Stress is the body's reaction to circumstances that frighten, confuse, endanger or irritate us. Job stress arises from the interaction between people and their jobs, characterized by changes that cause abnormal functioning. Stress can be neutral, distressing if caused by undesirable outcomes, or eustress if from desirable outcomes. Stress results from constraints that prevent desires and demands involving loss of something desired. For stress to occur, there must be uncertainty over outcomes and importance of outcomes. Individual and organizational approaches can help manage stress, such as time management, social support, relaxation techniques, and wellness programs.

1. STRESS
MANAGEMENT

3. STRESS is our body’s physical, mental and
chemical reactions to circumstances that
frighten, confuse, endanger or irritate us.

4. According to Beehr and Newman,
“Job stress is a condition arising from the
interaction of the people and their jobs, and
characterized by changes within people that
force them to deviate from their normal
functioning.”

5. Some important points relating to
the nature of stress are :-
 Stress is a neutral word
- It is not bad in and of itself. But when stress is
created by undesirable outcomes, it becomes Distress.
On the other hand, if it is created by desirable and
successful effects it is called Eustress.

6.  Stress is associated with constraints and demand
- Constraints prevent an individual from doing
what he or she desire.
Demand refers to the loss of something desired.
 Two conditions are necessary for potential stress to
become actual stress. They must be :
i. Uncertainty over the outcome, and
ii. Outcome must be important.

7. NATURE OF STRESS
PERFORMANCE
HIGH
LOW
LOW STRESS OPTIMUM STRESS HIGH STRESS

8. Stress levels Low stress Optimum stress High stress
Reactions Boredom/Apathy High energy Exhaustion
Behaviors Low motivation
Carelessness
Psychological
Physical withdrawal
High motivation
High involvement
Anxiety
Nervousness
Bad judgement
Performance Low performance High performance Poor
performance
Health effects Dull health Good health Insomnia
Psychomatic
illnesses

9. WORK
STRESS
SOURCES OF WORK STRESS

10. Political
factors
Economic
factors
Technological
factors

11. Job
Related
Factors
Role
Related
Factors
Inter
personal
& group
Related
Factors
Org.
structural
Factors
Org.
Leadership
Factors
Org.
Life
Cycle

12. Group
Cohesiveness
Lack of
social
support
Conflicts Organizational
climate

13. Job Concerns
Career Changes
Economic Problems
Change In Life Structure
The Pace Of Life
Life Change & Life Traumas

14. For Individual For Family To Organizations
Physiological
Symptoms
Psychological
Symptoms
Behavioral
Symptoms

15. Individual’s and organizational
approaches to managing stress.
INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES
 Knowledge About Stress
 Physiological Fitness
 Time Management
 Assertiveness
 Social Support Network
 Readjust Life Goals
 Relaxation Techniques
 Plan Your Life In Advance

16. ORGANISATIONAL APPROACHES
• Selection and placement
• Goal setting
• Improved communication
• Redesigning jobs
• Participative decision making
• Building team work
• Personal wellness programmes