A STUDY ON NDIAN POWER SECTOR WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON POWER TRANSFORMERS & SOLAR POWER PLANTS 2014

1. A STUDY ON
INDIAN POWER SECTOR WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON
POWER TRANSFORMERS
& SOLAR POWER PLANTS
Under the guidance of
Dr. T. NAMBIRAJAN,
Professor
By
LIBIN PAUL
Reg No. 14397050
at
TRANSFORMERSAND ELECTRICALS KERALA LIMITED,
Angamaly

2. COMPANY PROFILE
 Located in Angamaly near Kochi, Kerala, TELK (Transformers and Electricals Kerala
Limited) has been instrumental in producing and setting up High Voltage equipment
was established on 1963. Started of as a technical and financial
collaboration between Govt. of Kerala and Hitachi of Japan, now it is a JV between
Govt. of Kerala and NTPC Limited, TELK manufactures Extra High Voltage Power
Transformers (unto 315 MVA, 420 kV) and other equipment's (CT, PT, Bushings) up
to 420 kV class .

3. Objective of Study
 To learn about the Indian Power Sector.
 To analyze the trends in Power Transformers in India.
 To study about Solar Power Plants Nationally.

4. Methodology
Collection of Data
 Secondary source of data collection has been adopted. Sources of data have
been the companies’ websites and different commercial & ministry
websites.

5. Power Sector in India
Power or electricity is one of the most critical components of infrastructure affecting
economic growth and well-being of nations. The existence and development of adequate
infrastructure is essential for sustained growth of the Indian economy.
Figure 1 Power sector in India

6. Market Size Of Indian Power Sector
 The Indian power sector is undergoing a significant change that is redefining the
industry outlook. Sustained economic growth continues to drive power demand in
India. The Government of India’s focus to attain ‘Power For All’ has accelerated
capacity addition in the country.
Figure 2 Market size of generation of machinery in India

7. Power Generation has Grown Rapidly Over the
Years
 •Electricity production in India stood at 1,048.7 TWh in FY15, a 8.4 per cent growth over
the previous fiscal
 •Over FY10–15, electricity production expanded at a CAGR of 6.3 per cent
Figure 3 Electricity production in India

8. Sources Of Power With Shares In Total Installed
Capacity
 As of 2015, total thermal installed capacity stood at 189.3 GW, while hydro and renewable energy
installed capacity totalled 41.6 GW and 35.8 GW, respectively.
 At 5.8 GW, nuclear energy capacity had increased considerably which otherwise remained the same
from 2010 - 14
 For the 12th Five-Year Plan, a total of 88.5 GW of power capacity addition is targeted; of which, 72.3
GW constitutes thermal power, 10.8GW hydro power and 5.3 GW nuclear power

9. Transformer Industry
 A transformer is a static machine used for transforming voltage level from one
circuit to another circuit without changing frequency.
Power Transformer Distribution Transformer Instrument Transformer
Rating Above 1 MVA, 33 kV Up to 1 MVA, 11 kV 440 Volts to 1200 kV
Application
Generation, Transmission,
Sub-transmission and
Distribution
Distribution Measuring & Protection
Types Oil filled & Dry Type Oil filled & Dry type Oil filled & Dry type
Table 1 Types of Transformer

10. Indian Transformer Industry
 The transformer industry started in India in 1950.
 The power generating capacity in India increased almost by 50 times during the past
50 years. In 1950 the generating capacity was nearly 1800 MW which was increased to
about 90000 MW.
 The Indian transformer industry was dominated by BHEL with 25% of market share and
other competitors are Crompton Greaves Ltd. (CGL), Alston, ABB (Asia Brown Boveri).

11. Demand for power sector
 A rapid growth in the power sector in the country and all over the world is expected
in the next years. Addition of 55,000 MW was carried out during the 11th five-year
plan (2007-12). Based on projections released by planning commission, India is
expected to add 88,425 MW of new generation capacity during 12th five year plan
(2012-17). 38,000 have been added in the first two years (2012-14) of 12th five year
plan.

12. Demand Segments
15%
48%
2%
15%
20%
Generator
Transformer
Transformatio
n Capacity
Industrial
Demand
Transformer Demand Segment 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 TOTAL
GT Capacity (MVA) 20,497 19,011 19,974 21,090 16,265 96,837
Transformation Capacity (MVA) 67,372 62,488 65,654 69,321 53,462 318,297
Industry Installations (MVA) 3,369 3,124 3,283 3,466 2,673 15,915
Export Demand (MVA) 18,000 21,420 25,490 30,333 36,096 131,339
Replacement Demand (MVA) 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 100,000
Total (MVA) 129,238 126,043 134,401 144,210 128,496 662,388

13. Competitor Analysis
 BHEL
 Siemens India Limited
 ABB Limited
 Crompton Greaves Limited
 Alstom (Areva) T&D India Ltd
 Bharat Bijlee
 Transformers & Rectifiers
 Vijai Electricals
 EMCO
 Voltamp

14. Key Challenges
 One of the major concerns for the industry is the growing imports from China and South
Korea. As per estimates, the Chinese manufacturers’ share in Indian electrical equipment
imports has increased. The absence of a level playing field for the domestic industry poses a
major threat to local manufacturers.
 Inadequate testing facilities, especially for high voltage electrical equipment
 Dependence of some sub-sectors on import of critical inputs,
 Cold Rolled Grain Oriented laminated Silicon Steel (CRGO), which is one of the major raw
materials for transformers, is not being manufactured in India. Long overdue demand of
transformer Industry to government is to pursue companies like SAIL or Tata to set up
manufacturing plant in India which would save considerable FOREX outflow.

15. Key Challenges
 Delay in release of payments by power utilities adversely effects top line & bottom line
of the industry.
 Low investment in R&D and no structured long-term approach for basic research.
 Lack of standardization of product specification, design parameters and ratings for
generation and distribution equipment across different utilities.
 Bouncing of orders by utilities, because of factors beyond their control such as govt.
approvals, release of funds etc.
 Outdated tendering procedures and contract awarding based on L1 bidder by utilities.
 Unavailability and cost of power project funding.

16. SOLAR ENERGY IN INDIA
 India has an estimated solar power potential of around 1,00,000 MW out of which the
total installed capacity as of 31st March 2014 was 2,647 MW.As of March 2014, India’s
solar energy installed capacity was majorly spread across 8 states Rajasthan, Gujarat,
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Uttar
Pradesh.

17. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (Jnnsm)
 The mission will be carried out in three phases and aims to do the following: to create
a policy framework for deployment of 20,000 MW by 2022; to add 1,000 MW of grid
solar power by 2013, and another 3,000 MW by 2017. The target for 2017 may be
higher based on the availability of international finance and technology transfer.
S. No. Application segment
Target for Phase I
(2010-13)
Target for Phase 2
(2013-17)
Target for Phase 3
(2017-22)
1. Solar collectors 7 million sq meters
15 million sq
meters
20 million sq
meters
2.
Off grid solar
applications
200 MW 1000 MW 2000 MW
3.
Utility grid power,
including roof top
1,000-2000 MW 4000-10,000 MW 20000 MW
Table Phases of JNNSM

18. Technology For Solar Power Plants
Solar power generation technologies can be broadly classified into two broad
Categories:
 Solar Photovoltaic Technologies

19. Technology For Solar Power Plants
 Solar Thermal Power Plants

20. Future of solar power in India
Projected year-on-year solar PV capacity additions in India, China and
the US till 2035

21. Findings
 It is estimated that around 15 per cent of India’s production of power
transformers is destined for international markets.
 Indian-made transformers are finding their way in developed markets like USA,
UK, Canada, South Africa etc.
 The Indian transformer industry is gradually gaining prominence in developed
markets on the basis of its quality and pricing.
 The domestic transformer industry has the potential of becoming the
manufacturing or sourcing hub for the supply of transformers in foreign
markets.

22. Findings
 Despite this growth in supply, the country is still facing major challenges in providing
electricity access to all the households and also improving reliability and quality of
power supply.
 Its power systems are struggling to overcome power shortages and poor power
quality.
 Shortages are exacerbated by inefficiencies in power generation, distribution and
end-use systems.
 The country added more than 1 GW of solar energy to its grid last year, nearly
doubling the country’s cumulative solar capacity to 2.6 GW as of the end of March
2014.

23. Suggestions
 There is a need for a consistent dialogue between transmission and distribution service
providers and utilities
 The key areas that need attention include more focus on domestic manufacturing and
safeguarding the industry against cheap imported equipment from non-market economy.
 Utilities should have a close look at Technical Standards of service providers and follow a
process of Standard Bidding documents across all States.
 There is an immediate need for change in planning strategies from the traditional
approach of increasing generation to meet in disciplined consumption to need, resource
and conservation based approach for economic and environmental benefits.

24. Suggestions
 The right policy settings and incentive structures must be adopted before solar
investment will really take off in India.
 Diverse financial policies, some currently adopted by the central government and many
that have proved successful on the state level or internationally, can help fuel India’s
solar market.
 The company may consider researching about various new technologies utilized at
global level to gain a competitive advantage.
 Government schemes should be utilized to make use of the subsidy in solar energy.

25. Thank You
All we need is Sustainable Development