TOPIC - HERBAL USE IN AYURVEDIC PHARMACY Subject pharmacognosy BIOLOGY PHARMACY PHARMACOGNOSY SUSHANT OJHA

1. NAME - SUSHANT OJHA
SUBJECT- PHARMACOGNOSY
TOPIC - HERBAL USE IN AYURVEDIC PHARMACY

2. CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. AYURVEDIC HISTORY
3. HERBAL USE IN PHARMACY
4. COMMON AYURVEDIC HERBS
5. SELECTION OF DRUGS
6. DOSAGE & PREPRATION
7. HEALTH BENEFITS
8. DOSAGE & TREATMENT
9. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN THE ADVANCEMENT
10. CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION Ayurveda is one of the traditional medicinal systems
of Indian.
Ayurveda involves the use of natural elements to
eliminate the root cause of the disease by restoring
balance.
The subcontinent of India is well-known to be one of
the major biodiversity centers with about 45,000
plant species. In India, about 15,000 medicinal plants
have been recorded, in which the communities used
7,000-7,500 plants for curing different diseases.

4. AYURVEDIC HISTORY Ayurvedic system of medicine is accepted as the oldest
written medical system.
Ayurveda concepts were nurtured between 2500 and
500 B.C. in India.
The Ayurveda is said to be an Upaveda (part) of
Atharva Veda. Charaka Samhita (1900 B.C.) is the first
recorded book with the concept of practice of
Ayurveda.
This describes 341 plants and plant products used in
medicine. Sushruta Samhita (600 B.C.) was the next
ayurvedic literature that has special emphasis on
surgery. It described 395 medicinal plants, 57 drugs of
animal origin, 4 minerals and metals as medicine..

5. HERBAL USE IN PHARMACY
Due to the scientific advancement today, more and more pharmacologically active ingredients
of the Ayurvedic medicines as well as their usefulness in drug therapy have been identified.
, it is the phytochemical constituent in the herbals which lead to the desired healing effect,
such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids, alkenyl phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, phorbol esters and
sesquiterpenes lactones.
A single herb may even contain more than one of the aforementioned phytochemical
constituents, which works synergistically with each other in producing pharmacological action.
The objectives of the investigation in the fundamental research are categorized into the
human body (Purusha), the disease (Vyadhi), the medicine (Aushadha), and the right time
for action (Kriyakala)

6. Common Āyurvedic Herbs
Herbs are a vital component in the treatment
and healing process of Āyurveda. The ancient
texts have detailed information on their use and
administration. The information below is
supplied for general knowledge; please consult
a trained and certified Ayurvedic practitioner
before any personal use or administration.
V=Vāta P=Pitta K=Kapha

9. SELECTION OF DRUGS
– • Based upon 1. Rasa (Taste), 2. Virya (Potency) 3. Vipaka (Taste after digestion)
Rasa (Taste),
• Rasa indicates the composition, properties and and probable action of the drugs .
There are six tastes. Each taste has one or more mahabuthas (elements) and each taste has its own influence
on doshas.• Eg Sweet ( earth and water)
, influences on doshas – Kapha increases, vata and pitta deceases and promote antibiotic activities
• Sour - (Water and fire) – Pitta increases – stimulates enzymes
• Saline- (Fire and earth)- Pitta increases
• Bitter - (Air and fire) – Pitta increases
• Pungent- (Air and ether)- Kapha and pitta decreases
• Astringent- (Air and earth)- Pitta decreases and vatta increases

10. VIRYA
• On the basis of Virya, the drugs are classified into hot and cold drugs
• Hot (Ushna) drugs – Aggravates pitta and pacifies vata and kapha, garlic, drumstick • Cold (Sita) drugs –
Aggravates kapha and vatta and pacifies pitta , Jeera, amla
Vipaka
• Food and medicine undergoes various changes during digestion (metabolism). The taste after digestion is
known as vipaka. The three tastes described under vipaka, sweet, sour and pungent.
• Sweet – Aggravates kapha and alleviates pitta and vatha
• Sour – Aggravates pitha and alleviates kapha and vatha
• Pungent – Aggravates vatha and alleviates kapha

11. Dosage and Preparation
There are no universal guidelines directing the appropriate use of Ayurvedic herbs.
Generally speaking, you would rely upon the experience of an Ayurvedic practitioner,
herbalist, or naturopathic doctor. Even so, practices can vary from one practitioner to
the next. Like all folk medicines, Ayurvedic practices are handed down from one
generation to the next and tend to evolve regionally and idiosyncratically.
Some Ayurvedic herbs are made into teas or tonics. Others are formulated in capsules,
tablets, and oral tinctures. Others still are infused into ointments and salves for topical
use.
Stop treatment and call your doctor if you experience any usual side effects after
taking an Ayurvedic herb. If your symptoms are severe, be sure to bring the herbs with
you to your doctor or the emergency room.

12. Health Benefits
More than 600 herbal formulas and 250 single plant remedies are included in the pharmacy of
Ayurvedic treatments.
These remedies are typically grouped into categories according to their health effects, such as
pain relief or increased vitality.
Based on the bulk of clinical research, herbs that warrant serious consideration:
Triphala
Triphala is a botanical formula that contains three different Ayurvedic herbs (amla,
myrobalan, and belleric myrobalan). Test tube studies have suggested that triphala may exert
antioxidant effects, meaning that they can neutralize free radicals that cause long-term harm
to cells. By doing so, triphala is believed to prevent or delay many aging-related diseases from
heart disease to cancer.

13. Diagnosis Treatment
• In Ayurveda diagnosis is always
done of the patient as whole.
• Diagnosis is carried out to find
out which dosha is aggravated. For
his purpose , nadi (Pulse),tongue ,
skin, physical features, stool, urine
etc are examined.
• The importance of treatment
is to restore the balance and
harmony of doshas with proper
diet and drugs

14. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN THE ADVANCEMENT
1 .Validation of Ayurvedic drugs with reverse pharmacology
2.Evidence-based benefits of traditional approaches
3.ncouragement of interdisciplinary research
4.Combination of Ayurveda and Western medicine
5.Development of Ayurvedic pharma sector

15. CONCLUSION
Ayurveda has evolved as a holistic system having an understanding of physiology enabling it to
maintain and restore health
allopathy whose analytic understanding of physiology leads mainly to suppression of symptoms
with many side effects. Similarly, there is a great contribution of allopathy in the fields of
emergency medicine, diagnostic techniques, and surgery where the existing practice of Ayurveda
cannot compete.
Ayurveda requires more researches in the areas of fundamental principles and diagnostic tools in
place of drug research. In the present scenario, the research methodology of Ayurveda is not good
enough, which needs further advancements in the development and promotion of Ayurveda.