Superficial Mycoses Disease
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Superficial Mycoses Cutaneous, M Umair Mufakir Msc zoology Student Pakistan for more deatain +923360532009
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Cutaneous mycoses.ppt
1. Cutaneous mycoses are infections of the skin, hair, or nails caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes that digest keratin.
2. Dermatophytosis, commonly known as ringworm, is caused by three genera of dermatophytes - Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton - and can infect different areas of the body like the feet, nails, scalp, or beard.
3. Dermatophytes are classified ecologically into anthropophilic, zoophilic, and geophilic types depending on their usual habitat of humans, animals, or soil respectively in order to determine the likely source of infection.
Medical Mycology Black Piedra and White Piedra.pptx
Black piedra is a fungal infection of the hair shafts. It is also known as Trichomycosis nodosa. The fungal elements are attached to the hair shaft to form nodules along the hair shaft. It predominantly affects scalp hair, although involvement of the beard, mustache and pubic hairs is also known.
White Piedra is a superficial fungal infection of the hair caused by Trichosporon asahii. It is also known as trichomycosis nodosa or trichomycosis nodularis.
Subcutaneous Mycosis
1. Mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous infection characterized by painless swelling, sinuses, and discharge of characteristic grains. It is mostly caused by fungi (eumycetoma) or bacteria (actinomycetoma) transmitted through skin trauma in tropical areas.
2. Chromoblastomycosis presents as verrucous plaques or nodules that may ulcerate, caused by dematiaceous fungi transmitted through skin abrasions in tropical regions. Phaeohypomycosis is a related fungal infection characterized by subcutaneous cysts.
3. Other fungal infections described include sporotrichosis causing ulcerative nodules along lymphatics, lobomy
Mycoses
This document summarizes different types of mycoses (fungal infections). It discusses four categories: superficial mycoses, cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, and subcutaneous zygomycoses. For each type, it provides the causative organisms, clinical symptoms, methods of diagnosis, and common treatments. The document primarily focuses on describing the characteristic features of different fungal infections for identification and management purposes.
Opportunistic mycoses cadidiasis
Candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida species, which are normally present on human skin and mucous membranes. When the normal bacterial flora is disrupted by antibiotics, Candida can overgrow and cause opportunistic infections. Common manifestations include oral thrush, vaginal candidiasis, and skin rashes. Candidiasis is diagnosed by visualizing budding yeast and pseudohyphae on smears or growing Candida species in culture. Identification tests help determine the specific Candida species involved. Immunocompromised individuals are more susceptible to severe, disseminated forms of candidiasis.
[Micro] opportunistic mycosis
This document discusses various opportunistic mycoses including Candida species, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus. It provides details on the morphology, pathogenicity, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of candidiasis and cryptococcosis. Key points include that Candida is a dimorphic yeast that can cause superficial or systemic infections depending on host immunity. Common species include C. albicans. Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can cause pulmonary or disseminated disease, especially in immunocompromised hosts such as those with HIV/AIDS. Diagnosis involves microscopy, culture, and antigen detection of Candida and Cryptococcus from clinical samples. Treatment involves antifungal
Subcutaneous mycoses.ppt
1. Subcutaneous mycoses are chronic fungal or bacterial infections of the subcutaneous tissues that can spread through the lymphatics or form sinus tracts. They are caused by organisms found in soil and are most common in tropical regions.
2. Mycetoma, also known as Madura foot, is a common subcutaneous mycosis characterized by a slowly progressive granulomatous infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the extremities. It is caused by fungi like Madurella mycetomatis or bacteria like Actinomyces.
3. Diagnosis involves identification of fungal or bacterial grains from infected lesions through microscopic examination of potassium hydroxide mounts, staining techniques,
Superficial mycosis
1. Superficial mycoses involve infections of the skin and its appendages by fungi including Malassezia species, dermatophytes, and others.
2. Common conditions include pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur presenting as discolored patches, and tinea infections like tinea corporis caused by dermatophytes appearing as scaly rings.
3. Laboratory diagnosis involves potassium hydroxide microscopy of skin and nail samples to visualize fungal elements, and culture to isolate and identify the causative agent. Topical and oral antifungal drugs are used for treatment.
Recommended
Cutaneous mycoses.ppt
1. Cutaneous mycoses are infections of the skin, hair, or nails caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes that digest keratin.
2. Dermatophytosis, commonly known as ringworm, is caused by three genera of dermatophytes - Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton - and can infect different areas of the body like the feet, nails, scalp, or beard.
3. Dermatophytes are classified ecologically into anthropophilic, zoophilic, and geophilic types depending on their usual habitat of humans, animals, or soil respectively in order to determine the likely source of infection.
Medical Mycology Black Piedra and White Piedra.pptx
Black piedra is a fungal infection of the hair shafts. It is also known as Trichomycosis nodosa. The fungal elements are attached to the hair shaft to form nodules along the hair shaft. It predominantly affects scalp hair, although involvement of the beard, mustache and pubic hairs is also known.
White Piedra is a superficial fungal infection of the hair caused by Trichosporon asahii. It is also known as trichomycosis nodosa or trichomycosis nodularis.
Subcutaneous Mycosis
1. Mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous infection characterized by painless swelling, sinuses, and discharge of characteristic grains. It is mostly caused by fungi (eumycetoma) or bacteria (actinomycetoma) transmitted through skin trauma in tropical areas.
2. Chromoblastomycosis presents as verrucous plaques or nodules that may ulcerate, caused by dematiaceous fungi transmitted through skin abrasions in tropical regions. Phaeohypomycosis is a related fungal infection characterized by subcutaneous cysts.
3. Other fungal infections described include sporotrichosis causing ulcerative nodules along lymphatics, lobomy
Mycoses
This document summarizes different types of mycoses (fungal infections). It discusses four categories: superficial mycoses, cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, and subcutaneous zygomycoses. For each type, it provides the causative organisms, clinical symptoms, methods of diagnosis, and common treatments. The document primarily focuses on describing the characteristic features of different fungal infections for identification and management purposes.
Opportunistic mycoses cadidiasis
Candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida species, which are normally present on human skin and mucous membranes. When the normal bacterial flora is disrupted by antibiotics, Candida can overgrow and cause opportunistic infections. Common manifestations include oral thrush, vaginal candidiasis, and skin rashes. Candidiasis is diagnosed by visualizing budding yeast and pseudohyphae on smears or growing Candida species in culture. Identification tests help determine the specific Candida species involved. Immunocompromised individuals are more susceptible to severe, disseminated forms of candidiasis.
[Micro] opportunistic mycosis
This document discusses various opportunistic mycoses including Candida species, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus. It provides details on the morphology, pathogenicity, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of candidiasis and cryptococcosis. Key points include that Candida is a dimorphic yeast that can cause superficial or systemic infections depending on host immunity. Common species include C. albicans. Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can cause pulmonary or disseminated disease, especially in immunocompromised hosts such as those with HIV/AIDS. Diagnosis involves microscopy, culture, and antigen detection of Candida and Cryptococcus from clinical samples. Treatment involves antifungal
Subcutaneous mycoses.ppt
1. Subcutaneous mycoses are chronic fungal or bacterial infections of the subcutaneous tissues that can spread through the lymphatics or form sinus tracts. They are caused by organisms found in soil and are most common in tropical regions.
2. Mycetoma, also known as Madura foot, is a common subcutaneous mycosis characterized by a slowly progressive granulomatous infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the extremities. It is caused by fungi like Madurella mycetomatis or bacteria like Actinomyces.
3. Diagnosis involves identification of fungal or bacterial grains from infected lesions through microscopic examination of potassium hydroxide mounts, staining techniques,
Superficial mycosis
1. Superficial mycoses involve infections of the skin and its appendages by fungi including Malassezia species, dermatophytes, and others.
2. Common conditions include pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur presenting as discolored patches, and tinea infections like tinea corporis caused by dermatophytes appearing as scaly rings.
3. Laboratory diagnosis involves potassium hydroxide microscopy of skin and nail samples to visualize fungal elements, and culture to isolate and identify the causative agent. Topical and oral antifungal drugs are used for treatment.
SUBCUTANEOUS AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS
This document provides information on subcutaneous mycoses. It discusses several specific subcutaneous mycoses including sporotrichosis, mycetoma, and chromoblastomycosis. For each condition, it summarizes the causative agents, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. Key points include that these fungi are directly inoculated into subcutaneous tissue through injury, they cause localized infections characterized by granuloma formation and draining sinuses, and treatment involves antifungal medications and sometimes surgery.
Subcutaneous mycoses
This document provides an overview of subcutaneous mycoses. It discusses several types including mycetoma, sporotrichosis, rhinosporidiosis, chromoblastomycosis, phaeohyphomycosis, and lobomycosis. For each condition, it summarizes the causative agent, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis including direct examination and culture techniques, and treatment approaches. The document emphasizes that these infections usually follow trauma and develop subcutaneously at the site of inoculation, presenting with characteristic clinical features like tumefaction, draining sinuses, and presence of grains or granules.
SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES
This document discusses classification of fungal diseases, including superficial and deep mycoses. Superficial mycoses are strictly skin infections, including tinea versicolor caused by Pityrosporum orbiculare. Dermatophytoses are fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails caused by dermatophytes like Trichophyton and Microsporum. Clinical classification depends on site involved, such as tinea pedis of the foot. Laboratory diagnosis involves direct microscopy of skin/hair/nail samples in KOH to view fungal hyphae, and culturing samples on SDA to identify dermatophytes based on morphology and microscopy of microconidia and macroconidia
Oppurtunistic mycoses by Dr. Rakesh Prasad Sah
This document discusses various opportunistic mycoses caused by fungi that are generally non-pathogenic but can cause disease in immunocompromised hosts. It describes several important opportunistic mycoses including candidiasis, aspergillosis, zygomycosis, penicilliosis, and pneumocystosis. For each, it discusses the causative fungi, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis including microscopy and culture, and treatment approaches.
Sporotrichosis
This document provides information about Sporotrichosis, including its definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. It is caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii, which can cause subcutaneous nodules and ulceration. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination, culture, histology, and serology to demonstrate the presence of the fungus. Treatment typically involves oral antifungal medication such as itraconazole or potassium iodide for at least 4-6 weeks after symptoms resolve.
Sporotrichosis
Sporotrichosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii, which most commonly affects horses. It is transmitted through contact with contaminated soil or infected animals. The disease presents as cutaneous, lymphatic, or systemic forms, causing nodules and ulcers on the skin and lymph nodes. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of samples to identify the characteristic cigar-shaped fungus. Treatment consists of antifungal medications like itraconazole administered systemically or locally at lesion sites. Control relies on proper wound treatment, hygiene, and isolation of infected animals.
Chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis
This document provides an overview of chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. Chromoblastomycosis is caused by fungi of the order Chaetothyriales and presents as chronic, progressive skin lesions on exposed areas of the body. Phaeohyphomycosis is caused by various pigmented fungi and can manifest as cutaneous, subcutaneous, or systemic infections. Both conditions are diagnosed through microscopy, culture, and histopathology of lesions. Treatment involves antifungal medications, surgery, or a combination depending on the severity and location of the infection.
4 superficial mycoses78
Superficial mycoses are fungal infections that affect the epidermal layer of the skin. Common causative agents include Malassezia furfur, Exophiala werneckii, Trichosporon beigelii, and Piedraia hortae. Dermatophytes are fungi that can infect the skin, hair, and nails by invading keratinized tissues. They include genera such as Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. Common dermatophyte infections are tinea capitis, tinea barbae, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, and tinea unguium. Laboratory diagnosis involves microscopic
Wuchereria bancrofti
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic roundworm that causes lymphatic filariasis. It lives in the lymphatic system of humans and is transmitted by mosquitoes. The adult female worms release microfilariae that circulate in the bloodstream and can be detected via blood smears between 8 PM and 4 AM. Infection leads to swelling of the limbs and genitals known as elephantiasis. Diagnosis involves blood smears to detect microfilariae while treatment consists of medications like diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin, and albendazole. Prevention focuses on mosquito control and public education.
Superficial and cutaneous mycoses
The document discusses superficial mycoses, which are fungal infections confined to the outer layer of the skin. It describes four types: pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur presenting as discolored patches; tinea nigra caused by Exophiala werneckii appearing as brown-black palmar lesions; black piedra caused by Piedraia hortae forming hard nodules on hair; and white piedra caused by Trichosporon beigelli producing a soft white growth on hair. Diagnosis involves potassium hydroxide preparation of skin or hair samples or fungal culture. Treatment consists of topical antifungals like imidazoles or
Subcutaneous mycoses
This document discusses subcutaneous mycoses, including mycetoma, sporotrichosis, and botryomycosis. It provides details on the causative agents, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment of each condition. Mycetoma is characterized by tumor-like lesions with draining sinuses and grains discharged from the skin. The causative organisms of mycetoma and actinomycetoma can be identified by examining the grains. Sporotrichosis typically presents as a chancre and lymphangitis following skin inoculation by Sporothrix schenckii. Botryomycosis is a chronic infection characterized by grape-like clusters of bacteria in subcutaneous tissue.
Superficial mycoses
it is based on Harrisons and Davidson text book of internal medicine and Anathanarayanan textbook of microbiology. many clinical pictures have been embeded for better understanding. most common conditions seen in dermatology wards.
Laboratory diagnosis of fungal diseases
1. Cutaneous mycoses are fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails caused by dermatophytes like Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Laboratory diagnosis involves microscopic examination of skin scrapings or nail clippings in KOH to identify fungal elements, as well as fungal culture.
2. Subcutaneous mycoses involve fungal infection of the subcutaneous tissue and overlying skin, such as mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, sporotrichosis, and rhinosporidiosis. They are caused by a heterogeneous group of fungi introduced through the skin via minor trauma.
Superficial Mycoses
Superficial mycoses are fungal infections that are limited to the outer layers of the skin. Common causative agents include dermatophytes, Malassezia furfur, Piedraia hortae, Trichosporon beigelii, and Exophiala werneckii. Dermatophytes such as Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton cause ringworm infections of the skin, hair, and nails. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the infected area but may include scaly patches with active, inflamed borders. Laboratory identification involves microscopic examination of specimens and fungal culture.
Systemic mycosis
This document provides an overview of systemic and opportunistic mycoses. It defines systemic mycoses as deep fungal infections caused by soil-dwelling dimorphic fungi that are accidentally inhaled. The main causative agents described are Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Coccidioides immitis, and Histoplasma capsulatum. Opportunistic mycoses occur in immunocompromised individuals and the most common causes are Candida species, Aspergillus species, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Key clinical features, laboratory diagnostics including microscopy, culture, and serology, treatment approaches, and important epidemiological details are summarized
Tinea nigra presentation
Tinea nigra is a fungal infection of the outer layer of the skin caused by Hortaea werneckii. It causes well-demarcated brown or black lesions that usually appear on the hands or feet. Examination of skin scrapings under a microscope reveals brown, septate fungal hyphae and budding yeast cells. The infection is generally treated with topical antifungal creams or ointments like ketoconazole or selenium sulfide shampoo applied twice daily for two weeks.
Systemic_MycosesM
Systemic mycoses can result from inhalation of fungal spores that then differentiate into yeast or other forms in the lungs. This document focuses on four specific systemic mycoses: Coccidioides, Histoplasma, Blastomyces, and Paracoccidioides. Coccidioides causes valley fever through inhalation of spores in dry soil in the southwestern US and Central/South America. Paracoccidioides causes a similar disease through inhalation in parts of Central/South America. Both fungi exist as molds in soil and yeasts in tissues. Symptoms range from asymptomatic to disseminated disease. Diagnosis involves microscopy, culture, and ser
Final ppt on fungal diseases
This document discusses fungal diseases of medical importance. It begins by describing the morphology and classification of fungi, including molds, yeasts, and dimorphic fungi. It then covers several types of fungal infections caused by Candida albicans, including oral and esophageal candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, and cutaneous and systemic candidiasis. It also discusses dermatophyte infections like tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea versicolor, and onychomycosis. The document concludes by covering treatment options for candidiasis and dermatophyte infections like topical and oral antifungals.
CLS Coccidioidomyces.pptx
1. Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection caused by inhalation of spores from Coccidioides immitis or C. posadasii, dimorphic fungi found in certain parts of the Americas.
2. The fungi exist in both a mold form in soil and a pathogenic yeast form that can cause respiratory infection in humans and animals. Most infections are asymptomatic, but some can spread systemically.
3. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination, culture, or serology of samples from skin, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid or other tissues showing spherules containing endospores. There is no vaccine and treatment involves antifungal drugs.
11. mycobacterium
This document discusses Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis (TB). It describes the morphology, cultural characteristics, and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis. It notes that primary TB occurs in those not previously exposed, while secondary TB is caused by reactivation of primary lesions or new infection. Signs of active TB are also outlined. Methods for laboratory diagnosis include microscopy, culture, biochemical tests, and animal inoculation. Serological tests like latex agglutination and ELISA can also be used.
Superficial mycosis-4-1.pptx
This document provides information about a student presentation on superficial mycosis. It lists the group members and discusses topics like pityriasis versicolor, tinea nigra, piedra, and dermatophytes. Pityriasis versicolor is caused by the fungus Malassezia and causes discolored patches. Tinea nigra is caused by Hortaea werneckii and results in black skin lesions from contact with soil or saltwater. Piedra causes small stone-like nodules on hair and comes in black and white varieties due to different fungal causes. Dermatophytes are fungi that can infect skin, hair, and nails through person-to-person or animal contact.
2-Superficial, Cutanous &systemic.ppt
Thank you for the detailed presentation on mycoses. I appreciate you taking the time to provide all this useful information.
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SUBCUTANEOUS AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS
This document provides information on subcutaneous mycoses. It discusses several specific subcutaneous mycoses including sporotrichosis, mycetoma, and chromoblastomycosis. For each condition, it summarizes the causative agents, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. Key points include that these fungi are directly inoculated into subcutaneous tissue through injury, they cause localized infections characterized by granuloma formation and draining sinuses, and treatment involves antifungal medications and sometimes surgery.
Subcutaneous mycoses
This document provides an overview of subcutaneous mycoses. It discusses several types including mycetoma, sporotrichosis, rhinosporidiosis, chromoblastomycosis, phaeohyphomycosis, and lobomycosis. For each condition, it summarizes the causative agent, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis including direct examination and culture techniques, and treatment approaches. The document emphasizes that these infections usually follow trauma and develop subcutaneously at the site of inoculation, presenting with characteristic clinical features like tumefaction, draining sinuses, and presence of grains or granules.
SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES
This document discusses classification of fungal diseases, including superficial and deep mycoses. Superficial mycoses are strictly skin infections, including tinea versicolor caused by Pityrosporum orbiculare. Dermatophytoses are fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails caused by dermatophytes like Trichophyton and Microsporum. Clinical classification depends on site involved, such as tinea pedis of the foot. Laboratory diagnosis involves direct microscopy of skin/hair/nail samples in KOH to view fungal hyphae, and culturing samples on SDA to identify dermatophytes based on morphology and microscopy of microconidia and macroconidia
Oppurtunistic mycoses by Dr. Rakesh Prasad Sah
This document discusses various opportunistic mycoses caused by fungi that are generally non-pathogenic but can cause disease in immunocompromised hosts. It describes several important opportunistic mycoses including candidiasis, aspergillosis, zygomycosis, penicilliosis, and pneumocystosis. For each, it discusses the causative fungi, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis including microscopy and culture, and treatment approaches.
Sporotrichosis
This document provides information about Sporotrichosis, including its definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. It is caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii, which can cause subcutaneous nodules and ulceration. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination, culture, histology, and serology to demonstrate the presence of the fungus. Treatment typically involves oral antifungal medication such as itraconazole or potassium iodide for at least 4-6 weeks after symptoms resolve.
Sporotrichosis
Sporotrichosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii, which most commonly affects horses. It is transmitted through contact with contaminated soil or infected animals. The disease presents as cutaneous, lymphatic, or systemic forms, causing nodules and ulcers on the skin and lymph nodes. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of samples to identify the characteristic cigar-shaped fungus. Treatment consists of antifungal medications like itraconazole administered systemically or locally at lesion sites. Control relies on proper wound treatment, hygiene, and isolation of infected animals.
Chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis
This document provides an overview of chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. Chromoblastomycosis is caused by fungi of the order Chaetothyriales and presents as chronic, progressive skin lesions on exposed areas of the body. Phaeohyphomycosis is caused by various pigmented fungi and can manifest as cutaneous, subcutaneous, or systemic infections. Both conditions are diagnosed through microscopy, culture, and histopathology of lesions. Treatment involves antifungal medications, surgery, or a combination depending on the severity and location of the infection.
4 superficial mycoses78
Superficial mycoses are fungal infections that affect the epidermal layer of the skin. Common causative agents include Malassezia furfur, Exophiala werneckii, Trichosporon beigelii, and Piedraia hortae. Dermatophytes are fungi that can infect the skin, hair, and nails by invading keratinized tissues. They include genera such as Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. Common dermatophyte infections are tinea capitis, tinea barbae, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, and tinea unguium. Laboratory diagnosis involves microscopic
Wuchereria bancrofti
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic roundworm that causes lymphatic filariasis. It lives in the lymphatic system of humans and is transmitted by mosquitoes. The adult female worms release microfilariae that circulate in the bloodstream and can be detected via blood smears between 8 PM and 4 AM. Infection leads to swelling of the limbs and genitals known as elephantiasis. Diagnosis involves blood smears to detect microfilariae while treatment consists of medications like diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin, and albendazole. Prevention focuses on mosquito control and public education.
Superficial and cutaneous mycoses
The document discusses superficial mycoses, which are fungal infections confined to the outer layer of the skin. It describes four types: pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur presenting as discolored patches; tinea nigra caused by Exophiala werneckii appearing as brown-black palmar lesions; black piedra caused by Piedraia hortae forming hard nodules on hair; and white piedra caused by Trichosporon beigelli producing a soft white growth on hair. Diagnosis involves potassium hydroxide preparation of skin or hair samples or fungal culture. Treatment consists of topical antifungals like imidazoles or
Subcutaneous mycoses
This document discusses subcutaneous mycoses, including mycetoma, sporotrichosis, and botryomycosis. It provides details on the causative agents, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment of each condition. Mycetoma is characterized by tumor-like lesions with draining sinuses and grains discharged from the skin. The causative organisms of mycetoma and actinomycetoma can be identified by examining the grains. Sporotrichosis typically presents as a chancre and lymphangitis following skin inoculation by Sporothrix schenckii. Botryomycosis is a chronic infection characterized by grape-like clusters of bacteria in subcutaneous tissue.
Superficial mycoses
it is based on Harrisons and Davidson text book of internal medicine and Anathanarayanan textbook of microbiology. many clinical pictures have been embeded for better understanding. most common conditions seen in dermatology wards.
Laboratory diagnosis of fungal diseases
1. Cutaneous mycoses are fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails caused by dermatophytes like Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Laboratory diagnosis involves microscopic examination of skin scrapings or nail clippings in KOH to identify fungal elements, as well as fungal culture.
2. Subcutaneous mycoses involve fungal infection of the subcutaneous tissue and overlying skin, such as mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, sporotrichosis, and rhinosporidiosis. They are caused by a heterogeneous group of fungi introduced through the skin via minor trauma.
Superficial Mycoses
Superficial mycoses are fungal infections that are limited to the outer layers of the skin. Common causative agents include dermatophytes, Malassezia furfur, Piedraia hortae, Trichosporon beigelii, and Exophiala werneckii. Dermatophytes such as Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton cause ringworm infections of the skin, hair, and nails. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the infected area but may include scaly patches with active, inflamed borders. Laboratory identification involves microscopic examination of specimens and fungal culture.
Systemic mycosis
This document provides an overview of systemic and opportunistic mycoses. It defines systemic mycoses as deep fungal infections caused by soil-dwelling dimorphic fungi that are accidentally inhaled. The main causative agents described are Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Coccidioides immitis, and Histoplasma capsulatum. Opportunistic mycoses occur in immunocompromised individuals and the most common causes are Candida species, Aspergillus species, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Key clinical features, laboratory diagnostics including microscopy, culture, and serology, treatment approaches, and important epidemiological details are summarized
Tinea nigra presentation
Tinea nigra is a fungal infection of the outer layer of the skin caused by Hortaea werneckii. It causes well-demarcated brown or black lesions that usually appear on the hands or feet. Examination of skin scrapings under a microscope reveals brown, septate fungal hyphae and budding yeast cells. The infection is generally treated with topical antifungal creams or ointments like ketoconazole or selenium sulfide shampoo applied twice daily for two weeks.
Systemic_MycosesM
Systemic mycoses can result from inhalation of fungal spores that then differentiate into yeast or other forms in the lungs. This document focuses on four specific systemic mycoses: Coccidioides, Histoplasma, Blastomyces, and Paracoccidioides. Coccidioides causes valley fever through inhalation of spores in dry soil in the southwestern US and Central/South America. Paracoccidioides causes a similar disease through inhalation in parts of Central/South America. Both fungi exist as molds in soil and yeasts in tissues. Symptoms range from asymptomatic to disseminated disease. Diagnosis involves microscopy, culture, and ser
Final ppt on fungal diseases
This document discusses fungal diseases of medical importance. It begins by describing the morphology and classification of fungi, including molds, yeasts, and dimorphic fungi. It then covers several types of fungal infections caused by Candida albicans, including oral and esophageal candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, and cutaneous and systemic candidiasis. It also discusses dermatophyte infections like tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea versicolor, and onychomycosis. The document concludes by covering treatment options for candidiasis and dermatophyte infections like topical and oral antifungals.
CLS Coccidioidomyces.pptx
1. Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection caused by inhalation of spores from Coccidioides immitis or C. posadasii, dimorphic fungi found in certain parts of the Americas.
2. The fungi exist in both a mold form in soil and a pathogenic yeast form that can cause respiratory infection in humans and animals. Most infections are asymptomatic, but some can spread systemically.
3. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination, culture, or serology of samples from skin, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid or other tissues showing spherules containing endospores. There is no vaccine and treatment involves antifungal drugs.
11. mycobacterium
This document discusses Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis (TB). It describes the morphology, cultural characteristics, and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis. It notes that primary TB occurs in those not previously exposed, while secondary TB is caused by reactivation of primary lesions or new infection. Signs of active TB are also outlined. Methods for laboratory diagnosis include microscopy, culture, biochemical tests, and animal inoculation. Serological tests like latex agglutination and ELISA can also be used.
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Superficial mycosis-4-1.pptx
This document provides information about a student presentation on superficial mycosis. It lists the group members and discusses topics like pityriasis versicolor, tinea nigra, piedra, and dermatophytes. Pityriasis versicolor is caused by the fungus Malassezia and causes discolored patches. Tinea nigra is caused by Hortaea werneckii and results in black skin lesions from contact with soil or saltwater. Piedra causes small stone-like nodules on hair and comes in black and white varieties due to different fungal causes. Dermatophytes are fungi that can infect skin, hair, and nails through person-to-person or animal contact.
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Thank you for the detailed presentation on mycoses. I appreciate you taking the time to provide all this useful information.
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This document provides an introduction to mycology and virology for public health second-year students. It defines key terms related to fungi and outlines the objectives, characteristics of fungi, medical importance of fungi, and types of fungal infections including superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, and systemic mycoses. Specific fungi that cause different types of infections are described along with their symptoms, transmission, and clinical presentation.
Fungal skin infection
Fungal skin infections are commonly affect the outer layer of the skin, nails and hair. Most of the fungi causing infections are usually dermatophytes (tinea), yeast (candida) and molds
Fungal infections part III
Dermatophytosis (Ringworm Infection), Tinea capitis, Tinea faciei, Tinea barbae, Tinea corporis, Tinea manus, Tinea cruris, Tinea pedis, Tinea unguium, Onychomycosis, DERMATOPHYTID (ID) REACTION, Tinea Incognito, DDx Of Dermatophyte Infections, DIAGNOSIS OF FUNGAL INFECTION, TREATMENT OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS
Fungal infection in hair
Fungal infections can affect hair in various ways. The document discusses three main types: Piedra, caused by fungi that form nodules on the hair shaft; White piedra caused by Trichosporon species forming white or gray nodules; and Black piedra caused by Piedra hortae forming hard black nodules. It also discusses dermatophyte infections including Tinea capitis, Favus, Kerion and Tinea barbae that are caused by fungi like Trichophyton and Microsporum. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of hair and cultures. Treatment involves antifungal medications like griseofulvin or newer azoles depending on the specific
11. MICROORGANISMS SPECIES, RELATED DISEASES AND THEIR EPIDEMIOLOGY - FUNGI_0...
There are over 50,000 fungal species but only around 150 cause human disease. Fungal infections (mycoses) are generally chronic and opportunistic. Mycoses can be superficial, affecting only the skin, hair and nails. Or they can be subcutaneous beneath the skin or systemic, spreading throughout the body. Common superficial fungi include dermatophytes that cause ringworm (tinea) and Malassezia furfur that causes pityriasis versicolor. Systemic fungi such as Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Histoplasma capsulatum can cause infections of the lungs, brain or other organs, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
Mycology
1. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that do not contain chlorophyll and have cell walls. They can grow as filaments called hyphae and reproduce through spores.
2. Around 300 fungal species are known to be pathogenic to humans, causing infections of the skin, nails, mucous membranes, and various internal organs depending on factors like host immunity.
3. Common pathogenic fungi include Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and dermatophytes that cause superficial infections. Opportunistic fungi can cause serious disease in immunocompromised individuals.
100004568.ppt
Cutaneous fungal infections can be caused by dermatophytes, which include various fungi in the genera Microsporum, Epidermophyton, and Trichophyton. Common infections include ringworm (dermatophytosis) of the skin, hair, and nails. Major symptoms and locations of ringworm include athlete's foot (tinea pedis) between the toes, jock itch (tinea cruris) in the groin area, and scalp ringworm (tinea capitis). Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of skin or nail samples in potassium hydroxide to view fungal hyphae as well as culturing samples on agar plates.
Fungal infections
This presentation provides an overview of fungal infections, including their cell structure, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses several common fungal infections in depth. Major topics covered include superficial and subcutaneous fungal infections caused by dermatophytes, dimorphic fungi that cause endemic mycoses, opportunistic fungi that can cause disease in immunocompromised hosts, and miscellaneous opportunistic fungi. Treatment involves antifungal drugs like amphotericin B and azoles. Prevention focuses on reducing exposure to fungal spores through masks, clothing, and hygiene practices.
Pathology of fungal infection
This document summarizes various fungal infections. It describes that most fungal infections are mild and involve superficial areas like skin, hair, and nails. These include pityriasis versicolor, tinea infections like corporis, cruris, pedis, capitis and barbae, onychomycosis, tinea nigra, and piedra. Some deeper infections in subcutaneous tissues are also described such as chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, and sporotrichosis. Systemic fungal infections that spread throughout the body are also briefly mentioned. Key identifying features, causative organisms and histopathological findings of major fungal infections are provided.
Microsporum fungi.
Microsporum a pathogenic fungi Which comes under dermatophytes and cause ringworm infection and fungal infection on skin.
All the Introduction, morphological characteristics, pathogenesis, lab diagnosis and treatment given here.
If you want better understanding go on to mine YouTube channel linked below:
https://youtu.be/2wbsB8jxv6o
There you can find other more interesting topics related to microbiology.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE by DR. ROOPAM JAIN
This document provides an overview of various infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It discusses staphylococcal infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including skin infections, respiratory infections, bone infections, and more. It also covers streptococcal infections caused by different streptococcal species, clostridial diseases including gas gangrene and tetanus, mycotic diseases such as mycetoma and candidiasis, and selected viral diseases including viral hemorrhagic fevers, influenza, dengue fever, chikungunya, and bird flu.
COMMON PATHOGENIC FUNGI OF SKIN INFECTION ppt
Fungal infection of the skin, most common on the exposed surfaces of the body, namely the face, arms and shoulders.
Most common fungal diseases ; Ringworm. A common fungal skin infection that often looks like a circular rash.
Mycosis-fungal diseases and basic information
Mycosis is a fungal infection that can present as superficial, subcutaneous, or systemic. Superficial mycoses like tinea versicolor and piedra involve the skin surface and are acquired through contact. Common dermatophytes that cause cutaneous infections like tinea corporis are Trycophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of skin or nail samples in potassium hydroxide to identify fungal elements. Culture allows identification of the infecting species. Treatment involves topical or oral antifungal agents.
dermatophytes infections
This document provides information about diagnosing dermatophyte infections through microscopic examination and fungal culture. It discusses the etiologic agents that cause infections, including genera of dermatophytes that infect keratinized tissues. Clinical manifestations of infections are described, such as tinea pedis, corporis, and unguium. Methods for specimen collection and slide preparation for direct microscopic examination with potassium hydroxide are outlined.
Similar to Superficial Mycoses Disease (20)
Introduction to Myco and viro.pptx viruses and microb
Introduction to Myco and viro.pptx viruses and microb
11. MICROORGANISMS SPECIES, RELATED DISEASES AND THEIR EPIDEMIOLOGY - FUNGI_0...
11. MICROORGANISMS SPECIES, RELATED DISEASES AND THEIR EPIDEMIOLOGY - FUNGI_0...
Recently uploaded
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingCompexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Recently uploaded (20)
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Superficial Mycoses Disease
- 1. SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES M Umair Mufakir (MSc Zoology UST Bannu) University of Science andTechnology Bannu Fung al Dis eas e
- 2. •Mycology: Mycology is the study of fungi •Protista include Classification On the basis of spore formation (1) Ascomycota (2) Basidiomycota (3) Duetromycota (4) Zygomycota Harmfull and Benificial Kingdom Fungi
- 3. Mycoses MYCOSES: fungal disease == Mycoses are classified into two groups (1)Superficial Mycoses (2)Cutaneouse mycoses Superficial Mycoses SUPERFICIAL: Occure on surface means that skin also called cutanaus Superficial Mycoses Disease Direct demage fungi directly attack > animal by colonizing + Destroyng tissue
- 4. TINEA VERSICOLOR • Also called pityriasis versicolor • a person can get a skin disease called tinea versicolor. • It is not harmful, but many people dislike the way it discolors their skin. • TineaVersicolor is a common skin infection caused by fungus Malassezia. • skin infection • loss of skin pigmentation. • Malassezia species. • Malassezia species are normal flora of the skin and can be cultured from both normal and affected skin. • Malassezia spp. are commonly found in the stratum corneum of normal skin mostly around lipophilic zones like upper trunk neck
- 5. • Pigmentation • Hypopigment ( malanocyt Secretion) • Hyperpigment • SM invole only in layer of skin
- 6. Tinea Nigra • Tinea nigra is an infection that attacks the skin’s uppermost layers. • It’s caused by a fungus called Hortaea werneckii. • The fungus has also gone by the names of Phaeoannellomyces werneckii, Exophiala werneckii,and Cladosporium werneckii. • This fungus is found in the soil, sewage, and decomposing vegetation of tropical • Tinea nigra is rare in the United States, • The fungus causes painless brown or black patches to grow on palms and feet. • Tinea nigra stems from infection with the fungus Hortaea werneckii. • The patch is generally flat, with defined borders. • The darkest area of the patch is at the edges. Shading gets lighter as it extends inward. This darker outside area may look like a halo. • The lesion is slow-growing and usually appears on only one hand or foot.
- 8. Piedra • Piedra, which means "stone" in Spanish, is an asymptomatic superficial fungal infection of the hair shaft. In 1865, Beigel first described piedra in The Human Hair: Its Structure, Growth, Diseases, andTheirTreatment; although, he may have been describing Aspergillus infection • Characterized by Nodule formation on hair ,shaft which may be either black or white in color •Two types • White Piedra and Black Piedra In 1911, Horta classified piedra into two types. The first is black piedra, White Piedra White piedra can occur in any age group and in both sexes white piedra is a relatively harmless condition, without treatment The main symptom of white piedra is the formation of clusters of tiny nodules along the hair shafts.
- 9. • White piedra can occur in any age group and in both sexes • White piedra may develop on any area of hair on the body, such as: • scalp hair • eyebrows and eyelashes • beard • mustache • underarm hair • pubic hair
- 10. • Black Piedra Piedra is a superficial fungal infection of hair shafts, which presents with small nodules stuck-on to the shaft Black piedra, also known as trichosporosis or nodular trichomycosis
- 11. Dermatophyte (Cutanous) • These fungi can cause superficial infections of the skin, hair, and nails • Dermatophytes are spread by direct contact from other people • Parasitic fungal disease that secret extracellular enzyme that breackdown karatin infection the slkin • E,g jock itch, athlets • Subgroups • Trichophyton • Microsporum • Epidermophyton ETHIOLOGY
- 12. • Trichophyton: Infect skin ,nail, hair
- 13. • Microsporum: infect skin ,hair but not invole in nail
- 14. • Epidermophyton: infect only skin, nail, hair shaft and follicles
- 15. • ECOLOGICAL LOCATION • Anthropophilic (Human) • T. rubrum (most common in New Zealand) • T. interdigitale • T. tonsurans (very common in the USA) • M. audouinii • T. violaceum • M. ferrugineum • T. schoenleinii • T. megninii • T. soudanense • T. yaoundei
- 16. Zoophilic (aniam+ birds) • M. canis (originating from cats and dogs) • T. equinum (originating from horses) • T. erinacei (originating from hedgehogs and other animals) • T. verrucosum (originating from cattle) • M. nanum (originating from pigs) • M. distortum (a variant of M. canis) Geophilic (soil) • Nannizzia gypsea • M. fulvum.
- 17. THE END For more details contact +923360532009