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Stress managment
- 1. STRESS MANAGMENT AYESHA TARIQ(008) FATIMA QAYYUM (011) SHINZA GULFAM (038)
- 2. STRESS o Stress isa physical and emotional state always present in the person o It is a reaction people have to excessive pressures. o It arises when they worry that they can’t cope. S = P > R Stress occurs when the pressure is greater than the resource
- 3. THE IMPACT OFSTRESS ON PERFORMANCE Stress: the body’s reaction to a tense situation Stress will affect work performance Stress in the workplace will carry on to your personal life Stress-related losses cost organizations billions of dollars annually
- 4. TYPES OF STRESSORS External oPhysical Environment o Social Interaction o Organisational o Major Life Events o Daily Hassles Internal o Lifestyle choices o Negative self - talk o Mind traps o Personality traits
- 5. EXTERNAL STRESSORS PHYSICA L ENVIRON -MENT • Noise •BrightLights •Heat •Confined Spaces SOCIAL INTERAC TI-ON • Rudeness •Bossiness •Aggressiveness by others •Bullying ORGANIS - ATIONAL • Rules •Regulations •Deadlines MAJOR LIFE EVENTS • Birth •Death •Lost job •Promotion •Marital status change DAILY HASSLES • Commuting • Misplaced keys • Mechanical breakdowns
- 6. INTERNAL STRESSORS • Caffeine •Lack of sleep • Overloaded schedule LIFESTYLE CHOICES • Pessimistic thinking • Self criticism • Over analysing NEGATIVE SELF - TALK • Unrealistic expectations •Taking things personally •All or nothing thinking •Exaggeration •Rigid thinking MIND TRAPS • Perfectionists •Workaholics PERSONALITY TRAITS
- 7. TYPES OF STRESS PositiveStress(Eustress) oA productive type of stress that provides strength to accomplish a task. oGives motivation and awareness to how to handle threatening situations. oCan become negative Negative Stress(Distress) oA type of stress that results in you becoming emotional, illogical, or in you losing control of your temper oCan cause anger, depression, distrust, fatigue, changes in appetite, and/or physical weakness Stress can be both positive and negative. It is our response to stress makes a difference in terms of how it affects us.
- 8. GRAPH FOR TYPESOF STRESS
- 9. EVERY INDIVIDUAL VARY oEveryone is different,with unique perceptions of, and reactions to, events. oThere is no single level of stress that is optimal for all people. oSome are more sensitive owing to experiences in childhood, the influence of teachers, parents and religion etc. oMost of the stress we experience is self- generated. oHow we perceive life? whether an event makes us feel threatened or stimulated, encouraged or discouraged, happy or sad depends to a large extent on how we perceive ourselves.
- 10. COST OF STRESS o80%of all modern diseases have their origins in stress oIn the UK, 40 million working days per year are lost directly from stress - related illness. oCosts in absenteeism to British industry is estimated at £1.5 billion pounds per year.
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- 12. STRESS CONTROL (ABC STRATEGY) A=Awareness Whatcauses you stress? How do you react? B=Balance There is a fine line between positive & negative stress. So, how much can you cope with before it becomes negative? C=Control What can you do to help yourself combat the negative effects of stress.
- 13. STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES Individual Approaches oTimeManagement oPhysical Exercise oRelaxation Training oSocial Support oChange your life style oStop Smoking oExercise oSleep oGet Organized Organizational Approaches oSelection and Placement oGoal Setting oJob Redesign oParticipative Decision Making oOrganizational Communication oWellness Program
- 14. INDIVIDUAL APPROACHE S Time Manageme nt An understan ding and utilization of basic time managem ent principles canhelp individuals better Physical Exercise Noncompeti tive physical exercise such as aerobics, race walking, jogging, swimming, and riding a bicycle have long been recommend
- 15. Relaxation Training •Individuals can teach themselvesto relax through techniques such as meditation, hypnosis, and biofeedback. The objective is to reach a state of deep relaxation, where one feels physically relaxed, somewhat detached from the immediate 1 Social Support • Having friends, family, or work colleagues to talk to provides an outlet when stress levels become excessive. Expanding your social support network, therefore, can be a means for tension reduction. 2
- 16. ORGANISATIONAL APPROACHES Selection and Placement •Individuals with littleexperience or an external locus of control tend to be more stress-prone . Selection and placement decisions should take these facts into consideration. Goal Setting •The use of goals can reduce stress as well as provide motivation. Specific goals that are perceived as attainable clarify performance expectations. Additionally, goal feedback reduces uncertainties as to actual job performance. The result is less employee frustration, role ambiguity, and stress.
- 17. Participative Decision Making By giving theseemployees a voice in decisions that directly affect their job performances, management can increase employee control and reduce this role stress. Job Redesign Redesigning jobs to give employees more responsibility, more meaningful work, more autonomy, and increased feedback can reduce stress, because these factors give the employee greater control over work activities and lessen dependence on others.
- 18. CONT. Organizational Communication •Given theimportance that perceptions play in moderating the stress-response relationship, management can also use effective communications as a means to shape employee perceptions . 1 Wellness Program •These programs focus on the employee's total physical and mental condition. For example, they typically provide workshops to help people quit smoking, control alcohol use, lose weight, eat better, and develop a regular exercise program. 2