This document discusses a study of pipe systems including air conditioning, plumbing, drainage, electrical, and fire alarm works at a construction site. It was submitted by Irfan Masroor Alam in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering at Sharda University. The document outlines the project and includes figures and descriptions of various pipe types, schematic diagrams of water supply and drainage layouts, and discussions of safety training procedures for construction projects.

1. Study of the pipe line system which consist of Air conditioning,
Plumbing and drainages electrical and Fire alarm works in an
construction site.
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
(Mechanical Engineering)
BATCHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
Presented to:
Mr Rajesh M
Assistant Professor
Presented By:
IRFAN MASROOR ALAM
ROLL NO. 120106803
Department of Mechanical & Automobile Engineering
Sharda University, Greater Noida

2. OUTLINE
1.INTRODUCTION
• Company Profile
•Fig.3. Storeroom visit with Mr. suresh
•Fig.4. Main Office
2. SAFETY CLASS
(A) Why safety is required in industries
(B) Always think safety and work safely
(C) Personal Protective Equipment (PPT)
(D) What do accidents cost your company
(E) Be ready when accidents happen
(F) Safety training steps
3. HOW A PROJECT/TENDER A COMPANY CAN TAKE FROM
GOVERNMENT
4. PVC PIPES
(A) Fig.5. Different types of elbows
(B) fig.6. Hot and Cold PVC Pipes
5. ESTIMATING AND COSTING THE PROJECT
6. DESIGN OF PROJECT AND TOOLS USED
(A) Fig.7. Water Supply Schematic Diagram
(B) Fig.8. First Floor Drainage layout
(C) Fig.9. Typical Floor Water Supply Layout (1st to 5th )
7. CONCLUSION

3. Sayed Khadim Al Durazi And sons.Group B.S.C (Bahrain)

4. COMPANY PROFILE
• The Company started its activity as a small “Brick Factory”, founded by the
current Chairman, Mr. Sayed Kadhem Mohsin Al Durazi. It was in 1963 that
he owned two trucks and started the transporting business. In 1970, the
fleet was made bigger by inducting 3 more trucks. In 1972, he added a few
heavy machines into the fleet.SKD Group has built various business units
during the past fifty years, which include roads infrastructures, building
materials production, ready-mix concrete, plastic pipes, concrete blocks,
heavy duty machines sales agent, spares part agent, machines
maintenance and many more.Our projects and products carried out by our
group are reachable across many markets and countries. SKD considered
as one of the leader companies in the Kingdom of Bahrain and very well
known across the region...

6. GROUP COMPANIES
• SK- Contracting
• SK-Commercial
• SK-Electrical
• Grand Tiger Mechanical and Industrial
• Universal Foundations
• Universal Ready Mix Concrete
• Universal Block Factory
• Universal Agriculture
• Single Point Aluminium
• Single Point Carpentryy

7. S K COMMERCIAL
• SK-Commercial, is one of the leading heavy duty machines sales agent,
spares part agent and maintenance in the region. Formally, we are agent
for Haulotte, Doosan, Soosan, Daewoo, Shanghai Shangli heavy industries
and such other heavy machine manufacturing giants.
Our office, pick-up store and the warehouse are all located in the same
site. Furthermore, we have the largest selection of heavy duty spare parts
in the island, consisting of more than 100,000 items of heavy duty
engines, gaskets, carriages, electrical, and starter parts. Moreover, the
garage and maintenance department is also located in the same site. This
means whatever you need is under one roof. Taking into account these
advantages, we could offer fast and efficient services to our clients all over
the region.Our customers are ranging from small and private companies
and individuals till large national and international spare parts and repair
chains. Our customers are always satisfied with the competitive price we
are offering, combined with the instantaneous delivery.

8. Grand Tiger for Mechanical And Industrial
• Grand Tiger for Mechanical and Industrial is the first company on the
Island to be provided with an industrial license certificate for
manufacturing truck, trailer and tanker bodies (License No.: 3198/01). Our
resources include a fully equipped prefabrication workshop, modern fleet
of construction equipment, experienced team of qualified engineers, first
class designers, certified quality control, quality assurance and welding
inspection/fabrication-related professionals, and expert welders.
Furthermore, we have Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE)
Department, which is committed to provide healthy and safe working
conditions for all its employees and to protect the environment by
preventing pollution and wastage. The standards and objectives are
enthusiastically reviewed and improved to reach the highest standards in
this field.
Beside the heavy attachments, we are equipped to carry out the following
activities

9. Fig.3. Storeroom visit with Mr. Suresh
Fig.4. Main Office

10. Single Point Aluminium
• Single point Aluminium is recognised for its price competitiveness,
fineness products, extensive range of accessories, excellent customer
services, and on-time delivery for both retail and wholesale, private and
commercial Projects. Single point Aluminium was, in the past few years,
operating under the name of SK-Contracting and specialising in the
Commercial Projects. Gradually, it has strengthens its position in the
sector by diversifying its specialised products. In 2012, this division has
been demerged from the SK-Contracting and known as “Single Point
Aluminium”. Single point Aluminium has an extraordinary team to offer
expertise advice on the appropriate tailor-made products to outfit your
space requirement, individual desires and budget. We manufacture an
extensive range of aluminium-based household products from exterior
fencing to Interior Kitchens, a range of window and door products which
are innovative and stylish, etc. Our focus now is to grow to be a global
Aluminium solutions’ competitor with unique and innovative products and
accessories.

12. Single Point Carpentry
• Single Point Carpentry manufactures a wide range of products such as
Bespoke Kitchens, Interiors, Bedrooms, Furniture, Doors, Frames and
whatsoever wood-made products you require.
Single Point Carpentry designers and experts consults our customers with
the options those could meet both their desires and budgets. The options
could be regarding the material used, such as: ash, birch, cherry, elm,
ebony, kingwood, oak, maple, mahony, rosewood, satinwood, walnut, etc.,
the designs and dimensions options, or the way it is produced, i.e.
handmade or by machinery. Single Point Carpentry designers and experts
convert the scratch to a piece of art and the raw wood to the desired
furniture or decoration that fills you place with a unique character.
In Single Point Carpentry we accept all kind of projects; from multi-thousands
houses carpentry projects till a single furniture piece or even a
gift item

13. SAFETY CLASS
• WHY SAFETY IS REQUIRED IN INDUSTRIES?
• Safety is required to avoid accidents, better quality control, zero defects,
protection human being safety in industry is necessary.
•
• ALWAYS THINK ‘SAFETY AND WORK SAFETY’?
• ‘Remember safety starts with me’, hammer, saw screw driver, piler, use
the right tools, do not improvised because if you misuse the device it
might only lead to your own demise.
• When in doubt, ask the boss, do not assume wrongly. ‘Remember safety
starts with me’.
• If you are the boss, have a heart, try to understand, even with light
deadline, please relax your man or workers or employees.
• Safety googles, gloves, helmat and boots always remember to wear your
safety suit.
• If you really can’t manage it alone go ask a buddy lah, don’t break a bone,
always ‘remember safety starts with me’.

14. WHAT IS PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPT)?
• Personal Protective Equipment is used to reduce the employee exploser ,
do the hazards, when engineering and administrative control are not
visible or effective in reducing these exposer to exceptable levels.
• Helmats - helmats are used to protect head from accidents.
• Ear plugs – ear plugs protect ear from unwanted sound.
• Google – googles protects eyes erom heat and sparks produced while
welding for welders.
• Gloves / welding canvas – it is used to protect from damage or burn.
• Safety shoe – it is used to protect foot from damage.
• Fireproof suit – it is used to protect body from fire.

15. WHAT DO ACCIDENTS COST YOUR COMPANY?
• 1. Time lost from work by injured employees.
• 2. Lost time by fellow employees.
• 3. Damage to tools and equipment.
• 4. Time damaged equip is out of service.
• 5. Training costs for new/replacement workers.
• 6. Loss of production for remainder of the day.
• 7. Damage from accidents, fire, water, chemical, explosives, etc.
• 8. Failure to fill orders/meet deadlines.
• 9. Other miscellaneous costs over 1000 other items may impact the
employer.
• 10. Others like reputation of the company.

16. SAFETY TRAINING STEPS:-
• PREPRATION:-
• Choose a goal location to train.
• Talk about what is going to be tought.
• Explain expectations and consequences.
• Explain why safe behavior is important.
• PRESENTATION:-
• Describe safety procedure/practice.
• Demonstrate safely procedure/practice, one step at a time.
• Repeat steps if necessary and be patient.
• Involvement:-
• Ask workers to explain and perform procedure.
• Correct any errors immediately: address performance, not person.
• Practice until you and worker are confident.
• Follow –up:-
• Observe worker performing safety procedure/practice on the job.
• Ask for and give feedback: encourage questions.
• Evaluate the training: if you catch them doing it right…its been effective.

17. HOW A PROJECT/TENDER GIVEN TO A COMPANY BY
GOVERNMENT?
• 1. As we know about the tender from news paper, news or may be
through mail or quotation reference. For example, we read from news
paper about tender which proposed five storey residences building at
HIDD, air conditioning, plumbing and drainage, electrical and fire alarm
works.
• 2. Enquiring about the tender, how small or big it is, we should have that
much of potential or not to complete this job with the given specific
period or time.
• 3. Own cost – which means prepare overview design not the exact one,
but it shows the desired work.
• 4. Quotation means estimate the cost of a job, the overall process
schedule and also the duration, i.e. how much time it will take to complete
it.

18. PVC PIPES
• PVC stand for PolyVinyl Chloride. This type of pipe has a wide variety of
plumbing uses from drainage pipe to water mains. It is most commonly
used for irrigation piping, home, and building supply piping. PVC is also
very common in pool and spa systems. PVC is often white but it can also
come in a wide variety of colors. You can often tell what it is used for by
the colors and marking on the pipe. For example purple pipe with black
lettering is used for reclaimed water. PVC also comes in a variety of
thicknesses called schedules. Schedules 40 being the most common for
water distribution.
• PVC pipe should always be clearly labeled if it is used for both potable
(drinkable) and non potable water in the same building.
• Copper Pipe
• This type of pipe is mostly used for hot and cold water distribution.
Copper piping works in both underground and aboveground applications,
but copper can be affected by some soils and should be sleeved if used
underground. Due to the price of copper and longer labor needed to
install many builders are switching to alternative water distributions piping
like PEX. Copper comes in different thicknesses which are labeled M, L,
and K. M is the thinnest grade of copper. Copper is connected by soldering
pipe into the fittings

19. PVC for Drain Pipe
PVC sewer pipe and fittings are used just like ABS pipe. If PVC is used for a
drain it must be a PVC pipe that is made for use as a drain pipe, meaning it
will have the proper sweeps for drainage. These are quite different from the
sharp elbows and tee’s used for PVC water pipe. PVC drain pipe is lighter and
often thinner material than that of ABS and PVC used for water.
Galvanized Pipe
Galvanized pipe is a zinc coated steel or iron pipe. This galvanized coating
keeps the water from eating up the pipe. Because of the amount of work
that goes into cutting, threading, and installing galvanized pipe it is not used
in homes very often any more. Galvanized pipe is still considered a safe
transport for drinking water and is still seen in larger commercial applications
for water distribution. If you have a pre 1970s house you could still have
galvanized water lines in your house if it has not been re-piped.
Polyethylene Gas Pipe
Poly pipe is perfect for underground gas line installations because it is highly
resistant to harsh corrosive environments. This type of pipe comes in very
long rolls and in many sizes that can meet almost any gas pipe need. Poly
pipe is run underground and has metal transition fittings that bring it up
above the ground level.

20. Fig.5. Different types of Pipes
Fig.6. Hot and Cold PVC pipes

21. FIG.1.WATER SUPPLY SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

22. FIG.2.FIRST FLOOR DRAINAGE LAYOUT

23. FIG.3.TYPICAL FLOOR WATER SUPPLY LAYOUT (1st to 5th)

24. CONCLUSION
• The main purpose of this project (pipe line system consist of Air
Conditioning, Plumbing and Drainage, Electrical and Fire Alarm work) is to
provide the services and materials used as per mention in estimating and
costing sheet. And also to follow the procedure, appropriate software and
hardware tools, machinery used, design process, proper inspection and
maintenance, and results, etc should be in proper order sequence towards
achieving the target with the help of qualified engineers, supervisors,
carpenter, steel fixer, masons, pipe fitters and the most important skilled
labor.

25. QUESTIONS PLEASE?
THANK YOU