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Swine Production.ppt

This document discusses swine reproduction. It begins by stating the objectives are to identify parts of the reproductive tract and describe the estrous cycle, estrus, and ovulation. It then provides details on the reproductive tract including ovaries, oviducts, uterine horns, cervix, vagina, and vulva. It describes the estrous cycle typically being 21 days and the signs of estrus being standing heat, red swollen vulva, increased activity and appetite changes. It concludes by stating the students will have a chance to artificially inseminate gilts in 4 days.

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Swine Reproduction Rebecca Begoon 2/8/02
What is the point?  Why are we learning about swine reproduction? • We need to breed the gilts in the barn • We will be doing this by artificial insemination • We need to know what we are doing
Objectives Identify parts of the reproductive tract  Describe Estrous cycle, Estrus, and Ovulation
I. Reproductive Tract  Ovaries  Infundibulum  Oviduct  Uterine horns  Uterine body  Cervix  Vagina  Vulva

Ovaries  Primary Structure  Two Major Function:  To produce ova, the female germ cells  To produce the hormones progesterone and estrogen
Infundibulum Acts like a funnel to collect ova Diverts ova to the oviducts Oviducts 6 to 10 inches long Acts as site of fertilization
Uterine Horns  2 – 3 feet in a non-pregnant sow  Act as a passage way for sperm  Are the site of fetal development  Uterine body is located at junction of the uterine horns
Cervix  Muscular junction between the vagina and uteri  Site of semen deposit  It is dilated during heat (estrus)  Constricted during pregnancy and when not in heat
Vagina  Extends from the cervix to the vulva  Passage way for urine and piglets  The Bladder is connected to the vagina by the urethra
Vulva External part of the reproductive tract Becomes red and swollen just prior to estrus
Activity With a partner, you will put together a model of a gilt’s reproductive tract, just like the picture used during lecture, using play dough. The supplies will be located at the front of the room.
II. Estrous cycle, Estrus, Ovulation
Estrous Cycle  Normally 21 days long  Can range from 18-24 days long  Non-pregnant and non-lactating sows will estrus or standing heat
Estrus or Heat  Follicles – 6 to 10 will form on each ovary  Growth begins 3 days before estrus  FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) released from the pituitary gland  Maturing ovum is held in each follicle  Estrogen is secreted (responsible for estrus)  Ovulation is stimulated by LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
Signs of Estrus  Standing Heat – standing to be mounted or “back pressure test”  Red, swollen vulva  Increased nervous activity  Desire to seek boar  Decrease in appetite  Vaginal mucous
Progesterone Is responsible for maintaining Pregnancy !
Review  How does Estrus cycle, estrus and ovulation relate?  Which hormone is responsible for the estrus cycle?  Estrogen
Review con’t  Which hormone is responsible for maintaining pregnancy?  Progesterone What are the signs of estrus?  Standing Heat – standing to be mounted or “back pressure test”  Red, swollen vulva  Increased nervous activity  Desire to seek boar  Decrease in appetite  Vaginal mucous
Reality!!! • In four days the gilts will be in heat and you all will have a chance to Artificially inseminate one of the gilts.  It is important to understand the reproductive tract and cycles.  Tomorrow we will practice on a model of a gilt