Svp field training report final

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FIELD TRAINING REPORT
Submitted to
Department of Civil Engineering
By
PARAB SHUBHAM VILAS
1202016
Under The Guidance Of
PROF. Y.M.PATIL
Under The Supervision Of
ER. PATIL KAILAS R.
Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar
(An Autonomous Institute)
Affiliated to Shivaji University Kolhapur
2014-15

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Preliminary Information:
a. General information of the candidate
1. Name- Parab shubham vilas
2. Enrollment No. : 1202016
3. Contact Address-At/Post- Islampur
Tal.Walwa Dist.Sangli
4. Email ID: shubhamparab2212@gmail.com
5. Mobile No-9420728101
b. Name and address of the Company.
Omkar construction Pvt.Ltd bhugaon, Pune.
3 Amey Apartments, Pooja Park Society,
Prabhat Road, Kothrud, Pune-4110038, MH (India)
c. Period of Field Training:
01 Dec to 21Dec, 2014
TotalDays : 21
d. Contact officer in the above organization:
Name: Mr.S.A.Wable & Mr.K.R.Patil
Designation: D.C.E.( RIT Diploma Alumni-Batch 1989)
Phone number: 020-32422346
E-mail address: Omkarconstructions9@gmail.com

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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Field Training undergone in the Omkar Constructions Pvt.
Ltd..iscarried out by Mr. PARAB SHUBHAM VILAS under my guidance. The report is
submitted towards the partial fulfillment of Third year, full time Under Graduate Programme in
Civil Engineering.
Date:
Name & Sign of Guide Name & Sign of Supervisor

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to express sincere thanks and gratitude to the DR.H.S.JADHAV(H.O.D.
Department of civil engineering) and PROF. Y.M.PATIL (Department of Civil Engineering,
Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar) for the whole hearted encouragement,
advice and timely guidance in completing this field training work.
I have to record my deep sense of indebtedness to Mr.K. R. Patil, (Omkar
Constructions pvt.ltd.)for providing us the facilities and instruments and for their stimulating
guidance and continuous encouragement.
I also like to thank my family for supporting me through this field training activity. It is
my pleasure to thank Dr. S.S.Kulkarni (Director R.I.T) and Prof.D.B.Kulkarni (Field training
in charge) for giving me this opportunity.
It is necessary here to acknowledge the valuable support and suggestions provided by
Mr. Rohit Jadhav, (Site Engineer,Omkar const. pvt lim.)in carrying out training work.
PARAB SHUBHAM VILAS
(Roll No.: -1202016)

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INDEX
Sr.No. Page No.
1. Project details 6
2. Site layout and drawings 8
3. Works on site 11
4. Daily schedule 23
5. Material rate and labour cost 27
6. Field tests 28
7. Equipments and safety 32
8. Management work 42
9. Interaction with project head 46
10. conclusion 48

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Chapter 1
Project details
Name of the project: Crystal tower
Client:Paranjape schemes pvt.ltd.
Contractor: Omkar constructions pvt.Ltd.
Consultant:
1.Architectural consultant- Mr. A B Waidya
2.R.C.C. consultant- Mr. S.W. Mone
3.Legal consultant- Adv. H.P.Koparde
Estimated Cost: 18.5crore
Duration of Project:2.5 years
Project commencement Year: 2013
1.1. Project Brief
 General Description and Scope of the Project
 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
This project is situated in Baner, Pune which is very near to the commercial zone,
schools, colleges, hospitals, bus stand etc. The site is situated in nature‟s beauty i.e it
has fresh air and is pollution free.

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 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT:
It is a residential project aimed at affordable housing with all faciltites like
wide internal roads, garden, jogging track, internal security with CCTV cameras and
security guard, large parking space, ampitheatre, purified drinking water supply with
solar water heating system, invertor backup system and Ganesh temple.
This project targets to provide residence for about 1,000 people.
 Training Site Details:
Address:
Total Plot Area = 25690.38sq.m.
Total Carpet Area = 2122.13sq.m.
No. of buildings =3
Total flats=144
 Training In charge: Mr. Rohit Jadhav
 Location: Banerphata, Pune
 Organization structure is as given below:-
1) Chairman:- Mr.A.A.Wable & Mr.K.R.Patil
2) Vice-Chairman:- Mr.S.A.Wable
3) M.D.:- Mr. Shrinivas Wable
4) Manager:- Mr.A.S.Gaikwad
5) Site Engineer:-Mr.Rohitjadhav
6) Supervisor:-Mr.SudhakarAade
7)LaborIn charge :-Mr.G. L. Mahamun

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Location Map
Proposed Building

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Floor Plan
Typical 3BHK Flat

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Chapter 2
Works On Site
Footing-
Footing is important part of foundation. To provide a level or uniform platform for
structure footing is provided. Footing spread out the weight of the structure so the soil can carry
the load spread out within the footing itself at about 45 degree angle and then spread out in the
soil. They are typically made of concrete with rebar reinforcement that has been poured into an
excavated trench. The choice of suitable type of footing depends on the depth at which the bearing strata
lies, the soil condition and the type of superstructure
Raft footing is used on site by investigating nature of soil and bearing capacity of soil. As
the loading on footing is very large so that the thickness of the raft 0.6m is taken with
reinforcement fitting.After excavating surface is compacted and PCC is provided with
waterproofing. Over the PCC, raft is provided. Column footing is used to transfer the load of the
column to the raft.
Information of site-
 Size of the raft footing- 21 X 35m
 no of column footing-
 Thickness of footing-0.6m
 Concrete used- M25 (cement-50kg, metal-150kg, crushed sand-96kg, admixture-
500ml, water- 21lit
Procedure for the raft footing-
1. The bed is compacted and sprinkled over with water.
2. Then the whole area is dug out to the specified depth and 30 cm more wide than the area
to be covered.
3. a layer PCC concrete is laid to a suitable thickness to act as a bottom cover.
4. After this, the reinforcement is laid. The reinforcement consists of closely spaced bars
placed at right angles to one another.
5. Then the M20 cement concrete is laid and compacted to the required thickness.
6. The concrete slab so laid is then properly cured
7. When loads are excessive, thick concrete beams running under the columns can also be
constructed.
Suitability-
This type of foundation is useful for public buildings, office buildings, school buildings,
residential quarters etc. where the ground conditions are very poor and bearing powerof the
soil is so low that individual spread footing cannot be provided.

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Column
A reinforced concrete column is a structural members designed to carry compressive
loads, composed of concrete with an embedded steel frame to provide reinforcement. For design
purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and slender columns.
A column may be classified based on different criteria such as:
1. Based on shape
 Rectangle
 Square
 Circular
 Polygon
2. Based on slenderness ratio
 Short column, ? ? 12
 Long column, ? > 12
3. Based on type of loading
 Axially loaded column
 A column subjected to axial load and uniaxial bending
 A column subjected to axial load and biaxial bending
Constructing RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) Column involves following four stages of
works -
1. Column layout work
2. Column reinforcement work
3. Column formwork, and
4. Pouring concrete into column.
 Column layout work
In this stage of works the location of columns are determined practically in field. It is
done by laying rope according to grids shown in the drawing and then mark the location of
columns related to rope.

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Retaining wall
Retaining wall is structure used to maintain ground surface at different elevations on
either side of it. Retaining wall provides lateral support to vertical slopes of soil. They retain soil
which will otherwise collapse in to more natural shapes. The retained soil is referred as backfill.
Retaining walls are usually built to hold back soil mass. However, retaining walls can
also be constructed for aesthetic landscaping purposes. Retaining walls are structures that are
constructed to retain soil or any such materials which are unable to stand vertically by
themselves. They are also provided to maintain the grounds at two different levels.
On site of crystal tower retaining wall is used to retain soil between two different levels
ground level basement level. This retaining wall is cast along boundary of site.M 25 grade
concrete is used with reinforcement of 8 mm tor steel bars. For water proofing purpose
“shahabadi” tiles are laid on one side of retaining wall.

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Slab and beam casting:-
 Reinforcement
It shall be as per BBS(behavior based safety) prepared according to approved drawing. The R/F
shifting and binding shall be started as soon as shuttering is completed. R/F binding shall
continue as formwork and shuttering work is progresses.
 Concreting
 Construction joint
The construction joint shall be pre decided and fixed prior to start of the concreting. It is
planned to have two construction joints for main building as decided. In case of major break
down of the Batching plant, the additional Construction joint may be left. The location of the
construction joint shall be at the one-third span. Construction joint shall be straight and have
profile of „L‟ shape so that successive layer of concrete shall be perfectly bonded with previous
laid layer.
Preparation of construction joint shall include roughening, removing all laitance adhering to the
joint and application of thick slurry before start of the new concrete.
 Production and placement of concrete.
Stock of material shall be sufficient to start the concrete. It shall be ensured by
stores/purchase dept that concreting is not stopped on account of materials.
All plant and machinery are checked and made in working conditions.
Concrete of grade M-25 shall be produced from our batching plant and directly pumped
to the location of concrete placement through the pipeline. The pouring sequence shall be from
grid A towards construction joint. Since the grade of concrete for column is M-40 and
surrounding concrete is M-25, sufficient offset around column shall be casted with M-40.The
offset dimensions shall be provided by PMC.
Proper walkways/platforms shall be arranged so that the supports of the pipeline and
manpower are not directly stand on reinforcement.

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Sufficient carpenters along with supervisor shall inspect the behavior of supports below the
slab during the casting. Extra Props shall be stocked below slab to provide additional supports in
case of any failure of supports.
 Curing
The curing shall be started immediately after thumb set of the concrete laid. Hessian
clothe /Plastic shall be covered over the set concrete to reduce moisture evaporation from the
concrete during hardening and thus to minimize shrinkage crazy cracks. These cracks are
inheriting property of the concrete specially appears during casting of flat surfaces.
Final curing shall be done by ponding and stacking water for minimum period of 7 days
.

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P.C.C.:-
PCC-plain cement concrete of grades M10 or M15 is used as leveling course in the
foundation trenches to act as level platform for RCC footing for columns / masonry footing for
load bearing walls.it also serves as separating layer between natural soil and footing so that any
harmful chemical present in soil will not act on the footing .PCC has no structural importance.in
case of trances or pits excavated than the required depth ,the extra depth should be filled with
PCC of required grade at the expense of contractor to the required level to place the footing.
For P.C.C., At the site , they were used M10 Grade concrete and thickness of the
P.C.C. was 150mm.
INFORMATION OF SITE :-
Size of the PCC :- 21 x 35 sq.m.
Thickness of PCC:- 0.15 m
Concrete grade :- M10
Procedure for PCC.:-
i) Excavation levels and dimensions to be checked as per drawings.
ii) Remove all the loose earth from the pits.
iii) Do water sprinkling and ramming the cleaned surface of pit by mechanical
rammer.
iv) Do the shuttering by planks and runners wherever if necessary.
v) Mix the concrete with required proportion and water cement ratio by mechanical
mixer machine and place the same in to pits.
vi) Poured surface to be rammed and finished smoothly.

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Waterproofing:-
Water-proof or water-resistant describes objects relatively unaffected by water or
resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions. Such items may be used in wet
environments or under water to specified depths. Waterproofing describes making a structure
waterproof or water-resistant
"Water resistant" and "waterproof" often refer to penetration of water in its liquid state and
possibly under pressure, whereas damp proof refers to resistance to humidity or
dampness. Permeation of water through a material or structure.
Waterproofing is done by using rough Shahabad tile. Shown in fig.

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Expansion joints:-
An expansion joint or movement joint is an assembly designed to safely absorb the heat-
induced expansion and contraction of construction materials, to absorb vibration, to hold parts
together, or to allow movement due to ground settlement or earthquakes. They are commonly
found between sections of buildings, bridges, sidewalks, railway tracks, piping systems, ships,
and other structures.
Building faces, concrete slabs, and pipelines expand and contract due to warming and cooling
from seasonal variation, or due to other heat sources. Before expansion joint gaps were built into
these structures, they would crack under the stress induced.

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Shuttering
Timber is the most common Formwork is an ancillary construction, used as a mould for a
structure. Into this mould, fresh concrete is placed only to harden subsequently. The construction
of formwork takes time and involves expenditure upto 20 to 25% of the cost of the structure or
even more. Design of these temporary structures are made to economic expenditure. The
operation of removing the formwork is known as stripping. Stripped formwork can be reused.
Reusable forms are known as panel forms and non-usable are called stationary forms.
material used for formwork. The disadvantage with timber formwork is that it will warp,
swell and shrink. Application of water impermeable cost to the surface of wood mitigates these
defects.
At our site following types of shuttering is used
 Plywood shuttering
 Steel shuttering
 Mivan shuttering
Mivan shuttering:
Mivan is aluminum formwork system.mivan technology is suitable for constructing large
number of houses in short span of time using room size forms to construct walls and slabs in one
continuous pour on concrete .mivan technology facilitate fast construction, strict quality control,
exact dimensions ,we can form any size as per requirements.mivan panels are costly than
plywood panels ,labour charge is also comparatively more.

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Chapter 3
Daily schedule
Field Training Details:-
Sr No Day & date Description of work at training site Materials used and Quality
control of work
1 Monday
1/12/2014
Casting of P.C.C. of G building M10 Grade of concrete
Waterproofing work (Above the P.C.C.)
G building
a)Rough Shahbadi tiles
b)Cement c)Water
Formwork for foundation G building
2 Tuesday
2/12/2014 Casting of P.C.C.G building
M10 Grade of concrete
G building
b)Cement c)Water
3
Wednesday
3/12/2014
Casting of Raft , Foundation G building M25 Grade of concrete
by RMC
Checking of reinforcement of slab
H building
4 Thursday
4/12/2014
Casting of P.C.C. G building M10 Grade of concrete

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Sr No Day & date
Description of work at training site Materials used at site and
Quality control of work
G building
b)Cement c)Water
5 Friday
5/12/2014 Casting of starters of columns G building
M30 Grade concrete
Casting Retaining wall G building M25 Grade concrete
Checking slab reinforcement H building
6 Saturday
6/12/2014 Casting of slab
M25 Grade concrete
Casting Retaining wall G building
M25 Grade concrete
7 Sunday
7/12/2014
8 Monday
8/12/2014 De-shuttering of slab on lateral side
H building
Casting of Raft , foundation G building
M25 Grade of concrete by RMC
Formwork for Retaining wall G building
9 Tuesday
9/12/2014
Casting of P.C. G building M10 Grade of concrete
G building
a)Rough m,Shahbadi tiles
b)Cement c)Water

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Sr No Day & date Description of work at training site
Materials used at site and
Quality control of work
10 Wednesday 10/12/2014Casting Retaining wall G building M25 Grade of concrete
Casting of P.C.C. G building
M10 Grade of concrete
Waterproofing work (Above the P.C.C.) G buildinga)Rough Shahbadi tiles
b)Cement c)Water
11 Thursday
11/12/2014
Formwork for slab of H building
Casting of starters of columns G building M30 Grade concrete
M25 Grade concrete
12 Friday
12/12/2014 Casting of Column up to plinth level G
building
M30 Grade concrete
Formwork for slab of H building
M25 Grade concrete
13 Saturday
building
M30 Grade concrete
G building
b)Cement c)Water
14 Sunday
14/12/2014
15 Monday
15/12/2014
Casting of Raft , Foundation G building M25 Grade of concrete by RMC
Fitting of steel reinforcement of slab
16 Tuesday
16/12/2014

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G building
b)Cement c)Water
Casting of Column up to plinth level G
building
M30 Grade concrete
17 Wednesday
building
M30 Grade concrete
Waterproofing work (Above the P.C.C.) G building
b)Cement c)Water
18 Thursday
18/12/2014 Casting of Raft , Foundation G building
M25 Grade concrete
19 Friday
19/12/2014 Casting of starters of columns G building
M30 Grade concrete
20 Saturday
20/12/2014
Casting of Raft , Foundation
G building
M25 Grade concrete

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Raw Material Rate
Sr.No Description of material Unit Rate per unit
1 Cement Per Bag 250 /-
2 Crushed sand Brass 1500 /-
3 Natural sand Brass 4500 /-
4 Aggregate Brass 2000 /-
5 Steel Ton 56000 /-
Labour Rate for items
Sr.No Description Rate per unit
1 Shuttering Contractor Rs-38 (Built up)
2 Bar Bender Rs-15 (per Sq.Ft)
3 Labour Contractor (Brickwork , Plastering) RS-80 ( per Sq.Ft)
4 Tile fitting RS-25 ( per Sq.Ft)
5 Electrition RS-80 ( per Sq.Ft)
6 Plumbing RS-2000 ( per unit)
7 Painter Work RS-15 ( per Sq.Ft)
8 P-O-P Work RS-60 ( per Sq.Ft)
9 Fabricator RS-10 ( per Sq.Ft)

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Field Tests
Tests on concrete:
1) Slump cone test:-
The concrete slump test is an empirical test that measures the workability of
fresh concrete. It is a term which describes the state of fresh concrete. It refers to the ease with
which the concrete flows. It is used to indicate the degree of wetness. The test is popular due to
the simplicity of apparatus used and simple procedure.
Principle:-The slump test result is a slump of the behavior of a compacted inverted cone of
concrete under the action of gravity. It measures the consistency or the wetness of concrete.
Procedure:-The test is carried out using a mould known as a slump cone or Abrams cone. The
cone is placed on a hard non-absorbent surface. This cone is filled with fresh concrete in three
stages, each time it is tamped using a rod of standard dimensions. At the end of the third stage,
concrete is struck off flush to the top of the mould. The mould is carefully lifted vertically
upwards, so as not to disturb the concrete cone. Concrete subsides. This subsidence is termed as
slump, and is measured in to the nearest 5 mm.
Observations:-slump cone : 80 mm.
Conclusion:- slump cone is below 90mm therefore concrete is consistent.

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2) Cube testing:
Out of many test applied to the concrete, this is the most important which gives an idea about all
the characteristics of concrete. By this single test one judge that whether Concreting has been
done properly or not. For cube test specimens cubes of 15 cm x 15cm x 15 cm are commonly
used.
This concrete is poured in the mould and tempered properly so as not to have any voids. After 24
hours these moulds are removed and test specimens are put in water for curing. The top surface
of this specimen should be made even and smooth. This is done by putting cement paste and
spreading smoothly on whole area of specimen.
These specimens are tested by compression testing machine after 7 days curing or 28 days
curing. Load should be applied gradually at the rate of 140 kg/cm2 per minute till the Specimens
fails. Load at the failure divided by area of specimen gives the compressive strength of concrete.
Tests on materials used:-
A)Sand and aggregate:-
1) Sieve analysis:-
A sieve analysis is a practice or procedure used to assess the particle size
distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material. The size distribution is often of critical
importance to the way the material performs in use.
Procedure:-
 A gradation test is performed on a sample of aggregate in a laboratory. A typical sieve
analysis involves a nested column of sieves with wire mesh.
 A representative weighed sample is poured into the top sieve which has the largest
screen openings. Each lower sieve in the column has smaller openings than the one
above. At the base is a round pan, called the receiver.
 The column is typically placed in a mechanical shaker. The shaker shakes the column,
usually for some fixed amount of time. After the shaking is complete the material on
each sieve is weighed. The weight of the sample of each sieve is then divided by the
total weight to give a percentage retained on each sieve.
 A suitable sieve size for the aggregate should be selected and placed in order of
decreasing size, from top to bottom, in a mechanical sieve shaker. A pan should be

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placed underneath the nest of sieves to collect the aggregate that passes through the
smallest. The entire nest is then agitated, and the material whose diameter is smaller than
the mesh opening pass through the sieves. After the aggregate reaches the pan, the
amount of material retained in each sieve is then weighed.
3) Moisture content.
B) Tests on steel:-
1) Tensile test:-
The specimen is subjected to tensile load and extension is noted against the
load within the elastic limit. Loads at, Yield point, Breaking point and Ultimate point are noted.
With these, stress-strain graph is plotted and following results are calculated.
 Modulus of Elasticity = Stress (within the elastic limit)/Strain.
 Yield stress = (Load at yield point /original c/s area)
 Ultimate stress = (Ultimate Load/ original c/s area.)
2) Bend test:-
The ASTM E-290 standard covers bend testing of bars primary for evaluation of
their ductility. Specifications such as size and type, radius of bending, angle of bend, number and
size of visible cracks if any, are reported. The standard demanded that after testing the convex
surface of the bend specimen shall be examined with the unaided eye to identify cracks or other
open defects.
3) Rebend test:-
Reinforcing steel specifications often require a rebend test. This is a
measure of the strain age embrittlement of the bars. After bending through a specified angle
around a specified mandrel diameter, samples are aged in an air oven, and then rebent through a
smaller specified angle. Samples must show no signs of cracking in order to pass this test.
C) Tests on water:-
1) pH
of water.
2) Hardness of water.

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Chapter 4
Equipments & safety
Machines
It is common fact we find wide variety of construction on every construction site. Which
makes the job easy, safe and quicker. Depending on application construction machines are
classified into different types which are
1. Earth moving instrument
2. Construction vehicles
3. Material handling instrument
4. Construction instrument
Following machines are mainly used on site for construction purpose:
Weigh batcher:
Weigh Batcher is used in various industrial applications and is accessed at affordable
prices in the market. These are appreciated for their efficient working ability and long working
life. Weigh batcher is machine used in construction industry to weigh exact quantity of sand
,cement ,aggregates to form concrete.Concrete weigh batcher (double hopper) is an effective
device extensively used for weighing production of controlled concrete.it is suitable to produce
M20,M25,M30 concrete. If lesser quantity of concrete is required then instead of RMC weigh
batcher is used.
Weigh batcher is generally placed on flat surface otherwise we have to level it with level
tube.by adjusting the weights on scale we can measure exact quantity of material to be used
.Then this mixed is send to concrete mixer.
Suitable design for M 15, M 25 & M 30 are provided with:
 Type: Scale Type
 Size: 2.2 x 1.05 x 1.8 meters
 Capacity: 500 Kg (250 Kg Each)
 Mechanism: Lever Type
Operation:
 Capacity of the hopper - 250 / 500 kg each

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 Level the machine properly on platform
 Clean the machine regularly to get the proper weights of sand & aggregate
 Put the required weights in to the pan (100 kg, 50 kg & 20kg) As per weight required for
odd calibration, adjust the weight on the scale given. (10 mm = 1000 gm)
 Unload the material directly in the mixer hopper, outlet given on rear side.
Water dispenser:
Water dispenser is machine used to add exact amount of water in to mix of
cement ,aggregates, sand etc.For specific concrete grade amount of warter is fixed so we
can digitaly adjust the water and flow of water in to concrete mixer.

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Cutter machine:
Cutter machine is used to cut the steel for reinforcement it is having rotating blade which
has to change after deterioration .it is portable machine so we an easily move it to any place .it
works on electric power. cutter machine is used also cut binding wires etc.

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Concrete mixer:
A concrete mixer (also commonly called a cement mixer) is a device that homogeneously
combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical
concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volume works
portable concrete mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at the construction site,
giving the workers ample time to use the concrete before it hardens. An alternative to a machine
is mixing concrete by hand. This is usually done in a wheelbarrow; however, several companies
have recently begun to sell modified tarps for this purpose.
For smaller jobs, such as residential repairs, renovations, or hobbyist-scale projects, many
cubic yards of concrete are usually not required. Bagged cement is readily available in small-
batch sizes, and aggregate and water are easily obtained in small quantities for the small work
site. To service this small-batch concrete market, there are many types of small portable concrete
mixers available.

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Vibrator needle:
Since concrete contains particles of varying sizes, the most satisfactory compaction would
perhaps be obtained by using vibrators with different speeds of vibration. Polyfrequency vibrators used
for compacting concrete of stiff consistency are being developed. The vibrators for compacting concrete
are manufactured with frequencies of vibration from 2800 to 15000 rpm. The various types of vibrators
used are described below:
This is perhaps the most commonly used vibrator. It essentially consists of a steel tube
(with one end closed and rounded) having an eccentric vibrating element inside it. This steel tube
called poker is connected to an electric motor or a diesel engine through a flexible tube. They are
available in size varying from 40 to 100 mm diameter. The diameter of the poker is decided from
the consideration of the spacing between the reinforcing bars in the form-work.
The frequency of vibration varies up to 15000 rpm. However a range between 3000 to
6000 rpm is suggested as a desirable minimum with an acceleration of 4g to 10g.
The normal radius of action of an immersion vibrator is 0.50 to 1.0m. However, it would be
preferable to immerse the vibrator into concrete at intervals of not more than 600mm or 8 to 10
times the diameter of the poker.
The period of vibration required may be of the order of 30 seconds to 2 minute. The concrete
should be placed in layers not more than 600mm high.

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R.M.C. :
Ready-mix concrete is concrete that is manufactured in a factory or batching plant,
according to a set recipe, and then delivered to a work site, by truck mounted intransit machine.
This results in a precise mixture, allowing specialty to be developed and implemented on
construction sites.
Ready-mix concrete is sometimes preferred over on-site concrete mixing because of the
precision of the mixture and reduced work site confusion. However, using a pre-determined
concrete mixture reduces flexibility, both in the supply chain and in the actual components of the
concrete.
Ready-mix concrete is also referred as the customized concrete products for commercial
purpose. Ready-mix concrete, or RMC as it is popularly called, refers to concrete that is
specifically manufactured for delivery to the customer's construction site in a freshly mixed and
plastic or unhardened state. Concrete itself is a mixture of Portland cement, water and aggregates
comprising sand and gravel or crushed stone. In traditional work sites, each of these materials is
procured separately and mixed in specified proportions at site to make concrete. Read-mix
concrete is bought and sold by volume - usually expressed in cubic meters
Disadvantages of R.M.C.
 The materials are batched at a central plant, and the mixing begins at that plant, so the
traveling time from the plant to the site is critical over longer distances. Some sites are
just too far away, though this is usually a commercial rather than a technical issue.
 Generation of additional road traffic. Furthermore, access roads and site access have to be
able to carry the greater weight of the ready-mix truck plus load. (Green concrete is
approx. 2.5 tonne per m³.) This problem can be overcome by utilizing so-called 'minimix'
companies which use smaller 4m³ capacity mixers able to reach more-restricted sites.
 Concrete's limited timespan between mixing and going-off means that ready-mix should
be placed within 210 minutes of batching at the plant Modern admixtures can modify that
timespan precisely, however, so the amount and type of admixture added to the mix is
very important.
 Water pump
 Grinder machine
 Breaker
 Lift and trolley
 Wheel borrow
 Drill machine

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Equipments
Plumb bob:
Plastering tool:

40 | P a g e
Scraper:
Circular sieve:

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SITE SAFETY
For achieving safety on the site no. of safety officers are appointed. A better safety
control measures are also adopted on site while construction.
Safety Equipments used on construction site:
a) Compulsory use of helmets on site.
b) Safety belts are used on site while working on height.
c) A horizontal barrigation is provided at building lift ducts, and on the other spot also
d) For safer working on site all construction equipments are regularly surveyed.
e) Safety is enforced by law on sate to each and every worker on site.
f) A trained operators are appointed at crane and other construction equipments.
g) Hand gloves are used as safety tool.
h) A safety sign boards are also provided on site with a much higher density.
i) Safety nets are used to held the materials that fall down during work.
j) Fire Extinguisher.

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CHAPTER5
Management Work
Bar Chart:
Sr.No Activities Duration (weeks)
A. Excavation 2
B. P.C.C.+ Water 3
C. Raft + Column 8
D. Pardi 2
E. First Slab 5
F. Second Slab 5
G. Third Slab 4

45 | P a g e
Details of Labour
Sr. No. Description Category Nos. Rates
1. Carpenter In charge 1 500
. Helper 9 250
Sutar 20 400
2. Fitter In charge 2 500
Helper 12 250
Foreman 3 450
3. Concreting Incharge 1 600
Helper 12 250
Foreman 6 500
4. Centering Incharge 1 700
Helper 10 300
Foreman 2 550

46 | P a g e
Interview of Project Head:-
Interviewee: Mr. Kailas Ramchandra.Patil( Managing Director, Om constrution.)
Age-48 years
Education-diploma in 1989 from RIT
Home town- shirala, dist-sangli
Experience-25 years
Past project- 1st
project-at rajarambapu factory
-at Pratibha construction
-Raj bank,
-ashti sugar nagar
-bhugaon project
Running project-Dmart at Mumbai and kalian
-Toyota show room at miraj
-Sadaphuli,baner
-Crystal towers, baner
 What were the problems faced on the labourer’s front?
 After starting the construction, the workers had carried out strikes in order to increase
their wages i.e when they were provided with insufficient wages. Due to this we
faced problems in calculating estimates and also the time duration of completion of
project was increased.
 Were there any problems while acquiring the land for this project?
 We did not face any problems from people from whom the land was bought but while
construction of compound walls began the neighbors used to threaten us in the name
of a court stay order and due to this we had to pay them some extra amount which
was an indirect loss for the company.
 How is the experience of construction in this project?
 The area for construction of this project is good and the location is also easily
accessible, also materials are available in abundance and due to this we did not face
any material shortage, transportation is also good in this area.
 If we want to start our own company like yours what are your
suggestions for newcomers like us?
 Honestly, I recommend a newcomer in this field to gain some hands on experience in
a company first and then after knowing how things work around here, that person can
start his own company. Starting a company without any job experience will most
probably lead to losses at first as the individual will have to adapt and learn the basics
of the game which will take some time.
Even Im an engineer and only technical knowledge is not enough for someone
to start his own company, an individual needs to learn many more things which are
only learnt by doing jobs as an employee in the industry.

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CONCLUSION:
During Field training, I got lot of practical knowledge of various machines,
tools & various equipments and also taking various precautions during operating
them. I also gained the knowledge how to work efficiently with less effort and
proper care to avoid accident and develop worker relationship.
Regarding the quality of work I like to add that due to poor supervising
the concreting quality was little bad. Proportion of mixing of contents in aggregate
was not stable. In this high society building there is no bathroom in servant
room.
All these features of an organization has really added some good qualities in
me. Thus this vocational training was very helpful for my academic and future life.

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Appendix:-
 SITE PHOTO GALLARY:-
 Reinforcement: -
o Slab reinforcement: -

Svp field training report final

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