This document summarizes surgical treatments for low back pain and sciatica presented by Dr. Jean-Louis Leflot. It discusses various procedures including discectomy, DIAM, disc arthroplasty, ALIF, and AXIALIF. Key advantages noted are reduced fibrosis, restored disc height and lordosis, decreased adjacent level degeneration, and avoidance of intracanalicular intrusion. Surgical goals are listed as pain relief, improved function, and longevity. The retroperitoneal approach for disc arthroplasty is highlighted for preserving lumbar muscles and avoiding intraspinal fibrosis with a good intervertebral view.