SWM- Unit 2: Collection and transport of Solid Waste (Part II)

1. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
“Unit 2: Collection and transport of Solid Waste (Part II)”
Presented by
Vinod R. Nejkar
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering, Yadrav, Ichalkaranji
(An Autonomous Institute)
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2. Functional Elements of SWM
Source: NPTEL – Municipal Solid Waste Management

3. Before Swachh Bharat Mission (SWM)
• Source: NPTEL – Municipal Solid Waste Management

4. Segregation of Household Wastes
• Source: NPTEL – Municipal Solid Waste Management

5. Solid Waste Collection
• Waste collection includes collection of solid waste from
various sources and then hauling of these wastes to its final
location.
• There are two types of collection:
1) Primary collection or Collection Services
2) Secondary collection or Collection Systems

6. Primary Collection or Collection Services
• Primary collection is the collection of solid waste from the
source of generation.
• The collections points that can be located outside individual or
community serving a number of houses/apartments.
• Different collection services are:
A. Curb Services
B. Alley Services
C. Setout-setback services
D. Backyard services

7. Secondary Collection or Collection System
• Secondary collection is the collection of solid waste from
communal bins, storage points or transfer station, and
transportation to the final disposal site.
• There are mainly two types of collection system:
1. Haul Container System (HCS)
2. Stationary Container System (SCS)

8. Secondary Collection- Haul Container System
(HCS)
• These are the collection systems in which the containers used
for the storage of wastes are hauled to a material recovery
facility (MRF), transfer station, or disposal site, emptied and
returned to either their original location or some other location.
• Hauled container systems are ideally suited for the removal of
wastes from sources where the rate of generation is high.

9. Secondary Collection- Haul Container System
(HCS)
• Source: NPTEL – Municipal Solid Waste Management

10. Secondary Collection- Stationary Container
System (SCS)
• In the stationary container system, the containers used for the
storage of the wastes remain at the point of generation except
when they are moved to the curb or other location to be emptied.
• The main advantage of SCS is that vehicle doesn’t travel to the
disposal area until it is full, resulting in higher utilization rate.
• The system vary according to the type and quantity of wastes to
be handled as well as the no. of generation points.
(Manual/Mechanical Loading)

11. Secondary Collection- Stationary Container
System (SCS)
• Source: NPTEL – Municipal Solid Waste Management

12. Analysis of Secondary Collection- HCS
• Source: NPTEL – Municipal Solid Waste Management

13. Analysis of Secondary Collection- HCS
1) Pick-up time (Phcs)= time required to;
- Picking up the loaded container (pc)
- Redeposition of the container after it has been emptied (uc)
- Driving to the next container after an empty container has been
deposited (dbc)
2) Haul time (Hhcs)= time required to reach the final location
i.e. total travelling/hauling time
(starting from loading-final location-redeposition of empty container)

14. Analysis of Secondary Collection- HCS
3) At-Site time (s)= the time spent at the site (landfill, MRF, transfer
station) where the system is unloaded.
It also includes the time spent waiting to unload.
4) Off-route time (w)= time spent on all non-productive activities;
typically 15%.
Activities associated with off-route are
- check in, check out, meeting, brakes.
- Time lost due to unavoidable traffic congestion
- Time spent on equipment repairs, maintenance

15. Analysis of Secondary Collection- HCS
Time per trip:
Thscs (h/trip)= Pickup time + haul time + at site time + off-route
time
i.e. Thscs (h/trip)= Phscs+ h+ s+ w
Where, Phscs= pick up time= pc+ uc+ dbc
h= haul time
s= at site time
w= off-route time factor

16. Analysis of Secondary Collection- HCS
Number of trips:
Nd= [H (1-w) – (t1+t2)]/ Thscs
Where,
Nd= No. of trips per day (trips/d)
H= Length of work day (h/d)
w= off-route factor (in fraction)
t1= garage to first container location (hr)
t2= last container location to garage (hr)
Thscs= Time per trip (h/trip)

17. Thank You