Sustainable Technology At Duke Farms

Sustainable Technologies
At Duke Farms
The mission of Duke Farms is to be a model of
Environmental Stewardship for the 21st Century and to
inspire visitors to become informed stewards of the land.
11/05/2-14

The History of Duke Farms
Photo credit: Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Historical Archives, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book &
Manuscript Library, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
5/11/2015 Sustainable Technology 2

James (Buck) Buchanan Duke (1856-1925)
Entrepreneur & Founder of
American Tobacco Co.(1890)
Duke’s Farm Inc. (1893)
Duke Energy Corp. (1904)
Philanthropist
Trinity College (1895)
Duke Endowment (1924)
Duke University (1924)
Minority Colleges in NC, SC
Father of Doris Duke

Doris Duke (1912-1993)
Philanthropist& Art Collector
Environmentalist & Preservation
Innovator & Forward thinker
Founder of the Newport Restoration
Foundation (1968)
Founder of the Doris Duke Foundation for
Islamic Art (1996)
Founder of the Duke Gardens Foundation
(opened to public in 1964)
Gave away about $300 million (often
anonymously) during her lifetime
Left $1.2 Billion to charity upon her death
Benefactress of the Doris Duke Charitable
Foundation and related entities(1996)

What is sustainable technology ?
1. To meet our needs without compromising the needs of the next generation
2. Mimic Nature
Traditionally mankind uses resources in a linear fashion:
Ore manufacture build ship demolition dump
Sustainable technology demands that we use resources in a circular fashion:
 Recycle 
 
Deconstruct Manufacture
 
 Build 

Why We Do It?
 To Test Sustainable Technologies
 To Demonstrate Sustainable Technologies
 To Inspire our Visitors and Neighbors
 Both Residential and Institutional

What is LEED Certification?
 LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design
 U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)
 Benchmarks green building
 The LEED system works by awarding points for a variety
of sustainable and landscape friendly features
 The total of points achieved results in a silver, gold or
platinum certification.
 Orientation Center and Orchid Range are LEED Platinum
5/11/2015
Sustainable Technology 7

What LEED Measures
LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing
performance in key areas:
+Sustainable Sites
+Water Efficiency
+Energy & Atmosphere
+Materials & Resources
+Indoor Environmental Quality

LEED - Lessons Learned
~ Don’t just consider building it. Think about operating it.
~ Involve the Facilities Staff early and continuously
~ Technological limits (ex: when the grid is down so is our solar array)
~ LEED can limit expansion and future options
~ LEED can limit adaptation
~ LEED for New Buildings is very different than LEED for Existing
Buildings
~ Variable Scales, it doesn’t have to be huge to be worthwhile

The Three R’s
(In this order!)
Reduce
Use as little as possible.
Demand suppliers use less packing materials
Reuse
Adaptive reuse
Reclaimed materials
Recycle
At Duke Farms we strive to divert 75% of the
waste stream from landfill

Sustainable Operations
Café uses
-reusable water bottles(free refills)
-compostable utensils (corn/potato starch)
Cleaning Products
Porous pavers
Conservation Gate (Bike way)
BikeShare program

Adaptive Reuse
Most preferred use
Reusing the shell
Farm Barn:
-Buck Duke, Thorough Bred Horse Barn
-Doris Duke, Dairy Barn
-DFF, Orientation Center
Other examples:
-The High Line Park in NYC
-Louvre Museum in Paris
-Ghiradelli Square in San Francisco.
-Tate Modern in London

Reclaimed Materials
Second most preferred
Reuse, reconditioned
-Wood
-Fixtures
Third most preferred
-Recycled
-Concrete, glass, bricks, wood, wiring,
plumbing pipes, asphalt shingles, sheet
metal

Solar Array
-Powers all of Duke
Farms.
-2.6 Acres.
-640 Kilowatts.
-Equal to power used
by 78 homes.
-Net Zero
-Meter runs both ways
-Static
-S-REC’s
-Can only be 110% of
predicted need
-Huge reduction of
CO2

Solar Thermal at the Orchid Range:
Pre-heating Water for the Boilers
 Vacuum tubes
 Works even when overcast
 Heat transfer
 Preheats boiler return water
 Radiant heat

Geothermal Wells
o 56 400’ wells next to the Farm Barn.
o Constant 50 to 55 degrees.
o Closed loop system
o Heat in winter and air conditioning in the summer.
o In a residential application tubes can be placed
horizontally rather then vertically.
o 2014, reduced CO2 by 598 tons

Radiant Heating
 Heat is applied where it is needed
 If your feet are warm, so are you.
 Cools and Heats
 Filled with Glycol

Water Consumption
 Waterless urinals and low flush
toilets to conserve water.
 In the core area there are five
composting toilets
 The fans work from a small solar
panel on the roof, creating negative
pressure so there is no odor.
 Compost shrinks
Rather than 1.6 gallons per flush, the
Compostable Toilets use 2 gallons
every 2 months!

Rainwater Harvesting
 Rain Barrels collect water
 Divert from storm drains
 Prevent soil erosion
 Water garden, and wash cars and outdoor
furniture
 Dish soap to avoid mosquitos
 Empty weekly
 Use soaker hoses

Green Roof
Also known as eco-roofs or living roofs
-Found at the tram stop at the orientation center
-Prior to planting, a waterproof membrane is
placed over the roof .
-We plant in 2’ by 2’ plastic trays
o Benefits include:
 Insulation,
 Diminished heat island effect
 Lower urban air temperatures.
 Wildlife habitat for pollinators
 Absorbs rain water thus reducing storm water run off.
oThe drawbacks include:
 Increased load on the house frame
 More maintenance and increased cost.

BioSwales
•A collection device for rain water
•A place to retain water until it can be
absorbed and returned to the water table
•A natural filter for silt and other pollutants
•Bacteria on the roots digest automotive
fluids
•Photosynthesis converts CO2 to O
•A natural wetland
•A habitat for pollinators
2014, diverted almost 5 million
gallons from storm drains

Constructed Wetlands
Step 1
Rain Water is collected in a cistern
Step 2
Separate and/or dissolve solids from liquids
Step 3
Trickle tanks, add Oxygen
To the Nitrogen to make
Nitrites/Nitrates (NO2 and NO3)
Step 4
Constructed Wetlands Bacteria digest
VOC’s
Step 5
Sand filter bed
cleans Fecal
Step 6
Drip fields release
water back to
water table

Some of the plants in our constructed wetlands
Blue Flag Iris
Cattails
Soft Rush
Pickerelweed
2014 we diverted 1.2 million gallons from sewage

Natural Light (Day Lighting)
We use various methods to control the
natural light that comes into a building.
Light Baffles, reflect solar thermal while
allowing light to enter the building
Light tubes with lenses
More and larger windows facing south

Why LED Lights? (what does it cost each year)
Burning 5 hours per day
60 Watt ‘A’ bulb 10 Watt LED
Bulb Cost $2 $8
Lasts 1 Year 50 Years
Cost per year $2 $0.16
Electric cost
per year $21.68 $3.65
Total cost per year $23.68 $3.81
Total cost over 5 years $1,184 $190.50
CO2 per year 106 pounds 18 pounds
CO2 over 50 years 5,300 lbs (2.65 tons) 900 lbs (0.45 tons)

BMS – Building Management System
In the Building Management System all of the controls
for the lighting and heating systems are integrated and
computer controlled.
The lights dim to provide the same candle power at all
times. On cloudy days the lights are brighter to make up
for the lack of natural light.
The temperature in the heating loops is adjusted
according to the outside temperature.

Transportation
• For use by staff in the core
• Charges takes 8 hours and has a range of
about 25 miles.
• 2014, 34,900 miles
• Saved 26 tons of CO2
• When possible supplies come from within
500 miles to reduce the carbon foot print.

What’s Next
Battery Storage (Solar Array)
Fuel Cells
Vehicle Charging Stations (for Staff and Visitors)
Carbon Footprint Study
Measuring value of ecosystem services
Bikeway from Raritan to Duke Farms (through the North Gate)
Sustainable AgroEcology
More Programs – Professional Training and Public Education

What can you do at home?
The Three R’s
Reclaimed Materials
Insulation
Divert Waste
Compost
Rain Barrels
Porous Pavers
Conserve Water
Solar Thermal
Solar Voltaic
Transportation

Sustainable Technology At Duke Farms

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (19)

Similar to Sustainable Technology At Duke Farms

Similar to Sustainable Technology At Duke Farms (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Sustainable Technology At Duke Farms