Strategic Invention Materials Population Density
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This document discusses population density and factors that affect population size. It defines population density as the number of individuals per unit area. Differences in population density can be due to birth rates, death rates, and factors limiting population growth, such as availability of resources. The maximum population an environment can support is called its carrying capacity. The document includes an activity to calculate and compare population densities using a mathematical formula.
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Population ecology is a field of scientific research that examines the dynamics of populations of living organisms within a given environment. It involves the study of various aspects of populations, including their growth, distribution, density, age structure, and the factors that affect these attributes. Key components of population ecology include:
Population Dynamics: Population ecologists study how the size of a population changes over time. This involves examining birth rates (natality), death rates (mortality), immigration, and emigration.
Population Distribution: Understanding how individuals in a population are spatially distributed is essential. Populations can be clumped, evenly dispersed, or randomly distributed in a habitat.
Population Density: This refers to the number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume of habitat. Population density can have significant ecological and environmental implications.
Age Structure: The age distribution within a population can provide insights into its growth potential and reproductive capacity. It can help in predicting future population trends.
Population Growth Models: Population ecologists use mathematical models to describe and predict population growth, such as exponential and logistic growth models.
Limiting Factors: Population growth is limited by various factors, including availability of resources, predation, competition, disease, and environmental conditions. Population ecologists study how these factors influence population dynamics.
Carrying Capacity: The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size that can be sustained by available resources without causing environmental degradation or resource depletion.
Interactions: Populations do not exist in isolation. Interactions with other species, such as predation, competition, and mutualism, are essential considerations in population ecology.
Conservation and Management: Population ecology plays a critical role in the conservation and management of endangered species and ecosystems. It helps in making informed decisions to protect and sustainably manage populations.
Research Methods: Population ecologists employ various field and laboratory techniques, including population censuses, mark and recapture studies, and modeling, to gather data and understand population dynamics.
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Population Dynamics Lab ReportUse the following formula to c.docx
Population Dynamics
Lab Report
Use the following formula to complete the charts below: pf = pi * ert
Where:
pf = final population
pi = initial population
e = a physical constant whose value is 2.7183
r = rate of growth
t = time (doubling time)
Change the rate of growth into a decimal by dividing by 100.
Use either your calculator that has an ex function or the calculator found on the following website: http://www.math.com/students/calculators/source/scientific.htm
Example:
pi = 5.2 X 109 (initial population of 5.2 billion people in developing countries)
t = 39 years (from table 1)
r = 1.8% (from table 1)
r = 1.8% = 0.018
Multiply r and t 0.018 * 39 = 0.702
Pf = 5.2 * (e0.702)
On calculator, enter 0.702, then INV, then ex
Pf = 5.2 * (2.02)
Pf = 10.49 or 10.5 X 109
Or 10.5 billion people
Table 1: Growth Rates and Doubling Times for Various Countries
Region
Growth Rate (%)
Doubling Time (years)
World
1.4
50
Developed Countries
0.4
175
Developing Countries
1.8
39
Africa
2.5
28
Asia
1.6
44
United States
1.0
70
Mexico
1.7
41
Europe
0.2
350
Russia
0.3
233
Oceania
1.5
47
Exercise One:
Part A: Using information from table 1, fill in the chart below and then calculate the final population for each.
Part B: Using information from table 1, fill in Part B of the chart but use the developed countries’ doubling time.
Region
r (%)
dt (years)
Pi (X 109)
Pf (X 109)
A
Developing
4.7
Developed
1.2
United States
0.303
Mexico
0.107
Africa
0.048
B
Developing
**
4.7
**Use doubling time of developed countries
Exercise Two:
Calculate the final population for developed nations where (r) starts at 0.6 and decreases by 0.1 percent every ten years until (r) = 0.0 percent (ZPG). The final population becomes the initial population for the next ten year period.
r (%)
t (years)
Pi (X 109)
Pf (X 109)
0.6
10
1.2
0.5
10
0.4
10
0.3
10
0.2
10
0.1
10
0.0
10
Calculate the final population for developing nations where (r) starts at 2.0 percent and decreases by 0.4 percent every ten years until (r) = 0.0 percent (ZPG). Remember, the final population becomes the initial population for the next ten years.
r (%)
t (years)
Pi (X 109)
Pf (X 109)
2.0
10
4.7
1.6
10
1.2
10
0.8
10
0.4
10
0.2
10
0.0
10
Using information from exercise one, answer the following questions.
1. Which country/region (do not consider the first three lines of information) has the highest growth rate? The lowest? How do you account for this difference?
2. Why do some countries/regions have a shorter or lower doubling time?
3. What would happen to the final population of developing countries if their growth rate is maintained over a developed countries doubling time?
Using information from exercise two, answer the following questions:
1. How do the final populations of developed regions and developing regions compare when zero population growth is reached?
2. Why were the growth rates used in this exercise differen.
Ecology- organisms and populations class 12 notes in pfd
Introduction organisms and populations class 12
Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions among organisms and their environment, encompassing a diverse array of living and non-living components. In the context of Class 12 Biology, the study of ecology specifically delves into the intricate relationships between organisms and populations. This branch of biology seeks to unravel the dynamics of life at both individual and collective levels, exploring how organisms adapt to their surroundings and influence one another in the grand tapestry of ecosystems. By investigating topics such as population ecology, community dynamics, and the delicate balance of ecosystems, students gain insights into the mechanisms governing life on Earth. Understanding these ecological principles is fundamental not only to appreciating the complexities of the natural world but also to addressing contemporary challenges related to biodiversity conservation, environmental sustainability, and the impact of human activities on ecosystems. Through the lens of ecology, students in Class 12 embark on a journey to comprehend the interconnected web of life and the factors shaping the diversity, distribution, and interactions of organisms and populations in their ever-changing environments.
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environment study.pptx
The document discusses a presentation by group members Pavan Kumar and Rajan Singh on environment study for Mangalmay Institute of Management Technology in Greater Noida. It provides definitions of urban population, rural population, male population, and female population. Urban population refers to people living in densely populated areas like cities and towns. Rural population in the US is estimated between 55-87 million people. As of 2021, there are approximately 3.97 billion males in the world and 3.905 billion females in the world. There are currently about 1.9885 billion children on Earth.
Chapter 54
A population consists of all individuals of a species in a given area. Population ecologists study population structure, density, and dynamics by tracking demographic events like births and deaths. Life tables constructed for cohorts can reveal survivorship patterns and be used to predict population trends. Environmental factors like resource availability determine a population's carrying capacity, with growth slowing as density approaches capacity due to density-dependent factors.
UNIT 3 POPULATION ECOLOGY (1)
This document provides an overview of population ecology, including terminology, patterns of dispersion, population growth, survival patterns, factors influencing population growth, methods for determining population size, human population trends, and social organization. Some key points include:
- Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. A population is a group of the same species in the same area. Density, dispersion, demography, birth and death rates are important concepts.
- Population growth can follow exponential or logistic patterns. Carrying capacity is the maximum population an environment can sustain. Survival patterns include Type I, II, and III curves.
- Population growth is influenced by density-dependent factors like competition, disease, predation, and
population ecology
The document discusses key concepts in population ecology, including characteristics of populations like geographic distribution, density, dispersion, growth rate, and age structure. It explains that population size is affected by births, deaths, and immigration/emigration. Environmental resistance limits population growth and determines a population's maximum carrying capacity. Both density-dependent and density-independent factors constrain growth. Understanding human population patterns is important for addressing global problems.
Smd Qtr1 population ecology
The document discusses key concepts in population ecology, including characteristics of populations like geographic distribution, density, dispersion, growth rate, and age structure. It explains that population size is affected by births, deaths, and immigration/emigration. Environmental resistance limits population growth and determines a population's carrying capacity. Both density-dependent and density-independent factors constrain growth. Understanding human population patterns is important for addressing global problems.
Chapter 18
The document discusses population and demography topics including:
- Population growth has rapidly increased over time, doubling from 1950-1987 as the world population reached 5 billion.
- The Philippines has one of the fastest growing populations in the world, ranking 13th in population size globally. Its population grew from 15 million in 1900 to over 60 million in 1990.
- Population change is influenced by three variables: fertility rates, mortality rates, and migration patterns. Reductions in mortality contributed to global population growth while migration has not significantly impacted growth in most countries.
Popeco
This document discusses key concepts about population dynamics, including the three main features of populations: size, density, and dispersion. It explains how population growth is determined by birth and death rates, and how populations are limited by carrying capacity and factors like resources, habitat, disease, and competition. Populations can exhibit exponential or logistic growth patterns over time. The document also contrasts r-selected and K-selected life history strategies and provides an example of human population growth rates.
CS12A - Lesson 1 : Human Population
This online lesson discusses demographics and overpopulation in the Philippines. It begins by defining demography and describing how the Philippines census is conducted. Key points from the 2010 census are provided, such as the total population and regional breakdown. Factors contributing to overpopulation in the Philippines include declining death rates, better medical facilities, lack of family planning, and immigration. Effects of overpopulation include depletion of resources, environmental degradation, conflicts, unemployment, and increased cost of living. Solutions discussed include improving education, promoting family planning awareness, sex education, and providing tax benefits for smaller families.
Fellmann11e ch4
The document discusses key concepts in human population geography including population growth rates, definitions of terms like birth rate and death rate, population pyramids, the demographic transition from high birth/death rates to low, population density measures, and issues of population control and prospects. It provides background on analyzing spatial patterns and trends in factors like numbers, ages, sexes, births, deaths, and densities of human populations.
Population size and genetic drift
This is best presentation related to science . major zoology. this topic is from chapter evolution from the zoology subject.i tried to make it easier for understanding of others. it is easy to understand the concept with examples.so try to understand.....easy easy easy.
Population growth implications for environmental sustaintability
This document discusses the implications of population growth in Nigeria for environmental sustainability. It notes that rapid population growth and increasing demand for natural resources is disrupting natural ecosystems and undermining their ability to support populations at current levels. The carrying capacity of the environment is exceeded when populations grow too large relative to available resources. Problems caused by Nigeria's growing population include soil erosion, land degradation, and habitat loss due to increasing agricultural and development pressures on the land. For sustainable development, population size and growth must be balanced with the environment's productive capacity.
POPULATION
A population is defined as a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area and can breed. Population density measures the number of individuals per unit area or volume and is commonly used for humans and other living things. Birth rates represent the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population each year, while death rates show the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given time period. Globally, the current crude death rate is around 8 deaths per 1,000 people.
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Population Dynamics Lab ReportUse the following formula to c.docx
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Ecology- organisms and populations class 12 notes in pfd
Ecology- organisms and populations class 12 notes in pfd
Population growth implications for environmental sustaintability
Population growth implications for environmental sustaintability
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Mechanical energy
The document discusses different types of mechanical energy and energy in general. It defines mechanical energy as the energy an object has from its motion or potential for motion. It then describes two main types of mechanical energy: 1) potential energy, which is the energy an object has due to its position or ability to do work, such as a stretched rubber band or rock on a cliff, and 2) kinetic energy, which is the energy associated with an object's motion, such as a moving bicycle. The document further discusses different types of energy in matter, including gravitational, chemical, elastic, electrical, and nuclear energy. It also defines kinetic energy and lists some examples of kinetic energy forms.
Magma
This document discusses factors that affect the viscosity of magma, including temperature, chemical composition/silica content, and amount of dissolved gases. It then provides examples of how viscosity is affected in different lava conditions. Specifically, lava with less silica content and more gases has lower viscosity and can flow farther, while lava with high silica content and fewer gases has higher viscosity and may dome or plug a vent without flowing far. Viscosity decreases with higher temperature and increases with higher silica content or lower gas content.
Geothermal energy
Geothermal energy harnesses heat from the earth's interior to generate electricity or provide heating. It can be produced through geothermal power plants that drill into the earth to extract hot water or steam which is used to spin turbines and generate electricity, or through geothermal heat pumps that tap into shallow earth heat to provide heating for buildings. The Philippines currently operates several geothermal power plants across the country.
Echon (electron configuration)
The document provides an overview of electron configuration, which is the arrangement of electrons in an atom. It explains the key concepts of principal quantum number (n), sublevels (s, p, d, f), orbitals, the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund's rule, and how to write out the electron configuration for different elements. Examples are given for elements such as hydrogen, helium, lithium, carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, aluminum, argon, iron, and lanthanum.
Flame test
Metal salts emit different characteristic colors when heated due to electrons in their atoms being excited to higher energy levels and emitting light as they fall back down. Spectroscopy can be used to analyze the light emitted, showing unique "fingerprint" atomic spectra for each element. This relates to Bohr's model of the atom, which describes electrons occupying fixed energy levels and emitting light as they change levels.
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Strategic Invention Materials Population Density
- 1. Population Density A Strategic Intervention Material in Science 9 First Quarter 2017-2018 Prepared by: JOHN FLORENTINO E. ECHON, ScienceTeacher I Presented to: LENIE N. ELAMPARIO, Principal II TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE.
- 2. TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE. S9LT-Ie-f-30 Learning competencies Relate species extinction to the failure of populations of organisms to adapt to abrupt changes in the environment Specific objective: • Determine the pattern of population distribution using mathematical formula • Compare the distribution patterns of the different populations.
- 4. Populations can be of the same size, but they may have different densities. When we consider the number of individuals per unit area, we are referring to the density of the population. In formula, Population Density = number of individuals Size of the area Differences in population density in any community may be attributed to many factors. Population sizes change when new members move into the ecosystem. They decrease when members move out of an ecosystem. The birth rate and death rates can also affect a population’s size. Anything that limits the size of a population like certain environmental conditions are called limiting factors. TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE.
- 5. Limiting factors keep a population from increasing in size and help balance an ecosystem. Examples of limiting factors are the availability of food, water, and living conditions. Light, temperature and soil nutrients are also limiting factors because they help determine the types of organisms that can live in an ecosystem. The maximum population size an environment can support is called its carrying capacity. If the population size rises above the carrying capacity, organisms die because they cannot meet all their needs. TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE.
- 7. Activity 1Measuring Population Density Objective: Determine the pattern of population distribution using mathematical formula Compare the distribution patterns of the different populations. TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE.
- 8. 1. Study the three patterns of population distribution in Figure 4. 2. Using the given formula for computing population density, calculate the density of each population. Density = number of individuals Size of area 3. Count the total number for each population. Record the number in the table. 4. On a sheet of paper, prepare a table to record the data for population density. Table 1 Population Density y 5. Calculate the density of each population. Record it in the table. Population name population Population density TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE.
- 12. I. Answer briefly the following questions in your answer sheet: 1. If the population species of a given area is doubled, what effect would this have on the resources of the community? 2. In a population, limiting factors and population density are often related. Suppose that the population density of plant seedlings in an area is very high, explain how limiting factors may affect population density. TaltalNationalHighSchoolECHON,JOHNFLORENTINOE.