth Plan. Kathmandu.
---------- (2059) Tenth Pla. Kathmandu.
---------- (2067) Eleventh Interim Plan. Kathmandu.
Eyler, J. & D.E.Giles, Jr. (1999). Where is the Learning in Service-Learning? USA: Jossey-
Bass Publishers.
Gurung, O. P. (1987). Inter-relationship Among Pasture, Animal Husbandry and Agriculture,
A Case study of Tarai village. Kathmandu: WINROCK International.
Guinness, P. & Garrett, N. (2002). Advanced Geography Concepts & Cases. London: Holder
Headline Plc.
Hill, M. (2003). Rural Settlement and the Impact on the Countryside. London: Gray
Publishing, Tunbridge Wells, Kent.
GoN/CBS. ( 2004). Environment Statistics of Nepal, 2004. Kathmandu: CBS.
GoN/N .(1988). Master Plan for the forestry Sector, Nepal. Kathmandu : MOFSC.
GoN/IUCN.(1988). The National Conservation Strategy for Nepal. Kathmandu:
GOV/IUCN.
GoN/N .(2001). State of Environment Nepal 2001 (Agriculture & Forest). Nepal: MOPE.
---------- (2000). Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in forest Resource management in
Nepal. Kathmandu: Department of forest Research & survey (MoFSL).
Jannelli, P. (1984). The Principles of Pasture improvement and Range Management and their
Application in Somalia. Rome: FAO.
ICIMOD. (2006). Environment Assessment of Nepal, Emerging Issues and Challenges.
Kathmandu: ICIMOD & ADB.
ICIMOD. (2000). Land Polices, Land Management and Land Degradation in the Hindu
Kuash-Himalayan Nepal (Study Report). Kathmandu: ICIMOD.
IUCN (2003). ;+/If0f ;xsfo{ g]kfnLdf_. Kathmandu: IUCN.
Jagadeesan, H. (2004). Pollution in Mamata Danda. New Delhi: Sage Publication.
Jha, P.K. (1992). Environment and Man in Nepal. n.p: Kathmandu.
17. 17
John. I, C. (1973). Population Pressure on Resources: The Problem of Evaluation in
Benjamin Bernard. Cox, P. and R. P, John (eds) Resources and population. London:
Academic Press.
Karki, B. D. (1997). Indigenous Pasture and Livestock Management in Highland Nepal: A
case of Mali Village Development Committee of Dolakha District. An Unpublished
thesis in Anthropology, TU, Kathmandu.
Katyal, T. & M. Satake. (1998). Environment Pollution. India: Annual Publication PVT .Ltd.
K.C., D.R. (1994). Pasture and Livestock Management in the Himalayan Region of Nepal: A
Case study of Chami Goth in sytral Village Development Committee, Rasuwa District.
An Unpublished Dissertation in Sociology and Anthropology TU, Kathmandu.
Lekhak, H.D and Lekhak, B. (2003). Natural Resource Conservation and Sustainable
Development in Nepal. Kathmandu: Kshitz Publication.
LRMP .(1986). Land System Report. Kathmandu: Land System Mapping Report.
Maharjan, S.D (2000). Introduction to Environment. In Pandey B.D et. al (eds). Environment
Education: Source Book. Kathmandu: IUCN.
Miller, G. T. (1988). Environmental Science An Introduction. USA: Wordsworth Publishing
Company.
NEFEJ. (2005). Nepal Sustainability Watch Report 2005. Kathmandu: NEEFEJ.
Nepal, R. M., Ghimire, J. and Silwal, H. (2013). Rural resources, Environment and
management. Kathmandu: Namastema Prakashan.
Oli, K. P. (1994). Local Decision Making Structures and Resource Management in Nepal in
Environment. In Journal of Environment (Special Issue ). Kathmandu: GOV/NPC.
Pradhan, P. K. (2003). Mannual for Urban Rural Linkage & Rural Development Analysis.
Kathmandu: New Hira Books Enterprises.
Pradhan, P. K. & Pradhan, B. (2006). Environment and Natural Resources, Concepts,
Methods ,Planning and Management. Kathmandu: Quest Publication.
Sjoberg, G. (1960). The Origin and Evolution of Cities. New York: n.p.
Sing, A.K & Kumara, V.K and Singh, J. (1987). Forest Resource Economy and
Environment. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
18. 18
Shrestha, K.B. (1992). Man and Environment. In Environment Vol 2, No 2 June . Nepal
Environment Conservation Group.
Sterner, T. (2003). Policy Instruments for Environment and Natural Resources Management.
USA: Resource for the Future.
Trochim, W. M. The Research Methods Knowledge Base 2nd
Edition.
UNEP. (2001). Nepal State of Environment 2001. Bangkok: UNEP.
19. 19
Practical
(20 Marks)
Full Marks: 20
Pass Marks: 10 Lecture Hours: 30
Instructions:
- This course offers students to involve in field study for the partial fulfillment of the
requirement which is compulsory to all. For it, students should be in close coordination
with their assigned faulty member/s for the completion of the task. The potential area of
the task can be on the topic related to environmental issues i.e development,
conservation, degradation and depletion and other relevant topics. Students can use field
work tools such as schedule, checklist and map in the field (introduction to general map
elements, resources identification and interpretation e.g. LRMP land use map).
- The final report should be submitted to the respective college. The students should
compulsorily present their accomplished task for final evaluation and approval in the
presence of respective faculty member/s and external.
- Students should bear the expenses associated with field study and other research related
activities as fixed by respective campuses.
Field Report Format:
- Face-Sheet (with study title, submitted to- department/campus, submitted by-name of
student, T.U. Regd. No.and class roll no.)
Acknowledgements
Contents
- Background of the Study, Significance of the Study, Objectives of the Study,
Methodologies, Study Area Description, Highlight of Major Field Activities, Analysis
and Presentation of Data, Findings of the Study, Conclusion, Recommendations
- References
Appendix
Page Format: Margin- Standard (1 inch each side) Font - Times New Roman, titles font
size -14, text font size-12, 1.5 line space, pages: 20-25 at Microsoft Word.
20. 20
Rural Sociology
(Theory 80 Marks)
Course No. 314 Full Marks: 80
Paper: IV Pass Marks: 28
Year: Third Lecture Hours: 120
Course Objectives
- The objective of this course is to acquaint students with basic concepts, theories and
methods of rural sociology and to apply them in analyzing rural development process in
Nepal.
Contents
Unit LH
1. Introduction 20
1.1 Rural Sociology: Meaning, Nature and Importance
1.2 Relation of Rural Sociology with other Social Sciences
1.3 Major Fields of Rural Sociology: Subject Matters, Methods and Tools
1.4 Different Branches of Rural Sociology
1.5 Applied Sociology in Rural Development
2. Rural Social Structure 25
2.1 Characteristics of Rural People and Rural Life
2.2 Physical, Social and Economic Structure of Rural Society
2.3 Social Institution: Family, Marriage, Kinship, Polity and Economy
2.4 Social Stratification: Caste, Class, Gender and Ethnicity
2.5 Social Process: Acculturation ,Enculturation , Accommodation, Integration
3. Social Change 20
3.1 Concept and Meaning
3.2 Sources of Change
3.3 Factors of Social Change (Demography, Technology and Economy)
3.4 Relation between Social, Cultural and Political Changes and Development
21. 21
3.5 Social Mobilization and its Role in Social Change
4. Approaches of Development 25
4.1 State-Led Development
4.2 Market-Led Development
4.3 NGO-Led Development
4.4 People Centered Development
4.5 Self-Help Development
4.6 Localization of Development
5. Organization and Leadership 20
5.1 Concept and Meaning of Organization
5.2 Basic Elements of Organization
5.3 Induced and Indigenous Organization
5.4. Leader and Leadership in Organization
5.5. Elements, Nature and Characteristics of Leadership
6. Methods of study 10
6.1 Concept and Meaning of 'Field work'
6.2 Methods of Field Work – Rapport Building, Survey, PRA and RRA
6.3 Preparation of Field Report
References
Adhikari, S.P., (1980). Rural Development in Nepal. Kathmandu: Sajha Prakashan.
Bhattachan, K. & Mishra, C. (1997). Development Practices in Nepal. Kathmandu: Central
Department of Sociology/Anthropology, Tribhuvan University.
Bhusan, V. & Sachadeva, D.R. (2000). An Introduction to Sociology. Allabhad: Kitab Mahal
Bongartz, H. & Dahal, D.R. (1996). Development Studies. Kathmandu: Nepal Foundation of
Advanced Studies/Friedrich Ebert Stiftung.
Chitamber, J.B. (1997). An Introduction to Rural Sociology. New Delhi: New age
International (P) Ltd.
22. 22
Dale, R.(2000). Organizations and Development: Strategies, Structure and Processes. New
Delhi: Saga Publication.
Desai, A.R. (1992). Rural Sociology in India. Bombay: Population Prakashan.
Dube, S.C. (1988). Modernization and Development: The Search for Alternative Paradigm.
New Delhi: V. Publication.
Foster, G. M. (1962). Traditional Cultures and the impact of Technological Change. New
York.
Gugung, S.B. (1998). Rural Development Approaches in Nepal. Kathmandu: Deva
Publication.
Kothari, C. R. (1993). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: Wilry
Eastern Limited.
Mathema, K. and R. B. (2001). Strategies of Rural Development in Nepal: Some Observation,
Some Thoughts. Kathmandu: Sewa Printing Press.
Regmi, R. K. (2001). The Essentials of Sociology. Kathmandu: Suroj Printers.
Subedi, N.R. (2006). Rural Development in Nepal. Prospects and Challenges. Kathmandu:
Center for Good Governance and Development.
Wolff, H. K. & Pant, P. R. (2003). A Handbook for Social Science Research and Thesis
Writing. Kathmandu: Buddha Academic Publishers and Distributor Pvt. Ltd.
23. 23
Practical
(20 Marks)
Full Marks: 20
Pass Marks: 10 Lecture Hours: 30
Instructions:
- This course offers students to involve in report writing for the partial fulfillment of the
requirement which is compulsory to all. For it, students should be in close coordination
with their subject teachers for the completion of the task. The potential area of the task
can be on the topic related to rural sociology i.e. population and Health, forestry and
bio-diversity, education and employment, gender, child labor, ethnicity and national
integration and other relevant topics.
- The final report should be submitted to the respective college. The students should
compulsorily present their accomplished task for final evaluation and approval in the
presence of respective teachers and external.
- Students should bear the expenses associated with field study and other research related
activities as fixed by respective campuses.
Report Format:
- Face-Sheet (with study title, submitted to- department/campus, submitted by-name of
student, T.U. Regd. No. and class roll no.)
Acknowledgements
Contents
- Background of the Study, Significance of the Study, Objectives of the Study,
Methodologies, Study Area Description, Highlight of Major Field Activities, Analysis
and Presentation of Data, Findings of the Study, Conclusion and Recommendations
- References
Appendix
Page Format: Margin- Standard (1 inch each side) Font - Times New Roman, titles font
size-14, text font size-12, 1.5 line space, pages: 20-25 at Microsoft Word.
24. 24
Government, Institutions and Local Governance
(Theory 80 Marks)
Course No. 315 Full Marks: 80
Paper: V Pass Marks: 28
Year: Third Lecture Hours: 120
Course Objectives
- To provide the students with the concept and knowledge about the government and its
relationship with democracy, governance and local development in the context of Nepal.
- To instruct the students with knowledge about the role of local governments, political
parties, civil society, civic organizations CBOs, pressure groups and I/NGOs for the
local development.
- To prepare the students with in-depth knowledge about the linkage and relationships of
government and local government.
- After completing the course, the students will be able to understand the role of
government, institutions and local governance in the context of rural development.
Contents
Unit LH
1. Government and Governance 25
1.1 Meaning and Concept of Government and Governance
1.2 Types and Role of Government
1.3 Organs of Government: Executive, Legislative and Judiciary
1.4 Forms of Governance: Unitary and Federalism
1.5 Concept and Elements of Good Governance
2 Local Governments in Nepal 25
2.1 Concept of Local Governments
2.2 Composition, Power and Functions of DDC, VDC and Municipality
2.3 Opportunities and Challenges of Local Governments
2.4 Role of Local Governments in Rural Development
25. 25
3 Local Democracy and Constitution in Nepal 25
3.1 Meaning and Concept of Democracy
3.2 Nature and Characteristics of Democracy
3.3 Constitutional History of Nepal Prior to 2047 B.S.
3.4 Features of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal, 2047 with specific
Reference to Local Development
3.5 Features of the Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2063 with specific Reference to
Local Development
3.6 Features of Current Constitution of Nepal
4 Electoral System and Democratic Political Institutions 15
4.1 Electoral System: Direct, Indirect and Proportional Representation
4.2 Concept and Characteristics of Political Party
4.3 Political Participation and its Implication in Rural Development
4.4 Role of Political Parties in Rural Development
5 Local Government and Administrative System 15
5.1 Concept, Characteristics and Development of Nepalese Administrative System
5.2 Local Administrative Units and their Linkages with Local Bodies
5.3 Concept and Role of Bureaucracy with People and Development
5.4 Decentralization Scheme in Nepal: Concept, Characteristics and its Development
6 Civil Society, Civic Institutions and Rural Development 15
6.1 Role of CBOs, NGOs and INGOs in Social Mobilization and Development
6.2 Role of Media in Rural Development
6.3 Constitutional Organs and Role in Development: National Alert Center (NAC) and
Commission for Investigation of Abuse of Power and Authority (CIAA)
6.4 Civic Institutions and Role in Rural Development: Ward Citizen Forum (WCF)
and Citizen Awareness Center (CAC)
6.5 Meaning and definition of Horizontal Learning Program (HLP) in local governance
26. 26
References
Dahal, D. R. and Bongartz, H. (1993). Development Theories – NGOs and Self-Help
Organizations. Kathmandu: NEFAS/ FES.
Dahal, D. R. (1994). Decentralization and Development in Nepal. Kathmandu: NEFAS.
-------- (1996). The Challenges to Good Governance. Kathmandu: Center for Good
Governance and Development Studies.
-------- (2001). The Civil Society in Nepal. Kathmandu: Center for Development and
Governance.
Dahal, R. K. (2005). Rural Development Politics in Nepal. Kathmandu: Dikshanta Pustak
Bhandar.
-------- (2010). State and Rural Development in Nepal. Kathmandu: Dikshanta Pustak
Bhandar.
GON (2063BS.). The Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2063. Kathmandu: His Government of
Nepal.
HMG/N (2055BS.). Local Self Governance Act, 2055. Kathmandu: His Majesty's
Government, Nepal.
-------- (2047B.S.). Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal, 2055. Kathmandu: His Majesty's
Government, Nepal.
Kapoor, A. C. (1981). Principles of Government. New Delhi: S. Chand Ltd.
Khan, Md., Akvar A. and Huttalib (1982). Theory of Local Government. New Delhi: Sterling
Publication.
Khanal, R. (1991). Democracy in Nepal. Kathmandu: Shanti Publication.
MOFALD (Various Issues). Swasasan. Kathmandu: Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local
Development.
Rijal, Y. R. (2011). Local Governance and Institutions. Kathmandu: Bhrikuti Academic
Publication.
Shrestha, A. P. & Dahal, S.R. (eds.) (2001). Issues of Governance in Nepal, Kathmandu:
NEFAS/CASAC/FES.
27. 27
Sharma, P. (2002). Local Development Planning in Nepal. Kathmandu: Kshitiz Prakashan.
Shrestha, R. (2005). State and Rural Development. Kathmandu: New Hira Books Enterprises.
Shrestha, T. N. (1996). Concept of Local Government and Decentralization. Kathmandu:
Joshi Publication.
-------- (1999). Concept of Local Self Government. Kathmandu: Joshi Publication.
Upreti, H. (1996). Crisis of Governance: A Study of Political Economic Issues of Nepal.
Kathmandu: Center for Governance and Development Studies.
28. 28
Practical
(20 Marks)
Full Marks: 20
Pass Marks: 10 Lecture Hours: 30
Instructions:
- The students are to be placed in different VDCs or DDCs for the practical of this paper.
They are expected to give at least twenty four hours of field study under the close
supervision of assigned faculty member/s and present their field report immediately at
the end of their field study. The final report should be submitted to the respective college.
The students should compulsorily present their accomplished task for final evaluation
and approval in the presence of respective faculty member/s and external.
- Students should bear the expenses associated with field study and other research related
activities as fixed by respective campuses.
Areas of Field Study:
- Planning Process, Effectiveness of Project Selection, Strategies of Local Resources
Mobilization, Implementation Mechanism, Monitoring and Evaluation aspects of Village
Development Committee or District Development Committee.
Field Report Format:
- Face-Sheet (with study title, submitted to- department/campus, submitted by-name of
student, T.U. Regd. No.and class roll no.)
Acknowledgements
Contents
- Background of the Study, Significance of the Study, Objectives of the Study,
Methodologies, Study Area Description, Highlight of Major Field Activities, Analysis
and Presentation of Data, Findings of the Study, Conclusion, Recommendations
- References
Appendix
Page Format: Margin- Standard (1 inch each side) Font - Times New Roman, titles font
size -14, text font size-12, 1.5 line space, pages: 20-25 at Microsoft Word.
29. 29
Rural Development Practices
(Functional Paper)
(Theory 50 Marks)
Course No. 316 Full Marks: 50
Paper: VI Pass Marks: 18
Year: Third Lecture Hours: 75
Course Objectives
- The objective of this course is to make the students well acquainted with the methods
and practices of rural development adopted in Nepal and the SAARC countries and to
conduct independent project on rural areas.
Contents
Unit LH
1. Rural Development Practice in Nepal 6
1.1 Historical Background
1.2 Institutional Development
a. Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)
b. Small Farmer Development Programme (SEDP)
c. Remote Area Development Programme (RADP)
2. Micro Finance 6
2.1 Meaning and History of Microfinance
2.2 Sources of Microfinance (Formal and Informal Sources)
2.3 Impact of Financial Services on the Lives of Rural People
3. Agricultural and Natural Resource Management Programme 6
3.1 Community Forestry Programme
3.2 Farmers Managed Irrigation System
3.3 Rural Energy Development Programme
30. 30
4. Rural Social Services Programme 8
4.1 Health, Drinking Water Services
4.2 Education
4.3 Family Planning and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
4.4 Maternal and Child Care
5. Non-Governmental Organizations in Rural Development 4
5.1 Meaning and Classifications of NGOs
5.2 NGOs Roles And Activities
6. Rural Development Practices in Other Countries 20
6.1 Bangladesh: The Gramin Bikas Bank-Rural Credit Programme
6.2 Bhutan: Chukha Project
6.3 India: The AMUL Dairy Cooperatives
6.4 Pakistan: Aga Khan Rural Support Programme (AKRSP)
6.5 Srilanka: The Savings and Credit Cooperatives Movement (SANASA)
References
Acharya, V. R. (2005). Nepalko Shram Arthashastra. Kathmandu: NEFAS/FES.
ADB/Nepal (2003). Rural Finance in Nepal. Kathmandu: ADB/Nepal.
Baral, J. and Koirala, K. (1998). Integrated Rural Development in Nepal. New Delhi: Sterling
Publishers.
Basnyat, N. B. (1976). Brief History of Cooperative Movement in Nepal. Kathmandu:
Cooperative Department.
Cohen, S. P. (2005). The Ideas of Pakistan. Delhi: Oxford.
Crowell, D.W. (2003). SEWA Movement and Rural Development. New Delhi: Sage
Publication.
Dahal, D. R. and Bongartz, H. (1993). Development Theories – NGOs and Self-Help
Organizations. Kathmandu: NEFAS/ FES.
Dahal, M. K. & Horst, M.(eds.) (1997). Social Economy & National Development.
Kathmandu: NEFAS/FES.
31. 31
Dubey, M. K. (2003). Rural Development in India. New Delhi: Mittal Publication.
Hye, H. A. (1999). Integrated Approaches to Rural Development. New Delhi: Sterling
Publishers.
Khatat, R. S. (1999). Bhutan in SAARC. New Delhi: South Asian Publishers.
MOF (latest). Economic Survey. Kathmandu: Ministry of Finance.
NPC (latest). Five Year and Interim Plans of Nepal. Kathmandu: National Planning
Commission.
Pokhrel, B. (2004). Rural Political Economy of Nepal. Kathmandu: New Hira Book
Enterprises.
Rizal, Dhruba (2002). Administrative System in Bhutan: Retrospect and Prospect. Delhi:
Author Press.
Singh, K. (2003). Rural Development (4th
ed.). New Delhi: Vistaar Publication.
Singh, S.P. (2003). Planning and Management for Rural Development. New Delhi: Mittal
Publication.
Yunus, M. and Parmer, A. (2003). South Asia: A Historical Narrative. New York: Oxford.
32. 32
Practical
(50 Marks)
Full Marks: 50
Pass Marks: 25 Lecture Hours: 75
Instructions:
- All the third year students are compulsory to carry out independent study (research)
project in the area of rural development under the close supervision of research guide.
- All third year students are required to present a final project report as a partial
fulfillment of the requirement of the course. The project report should be field-based
research project.
- The students should conduct the project under the research guide on various rural
development issues. The research report will be evaluated on the basis of following
criteria.
- Clarity on the research topic 5
- Interlink age between research topic, questions, objectives and findings 15
- Appropriateness of the methodology 5
- Formatting and Organization of the report 5
- Internal and external evaluation (includes originality and presentation) 20
Note:
- The researcher (student) has to approach concerned VDC in person and need to bring
the recommendation letter from the VDC administration.
- Students should bear the expenses associated with field study and other research related
activities as fixed by respective campuses.
Page Format: Margin- Standard (1 inch each side) Font - Times New Roman, titles font
size -14, text font size-12, 1.5 line space, pages: 30-35 at Microsoft Word