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Rural Development Approaches and Strategies
The World Bank has shifted its focus on rural development from mainly lending for agriculture to working in all major development areas and providing financial and technical assistance. It is owned by five institutions working together for sustainable solutions and to reduce poverty and build shared prosperity. In the Philippines, the World Bank has funded 338 rural development projects, with 27 currently active. Community organizations and integrated rural development approaches have been used, with the latter defined as both a strategy and program and taking various forms like being target-oriented or community-centered. Cooperative development has also been a key approach, with the first rural credit cooperative established in 1916 and marketing cooperatives and the Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration later playing roles in rural financing and groupings of
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Rural Development Approaches and Strategies
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- 3. “The World Bank’sactivities in rural areas have related mainly to lending for agriculture in developing countries”, World Bank 1975 “The World Bank Group works in every major area of development. We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face.” World Bank 2021
- 4. Who owns WorldBank Group? Unique global partnership: five institutions working for sustainable solutions *REDUCE POVERTY *BUILD SHARED PROSPERITY
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- 6. World Bank PHProjects (338) • 27 are active • 26 are dropped • 268 are closed • 17 are pipeline • Reference: https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects- operations/projects-list
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- 8. Community Organizations inRural Development CO or CBOs seen as effective vehicles to transform peoples' lives and in promotion of sustainable development because they apply integrated, people centered, participatory development approaches through organizing and mobilizing communities into action.
- 9. 3. INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT(IRD) IRD can be categorized into two different types due to its function in rural development practices: • First, IRD is defined as a strategy (Aminuzzaman, 1982; Fee,1985) • Second, IRD is specified as a rural development project or program (Cohen, 1980; Indrawati, 2014;Yudelman, 1976).
- 10. Different Types ofIRD Target-oriented Comprehensive and multisectoral Decentralization Community centered Participatory, and/or community based Multisectoral infrastructure improvement
- 11. IRD in thePhilippines
- 12. 4. COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT •Cooperatives play a major self-help role in rural areas, particularly where private businesses hesitate to go and public authorities do not provide basic services. They are instrumental in providing opportunities for productive employment, as well as offering health care, education, potable water, improved sanitation, roads, and market access, while giving a stronger “voice” to rural groups. • Create opportunity for employment, income generation, and increase the availability of goods and services, all of which also contribute to economic growth; and Stimulate performance and competitiveness, as their members are also the beneficiaries.
- 13. • The firstrural credit association that was organized under this Law was the Agricultural Credit Cooperative Association of Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija. It was formed on October 18, 1916. With this initial organization farmers in different provinces were organized. At the end of 1926 there were 544 rural credit cooperatives organized in 42 provinces and by 1930 there were 571 associations formed all over the country.
- 14. Marketing Cooperatives • Assoon as the organization of rural credit cooperatives was in full swing, The Cooperative Marketing Law (Act 2425) was enacted and approved on December 9, 1927. The rural credit associations were designed to help finance the efforts of the farmers for more production. Wherever rural credit associations were, cooperative marketing societies were also designed to be present. The apparent weakness of the rural credit cooperatives, however, failed the enthusiasm of farmers to organize themselves into cooperative marketing associations. By 1939 only 164 societies were actually organized with a total membership of around 5,000 farmers. With this number only 35 reported their sale of products to the Bureau of Commerce. The number of associations reporting indicated that only 20% of the organized associations were active.
- 15. ACCFA • In recognitionof the strategic position occupied by our farmers in the social structure and economic development of the country, the Philippine Congress enacted Republic Act 821 in 1952. This law established a system of liberal credit which is specially designed to meet the needs of the small farmers. It also created an administrative agency known as the Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration (ACCFA). To implement the great task of rural financing, four general and interrelated objectives of the law were set forth as follows: • To assist small farmers in securing liberal credit. • To promote the effective groupings of farmers into cooperative associations. • To establish an orderly and systematic marketing machinery for, and controlled by, the small farmers. • To place agriculture on a basis of economic equality with other industries.
Editor's Notes
- #3 Rural development is a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of a specific group of people the rural poor. Reduces poverty and improve quality life-would mean improvement of food supplies and nutrition (health) and education, provision of schools Also to increase employment, thus higher incomes The following slide then will discuss the following strategies and approaches in rural development
- #4 Since 1947, the World Bank has funded over 12,000 development projects, via traditional loans, interest-free credits, and grants. https://www.worldbank.org/en/what-we-do
- #13 positively affects the process of rural change i.e. increase in income, improvement in health, nutrition and literacy status of the populations. Community organizations include parent-teacher organizations, sports clubs, church groups, block or neighborhood associations, 4-H clubs, and many other. The 4-H name represents four personal development areas of focus for the organization: head, heart, hands, and health. ] The goal of 4-H is to develop citizenship, leadership, responsibility and life skills of youth through experiential learning programs and a positive youth development approach.
- #14 positively affects the process of rural change i.e. increase in income, improvement in health, nutrition and literacy status of the populations. Community organizations include parent-teacher organizations, sports clubs, church groups, block or neighborhood associations, 4-H clubs, and many other. The 4-H name represents four personal development areas of focus for the organization: head, heart, hands, and health. ] The goal of 4-H is to develop citizenship, leadership, responsibility and life skills of youth through experiential learning programs and a positive youth development approach.
- #15 Community organization is the process of people coming together to address issues that matter to them. Community members developing plans for how the city can be a place where all its children do well.