The document summarizes a proposal by Team SWASTHYA from IIT Roorkee to improve access to quality primary healthcare in India. It outlines current issues with India's healthcare system such as inadequate resources, misallocation of funds, and an emphasis on urban vs rural services. The team's model leverages existing schemes like RSBY and NRHM and involves a medical helpline, registered dispensaries, and ambulance services to provide affordable primary care using doctors, ANMs, and ASHOs. The goal is to ensure universal healthcare access while keeping additional costs low by improving current programs and infrastructure.
This support manual describes the features of the CLUB 1509 HIV Navigation Program and provides sample demonstrations of the assessment tools, and program standards. It was written for the navigation teams who would like a point of reference for all CLUB 1509 service tools, client flow chart, and program standards.
This support manual is organized by task. It begins with the philosophy of care for all CLUB 1509 clients and progresses through more complex tasks such as client home visits, and biopsychosocial assessments. This supportive manual is not intended to replace your formal social work experience or your agency’s administrative protocol. This manual aims to introduce you to and support your journey in the CLUB 1509 program.
Figuring out telemedicine reimbursement can be tricky. The guidelines can vary based on your state, payer, and how you're using telemedicine. At eVisit, we're trying to demystify this process for physicians - so telemedicine makes it easier to increase your practice revenue!
Learn how telemedicine reimbursement works for Medicare, Medicaid, and Private payers - including specific CPT codes and tips for billing.
This support manual describes the features of the CLUB 1509 HIV Navigation Program and provides sample demonstrations of the assessment tools, and program standards. It was written for the navigation teams who would like a point of reference for all CLUB 1509 service tools, client flow chart, and program standards.
This support manual is organized by task. It begins with the philosophy of care for all CLUB 1509 clients and progresses through more complex tasks such as client home visits, and biopsychosocial assessments. This supportive manual is not intended to replace your formal social work experience or your agency’s administrative protocol. This manual aims to introduce you to and support your journey in the CLUB 1509 program.
Figuring out telemedicine reimbursement can be tricky. The guidelines can vary based on your state, payer, and how you're using telemedicine. At eVisit, we're trying to demystify this process for physicians - so telemedicine makes it easier to increase your practice revenue!
Learn how telemedicine reimbursement works for Medicare, Medicaid, and Private payers - including specific CPT codes and tips for billing.
Regulations , Standards & Codes “CLINICAL ESTABLISHMENT ACT” I.P.H.S and UCPMP by Dr. Mira Shiva MD
National Consultation on ‘Expanding Access and Using the Law to Ensure Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights’ was held in December’ 2015. The consultation brought together experts, activists, lawyers, health workers and students from all corners in the country, in building the understanding on the issues and the emerging challenges.
Human Rights Law Network
http://hrln.org
Telemedicine reimbursement can be tricky, to say the least. How do you ensure you get paid for live video medical visits via Medicare, Medicaid, and third-party payers? What kinds of guidelines do you need to follow?
In this SlideShare, all these questions are answered by billing consultant Adella Cordova, our resident expert on how telemedicine reimbursement works. While there are no guarantees in this shifting policy landscape, each of the main payers does has specific requirements and billing rules for delivering telemedicine.
You'll learn:
-Medicare's guidelines for telemedicine reimbursement
-How to research the Medicaid guidelines for telemedicine in your state
-Trends in billing for telemedicine through private payers
-Guidelines for coding and verifying telemedicine coverage
These slides were originally used in our webinar on telemedicine reimbursement. Request the free recording here: http://try.evisit.com/september-webinar-how-to-get-reimburse/?utm_source=Blog&utm_medium=post&utm_campaign=webinar
White Paper: Legislation to Ensure Veterans’ Access to Mental Health Care Swords to Plowshares
Congress is currently developing and considering multiple bills to ensure that veterans with bad paper discharges who are experiencing mental heal issues can assess some treatment through Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) hospitals or clinics. This report presents some alternative or supplemental options for how Congress can most effectively achieve its expressed goal of ensuring that VA offers mental healthcare to veterans with bad paper discharges.
Telehealth medico legal aspects by dr alka mukherjee nagpur ms indiaalka mukherjee
The term telehealth includes a broad range of technologies and services to provide patient care and improve the healthcare delivery system as a whole. Telehealth is different from telemedicine because it refers to a broader scope of remote healthcare services than telemedicine. While telemedicine refers specifically to remote clinical services, telehealth can refer to remote non-clinical services, such as provider training, administrative meetings, and continuing medical education, in addition to clinical services. According to the World Health Organization, telehealth includes, “Surveillance, health promotion and public health functions.”
Telemedicine involves the use of electronic communications and software to provide clinical services to patients without an in-person visit. Telemedicine technology is frequently used for follow-up visits, management of chronic conditions, medication management, specialist consultation and a host of other clinical services that can be provided remotely via secure video and audio connections.
Service quality of hospitals with special reference to Ahmedabad and Ujjain c...Harsha Rathore
The service quality of any organisation is very important for its reputation as well as for its success. There the organization is hospital in which service quality is the most significant feature. Today’s organizations need to be suppler to equip with modern instruments and techniques so that the patients and their attended has satisfied with their treatment. Therefore, hospitals are required to adopt a strategy to improve the quality to satisfy both the needs and comfort of people. The term quality refers to the favourableness' or unfavourableness environment for people. The main aim of this study is to know people’s expectation and perception towards service quality of hospitals of Ahmedabad and Ujjain cities. For this purpose service quality is measured by servqual with parameters: tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The sample size for this study was 300 and primary data was collected from people of Ahmedabad and Ujjain cities. This study revealed the understanding of people towards service quality of public and private hospitals in different parameters like physical appearance of hospital, their staff, material associated with the service (such as reports etc), equipment used in treatment, time of the different services or treatments, error free records, solving peoples problem and showing concern for the patients and their attended. From this study hospital management should know more about the needs and expectations of the peoples and kaizen their services.
Telehealth - What Is It and What Changes Are Coming in 2015?Debbie Jones
Debbie had the privilege of writing this article for CodingCertification.org, and it was published on their blog on January 12, 2015 (http://www.cco.us/telehealth-changes-coming-2015/).
Regulations , Standards & Codes “CLINICAL ESTABLISHMENT ACT” I.P.H.S and UCPMP by Dr. Mira Shiva MD
National Consultation on ‘Expanding Access and Using the Law to Ensure Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights’ was held in December’ 2015. The consultation brought together experts, activists, lawyers, health workers and students from all corners in the country, in building the understanding on the issues and the emerging challenges.
Human Rights Law Network
http://hrln.org
Telemedicine reimbursement can be tricky, to say the least. How do you ensure you get paid for live video medical visits via Medicare, Medicaid, and third-party payers? What kinds of guidelines do you need to follow?
In this SlideShare, all these questions are answered by billing consultant Adella Cordova, our resident expert on how telemedicine reimbursement works. While there are no guarantees in this shifting policy landscape, each of the main payers does has specific requirements and billing rules for delivering telemedicine.
You'll learn:
-Medicare's guidelines for telemedicine reimbursement
-How to research the Medicaid guidelines for telemedicine in your state
-Trends in billing for telemedicine through private payers
-Guidelines for coding and verifying telemedicine coverage
These slides were originally used in our webinar on telemedicine reimbursement. Request the free recording here: http://try.evisit.com/september-webinar-how-to-get-reimburse/?utm_source=Blog&utm_medium=post&utm_campaign=webinar
White Paper: Legislation to Ensure Veterans’ Access to Mental Health Care Swords to Plowshares
Congress is currently developing and considering multiple bills to ensure that veterans with bad paper discharges who are experiencing mental heal issues can assess some treatment through Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) hospitals or clinics. This report presents some alternative or supplemental options for how Congress can most effectively achieve its expressed goal of ensuring that VA offers mental healthcare to veterans with bad paper discharges.
Telehealth medico legal aspects by dr alka mukherjee nagpur ms indiaalka mukherjee
The term telehealth includes a broad range of technologies and services to provide patient care and improve the healthcare delivery system as a whole. Telehealth is different from telemedicine because it refers to a broader scope of remote healthcare services than telemedicine. While telemedicine refers specifically to remote clinical services, telehealth can refer to remote non-clinical services, such as provider training, administrative meetings, and continuing medical education, in addition to clinical services. According to the World Health Organization, telehealth includes, “Surveillance, health promotion and public health functions.”
Telemedicine involves the use of electronic communications and software to provide clinical services to patients without an in-person visit. Telemedicine technology is frequently used for follow-up visits, management of chronic conditions, medication management, specialist consultation and a host of other clinical services that can be provided remotely via secure video and audio connections.
Service quality of hospitals with special reference to Ahmedabad and Ujjain c...Harsha Rathore
The service quality of any organisation is very important for its reputation as well as for its success. There the organization is hospital in which service quality is the most significant feature. Today’s organizations need to be suppler to equip with modern instruments and techniques so that the patients and their attended has satisfied with their treatment. Therefore, hospitals are required to adopt a strategy to improve the quality to satisfy both the needs and comfort of people. The term quality refers to the favourableness' or unfavourableness environment for people. The main aim of this study is to know people’s expectation and perception towards service quality of hospitals of Ahmedabad and Ujjain cities. For this purpose service quality is measured by servqual with parameters: tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The sample size for this study was 300 and primary data was collected from people of Ahmedabad and Ujjain cities. This study revealed the understanding of people towards service quality of public and private hospitals in different parameters like physical appearance of hospital, their staff, material associated with the service (such as reports etc), equipment used in treatment, time of the different services or treatments, error free records, solving peoples problem and showing concern for the patients and their attended. From this study hospital management should know more about the needs and expectations of the peoples and kaizen their services.
Telehealth - What Is It and What Changes Are Coming in 2015?Debbie Jones
Debbie had the privilege of writing this article for CodingCertification.org, and it was published on their blog on January 12, 2015 (http://www.cco.us/telehealth-changes-coming-2015/).
Running head ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS1ELECTRONIC MEDICAL REC.docxsusanschei
Running head: ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS 1
ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS 4
ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS
Student’s name:
Professor’s name:
Course title:
Date
ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS
The public health department is faced with the challenge of record keeping since the state's health department will soon cease to maintain the electronic medical record system (EMR). The department is, therefore, having a hindrance in its workflow and supporting quality healthcare. The department will soon be unable to generate medical records about treatment gaps, immunization status reports and pharmacy utilization reports when the state cuts out its service. The department's revenue may not be enough to cater for the services, given that most of its revenue is generated from patients within the community where a majority are uninsured while the others are re in Medicaid or mediocre programs.
From the given situation some questions need to be resolved. One is how to continue maintaining an electronic medical record without the state's services. The other is on how to raise revenue to cater for information technology services and training that the will no longer be given for free. Another question would be as for whether to join the insurer's network. Other than the uninsured, the department seems to serve patients who are in the insurer's Medicaid or Medicare program, hence joining the network would probably provide quality healthcare delivery.
To improve the population health, one of the principles to be utilized is identifying priorities through looking at the health trends and the burden of illness by use of the population data. The action will allow the implementation of evidence-based actions to which will facilitate positive health outcomes. The current situation requires that proper management is observed to ensure that the limited available resources cater for the prioritized needs. Additionally, there should be created sustainable funding method which rewards improvement in population healthcare and prevention (Woolf et al. 2015). Funds directed towards population healthcare should be explicitly described for prioritized healthcare intervention.
The department can increase its revenue by joining the insurer's network where there will be more insured patients and stop relying on direct patients. It can also improve financing through cost transparency which will reduce pharmaceutical costs by allowing drug costs negotiations by Medicare.It can also improve its quality healthcare through maintaining healthy healthcare systems; this means that evidence-based management must support the delivery of evidence-based care. The primary factor will, therefore, be information. Thus patients' real-time data must be obtained for purposes of maintaining a smooth workflow. Information will lead to making better decisions which will have a direct impact on better health outcomes. An integrated healthcare system will also be vital in improving health ...
Running Head EVIDENCE-BASED RESOURCING PLAN .docxjeanettehully
Running Head: EVIDENCE-BASED RESOURCING PLAN 1
EVIDENCE-BASED RESOURCING PLAN 7
Heart Failure Clinic Resourcing Plan
Samantha M. Tallarine
Capella University
Nursing Leadership & Management
April, 2019
Introduction
The major cause of causes of patient disability across most parts of the world is a chronic disease. Therefore, most individuals usually seek medical care and are responsible for more than seventy-five percent of the aggregate spending in healthcare. Congestive heart failure (CHF), one of the most serious ailments, is a result of the failure of the heart to pump sufficient oxygen as well as blood to various parts of the body. More than 14 billion people across the world suffer from heart problems, and heart failure causes more than 60,000 deaths annually. Additionally, congestive heart failure costs nations like the United States, for instance, approximately $35 billion within one year (Hogle, 2016). This paper is intended to seek the best strategies that can help in the development of a budget plan, which will help in the establishment of an effective heart failure clinic.
Resourcing Healthcare Services
It is exigent for healthcare service provider administrators to work behind closed doors to ensure that the welfare, as well as the financial security of the healthcare facilities meets the standards that are required. This clearly shows that healthcare facility administrators have to identify all the factors which if not well facilitated within the budget plan for the clinic may result in a financial crisis for the institution. Therefore, the business plan for the healthcare facility should be able to identify all the categories as well as the subcategories of the budget which are important or essential to be able to set up an effective heart failure clinic.
Labor Costs
According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), staff benefits, as well as wages, engross up to approximately 60 to 70 percent of healthcare facility expenditures. Likewise, labor costs from other sources consumed approximately twelve percent of the healthcare expenditures. The American Hospital Association put into consideration assumptions for the above-stated figures. The major assumption is that in any service-based business providing healthcare services, human capital is the most important type of capital which is used daily. This clearly shows that the clinic should be able to give an approximation of the expenditure from labor; it should also be able to cater for all the expenditure, which results from labor (Roman, 2016).
Insurance Billing
The is also another component of the healthcare business plan which is very crucial; most healthcare facility revenue is usually earned from insurance services which are billed on patients upon seeking health care services from the hospital. It is therefore sufficient to say that the heart failure clinic billing will come from various sources, which will vary ...
Universal Health Coverage and Health Insurance - IndiaDr Chetan C P
Presentation is a case about cutting the risk fragmentation and having a universal pool for Health Insurance as one of the tools for achieving UHC in India.
A new group of healthcare professionals who are not doctors are called community health officers CHOs . As a part of Comprehensive Primary Health Care, CHOs will be vital in providing an increased range of essential services. They are expected to direct the primary care staff at the Sub Centre, Health and Wellness Center, offer ambulatory care and clinical management to the neighborhood, and act as a crucial coordination link to guarantee the continuum of car. Mr. Saneesh CM | Dr. S. Victor Devasirvadam "Community Health Officer (CHO): An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd53840.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/53840/community-health-officer-cho-an-overview/mr-saneesh-cm
Launched as recommended by the national health policy 2017
To achieve the vision of universal health coverage (UHC).
This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to "leave no one behind.“
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
1. Manthan Competition 2013
Group Members:
Gaurav Sharma, Shailesh Mamgail, Manik Bansal,
Piyush Gupta and Ariba Khan
IIT ROORKEE
Healing Touch : Universalizing
Access to Quality Primary
Healthcare
Team SWASTHYA
2. At the turn of this century, Health outcomes in India and the quality of the underlying health system
significantly lagged those of its own standards and as well as those of its’ peer nations.
To state a few facts, For an Urban population of 37.7 Crore, The No. of Allopathic Hospitals & Hospitals under
AYUSH systems in India are 11,613 & 3371 respectively and the No. of Hospital Beds is 540,000. On the other
hand, For a whooping Rural population of 83.3 Crore, The No. of PHCs in India is 23391 and the No. of ASHAs in
all states is 835,808 which means one ASHA for every 1000 rural population.
Current Scenario
540000
835,808
11,613
3,371
23,391
No. of Hospital Beds In India
No. of ASHAs in all states
No. of Allopathic Hospitals
No. of Hospitals under AYUSH Systems
No. of PHCs in India
Indian Healthcare System Facts
3. As highlighted by the aforementioned facts, the major problems plaguing the Indian Health Care System
currently are discussed in detail as follows:
The Most important problem behind the inadequacies of the Indian Health System is due to the Poor Health Care Policies. Its
root cause is the lack of adequate resources and improper implementation of already formulated policies.
Another massive issue is the Misallocation of financial resources and inadequate public expenditure on health which can
corroborate the below par state of public health facilities. An average of 3.87% of the GDP is allocated to public health which is
inadequate to meet the health requirements of the country.
Most of the Health Care Centers are aimed at benefiting the urban dwellers and the upper class. Health services in rural areas
(especially those related to family planning and immunization) have inadequate facilities.
Also, Privatization of public health institutions have contributed to the increase in health costs. The accelerated phase of
privatization and deregulation of the health sector in the recent years has resulted in a situation where 83 % of the aggregate
expenditure on health in our country is private spending.
National Health Policy (NHP) being the backbone of the Health Care Policies, is riddled with confusions and contradictions as
it only proposes numerous impressive principles and goals but does nothing to ensure that these are realized on the ground.
On the other hand it can also be argued that this new NHP is an attempt towards legitimizing the ongoing privatization of the
health care system of the country. Further, there is no analysis of what is happening to some of the major determinants of
health-like food, water, and sanitation etc. and the important indicators (of health status) in the emerging scenario.
Another problem affecting the success of primary health centres is the Predominance of clinical and curative concerns over
the intended emphasis on preventive work and the reluctance of staff to work in rural areas.
4. Our Implementation MODEL
Our aim is to ensure the quality primary health for whole population of this country. We have tried to achieve this goal
through a model, which involve existing schemes RSBY, NRHM, private insurance companies, private and government
doctors, all working together to achieve this goal. We have also ensured that the investment involved in the execution of
the model should be nominal and instead of introducing a completely new scheme, come up with better working model
using existing schemes with use of better technology.
MODEL:
Government provide funds, resources and create infrastructure providing good primary health to the people, major
scheme in this respect is NRHM , now the officials involve of NRHM in our model are : ANM,ASHA,SHG
Make district health mission independent to allocate funds to Panchayats, at its own discretion received from
Central and State government.
Any family member when need to get the treatment can either use Medical Helpline or in case of relatively major
issues can go to the PHCs or can call the ambulance all these expenses incurred will be deducted from the RSBY
credit amount i.e. Rs 30,000/- and the remaining balance will be send to the use through a message .
In case of patient wants to visit the PHCs , then the amount charged for the treatment will be send to the ASHA and
to the patient, in case the amount is greater than Rs 5000/- then ASHA need to visit the PHCs due to check any
discrepancy.
For organizing camps of mobile Hospital care, ANM can contact the PHCs.
Insurance companies are interested in people acquiring as many cards as possible instead of hiring executives should
better create a Self Help Group in villages or localities which get the incentives on every RSBY card they formulate,
this will provide employment to local people mainly women.
5. *Note: The Model has been further elaborated in detail in
the subsequent slides.
6. Our Implementation MODEL
Details of Medical Helpline for RSBY:
For common health problems like headache, common fever, diarrhea people generally prefer to go directly to nearby
dispensary rather going far away PHCs of District hospital for that matter. To save these expenses we can put a patient-
telecom – doctor- dispensary model. There will be an optional home delivery option as well.
Key components are:
1) Aggrieved Person: He can be a RSBY card holder or others. In case of RSBY card holder all charges of call center operative,
doctor, medicine and delivery (if opted) will be automatically deducted from RSBY account and will be sent to respective
person. In case of other classes, person would have to pay the entire fees to the dispensary. Fees of doctor and call center
will be deducted from dispensary person’s account directly.
2) Call centers: To provide a toll free costumer service, manpower from PSU’s like BSNL or MTNL can be diverted to provide
call centers. Or the manpower can be increased to provide
3) Doctor: Doctors will be asked to work for one hour a day for providing prescription on basis of symptoms forms provided by
call centers. A fixed fees on per case basis will be given to person.
4) Registered Dispensaries: Dispensaries will be selected within a circles of atmost two or three villages. Owner of these
dispensaries will be connected by AADHAR card. The cost of medicines (+ delivery charges in case of home delivery) will be
sent directly to the medical shop.
5) Delivery man: Dispensary owner can hire people for delivering medicines. ASHA will ensure that the due payment is done
by dispensary owner.
7. Our Implementation MODEL
It is explained as:
1) Patient calls a toll free number which connects him to a service center and will give his RSBY number.
2) Service center enquire basic symptoms and feeds them to a central database software that is programmed with
additional questions for each basic query i.e. if basic problem is cough, then questions like i) Since how long. Ii) Any
medication earlier iii) presence of blood in cough? May be pre fed in to the programs. The attendant fills the
responses and thereby creates a form that he sends to the required doctor available at that slot.
3) The doctors looks at the forms and prescribes the medicines from a list of medicines defined in the software
(updated monthly). He can also deny on grounds of insufficient information or he can ask to talk to patient directly.
He can also refer the case to PHCs or other healthcare center.
4) The name of the dispensary and code will be sent to the user and prescription and code will be sent to dispensary
person via SMS along with a verification code.
5) Now patient can go to any dispensary/medical clinic nearby and take medicine after confirmation using the
verification code dispensary person. He can also ask for home delivery. He would be adequately charged for this.
This is how our Model works and the patient would be ensured prompt primary health care effectively. And this is how
Indian Population would be ensured its Right to Healthcare.
To make this system even more efficient and reliable in future, we plan to implement direct interaction between patient
and doctor through video conversation by establishing internet hubs in villages. This will ensure better diagnosis. Also it
will be much easier, faster and cheaper to provide for such facility in remote areas.
8. Auxiliary Solutions:
The State parties to this Committee are supposed to submit periodic reports to the committee on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights as regards the implementation of the provision of the Committee. In turn the
committee, after deliberating on the report with 6th representatives of the government concerned, is supposed
to help State parties in improving the implementation of the rights enshrined in the Committee. There is no
reason to believe that, with appropriate reorientations in fiscal policies of the central and the state governments,
the task is beyond the economic capacity of the Indian nation. To put it bluntly, spending on schools, hospitals,
poverty eradication etc. may be a desirable option for any society to enable it to spend less on police and
prisons.
There is a need to set up an Independent and effective Health Regulatory and Development Authorities at both
national and state levels that would supervise the quality of services delivered by both public and private sectors.
Since the implication of this require huge capital thus this job can be handed over to ASHA under NRHM. The
ASHA would oversee the contracts, accredit health care providers, develop ethical standards for delivery,
enforce patient’s charter of rights and take steps to provide universal health care system support through legal
and regulatory norms, standard treatment guidelines and management protocols for national health package.
This can control entry, quality, quantity, and price. The ASHA ,through ANM, would also ensure grievance
redressal mechanisms by linking up with measures to ensure citizen participation and accountability.
9. Right to Healthcare: It is the need of the hour to ensure that all citizens must have health as a core entitlement, which is
justiciable, and in whose provisioning the State must be held primarily accountable. With appropriate reorientations in fiscal
policies of the central and the state governments, the task is achievable. The following graph represents health expenditure
per capita (current US$), and as can be seen India performs poorly.
In another sign that India has much catching up to do, the Human Development Report 2013 released by the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP), ranked the country at a low 136 among 186 countries on its Human Development Index
(HDI) — a composite measure of life expectancy, access to education and income levels.
Auxiliary Solutions:
85
64
92 101
136
BRAZIL MALAYSIA SRILANKA CHINA INDIA
World Human Development Index Ranking
10. References
Indian Healthcare: Inspiring possibilities, challenging journey, by McKinsey and Company (Dec,
2012)
Indian Census, 2011
Ministry of Women and Child Development (http://wcd.nic.in/)
Http://data.worldbank.org/
Ministry of Labour and Employment (http://labour.nic.in/content/)
Wikipedia
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_total_health_expenditure_(PPP)_per_capita)
Health Care in India - vision 2020, Issues and prospects by R. Srinivisan
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (http://mohfw.nic.in/)