Describe: 1- Job nature 2- Position of observation 3- Used instruments 4- Measuring unit’s(Length-angle) with examples 5- Angle and radian 6- Centesimal System 7- Examples convert S.g to Cent

2.  * Is the art of measuring on the earth’s
surface to:-
 1- Represent the earth on maps.
 2- determine the shape of the earth.
 3- determine the absolute
position(Coordination) of each point on the
earth.

3. JJob nature
Used
instruments
Position of
observation

4.  Definition
 *Small area-The curvature of the earth does
not taken into consideration plan surveying.
 *(Vast area-The curvature of the earth taken
into consideration).
 Geodesy. Geodetic Survey
 *Construction survey

5.  * Land survey
 * Underground survey
 * Hydrographic survey
 * Photogrammetry survey
 * Space survey
 * Astronomical survey

6.  * Theodolite
 * Level
 * Total station
 * GPS (Global Positioning System)

8.  Ex1: Convert 10Km Miles
-----------Solution-----------
10∗1000∗100
30.48∗3∗1760
= 6.21Miles
 Ex2: Convert 100Miles KM
-----------Solution-----------
100∗3∗1760∗30.48
100∗1000
= 160.9 KM

9.  More English Metric System:
• Kassaba = 3.55m = 355cm
• Arc.Rad = 75cm
• Bal.rad = 68cm

10.  Ex1: Convert 25𝑓𝑡2 𝑚2
-----------Solution-----------
25∗30.48∗30.48
100∗100
= 2.32 𝑚2
 Ex2: Convert 25𝑓𝑡3
𝑚3
-----------Solution-----------
25∗(30.48)^3
(100)^3
= 70.8 𝑚3

11.  *Feddan = 4200.83 𝑚2
 Ex1: convert 7 𝑓
12 𝑘
13 𝑠
𝑚2
-----------Solution-----------
(7+
12
24
+
13
24∗24
)*4200.83 = 31601.0354 𝑚2
 Ex2: convert 88717 𝑚2
21 𝑓
2 𝑘
20.5 𝑠
 Ex2: convert 139718 𝑚2 33 𝑓 6 𝑘 5.5 𝑠
Sol
Sol

12.  *Sexagesimal system
1 𝑜
= 60′
arc-degree
1 𝑜
= 60′′
arc-minute
1Revelution = 360 𝑜
R.A = 90 𝑜
 *Radians
𝜋
2
, 𝜋 , 3𝜋

13.  Grade gon
 Centigrade c
 Deci-milli-grade cc
 Gon = 100 𝑐
 C = 100 𝑐𝑐
 1Rev = 400 𝑔𝑜𝑛
 R.A = 100 𝑔𝑜𝑛

14.  *S.g
𝜋 180
180 𝜋
Rad
 Ex1: Convert 30 𝑜 Rad
-----------Solution-----------
30 *
𝜋
180
=
𝜋
6
 Ex2: Convert 30 𝑜 30′ Rad
-----------Solution-----------
30.5 *
𝜋
180
=
61
360
𝜋
 Ex3: Convert
𝜋
4
S.g
-----------Solution-----------
𝜋
4
*
180
𝜋
= 45 𝑜

15.  Ex1: Convert 30 𝑔𝑜𝑛 86 𝑐 77 𝑐𝑐 deg,min,sec
-----------Solution-----------
S.g Cent
360 𝑜
400 𝑔𝑜𝑛
x 30.8677 𝑔𝑜𝑛
Then, x = 27 𝑜 45′ 57.3′′

16.  Ex2: Convert 30 𝑜
30′
20′′
gon,c,cc
-----------Solution-----------
S.g Cent
360 𝑜 400 𝑔𝑜𝑛
30.50556 x
Then, x = 33 𝑔𝑜𝑛. 89 𝑐. 51 𝑐𝑐