Steel ,Stainless Steel & Effect of alloying additions on steel
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Manganese, silicon, and chromium are common alloying additions to steel that each provide benefits. Manganese slightly increases strength and hardness while decreasing the critical quenching speed, allowing steel to be quenched in oil. Silicon is used as a deoxidizer and also increases strength and hardness. Chromium increases hardness penetration and, at 5% or more used with manganese, allows steel to be air hardening. It also increases toughness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, with 14% chromium or more resulting in stainless steel.
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3. Heat treatments can be used to alter the properties of cast irons and steels. Annealing softens materials while hardening increases strength and wear resistance. Cryogenic treatment further enhances properties.
Manufacturing
Metallic or non-metallic elements are added to base metals in specified amounts to make alloys with new properties. This process is called alloying. Alloying elements include aluminum, boron, chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, silicon, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, and zirconium. Alloys have superior qualities like corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, hardness, or strength compared to base metals. Common alloys used in daily life include those used in kitchen utensils, vehicles, computers, phones, and medical and engineering equipment. Steel is an important alloy of iron and carbon, and different amounts of carbon or additional alloying elements give steel properties suitable for different applications.
The alloying elements(final)
The document discusses various alloying elements that are added to steel and their effects on steel properties. It describes how carbon is the basic alloying element in steel and increases hardness and strength. Chromium provides corrosion resistance when added in amounts over 4% and increases hardenability when added below 2%. Silicon improves strength, elasticity, and acid resistance. Manganese, nickel, molybdenum, and vanadium form carbides which increase strength, particularly at high temperatures. Aluminum, titanium, and boron also improve various properties like ductility, strength, corrosion resistance, and hardenability when added in small amounts to steel. The alloying elements allow for a wide range of steel grades with different characteristics.
Ferritic stainless steel.pptx
This document discusses ferritic stainless steel. It begins by defining ferritic stainless steel as containing over 12% chromium and having a body-centered cubic crystal structure. It then lists some key advantages of ferritic stainless steel such as being relatively inexpensive with low corrosion rates. Some limitations mentioned include having a high ductile to brittle transition temperature. The document provides examples of common ferritic stainless steel grades and discusses the effect of elements like chromium and molybdenum on properties. It also outlines some applications of ferritic stainless steel such as in kitchen appliances, food processing equipment, and seawater applications due to corrosion resistance.
Steel and its alloys , Nickel alloys , super alloys.
This presentation contains :
1.steel and its alloys.
2.effect of addition of different elements in alloys.
3.Nickel alloys
4.Super alloys
5.Applications
Similar to Steel ,Stainless Steel & Effect of alloying additions on steel (20)
Engineering materials and metallurgy -Ferrous and Non Ferrous metals 1.pptx
Engineering materials and metallurgy -Ferrous and Non Ferrous metals 1.pptx
Steel and its alloys , Nickel alloys , super alloys.
Steel and its alloys , Nickel alloys , super alloys.
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学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...
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DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
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dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
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Object Oriented Analysis and Design - OOAD
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一比一原版(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
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◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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Steel ,Stainless Steel & Effect of alloying additions on steel
- 1. Prepared By Er.Navin.H.Yadav B.E.,M.Tech, Ph.D*, Asst. professor, Department of Mechanical engineering, Kautilya Institute Of Technology Of Engineering , Steel ,Stainless Steel & Effect of alloying additions on steel
- 13. Manganese Manganese slightly increases the strength of ferrite, and also increases the hardness penetration of steel in the quench by decreasing the critical quenching speed. This also makes the steel more stable in the quench. Steels with manganese can be quenched in oil rather than water, and therefore are less susceptible to cracking because of a reduction in the shock of quenching. Manganese is present in most commercially made steels. Silicon Silicon is used as a deoxidizer in the manufacture of steel. It slightly increases the strength of ferrite, and when used in conjunction with other alloys can help increase the toughness and hardness penetration of
- 14. Chromium As with manganese, chromium has a tendency to increase hardness penetration. This element has many interesting effects on steel. When 5 percent chromium or more is used in conjunction with manganese, the critical quenching speed is reduced to the point that the steel becomes air hardening. Chromium can also increase the toughness of steel, as well as the wear resistance. Probably one of the most well known effects of chromium on steel is the tendency to resist staining and corrosion. Steels with 14 percent or more chromium are referred to as stainless steels. A more accurate term would be stain resistant. Stainless tool steels will in fact darken and rust,
- 15. Molybdenum Molybdenum increases the hardness penetration of steel, slows the critical quenching speed, and increases high temperature tensile strength. Vanadium Vanadium helps control grain growth during heat treatment. By inhibiting grain growth it helps increase the toughness and strength of the steel. Titanium This element, when used in conjunction with Boron, increases the effectiveness of the Boron in the hardenability of steel.
- 16. Tungsten Tungsten Used in small amounts, tungsten combines with the free carbides in steel during heat treatment, to produce high wear resistance with little or no loss of toughness. High amounts combined with chromium gives steel a property known as red hardness. This means that the steel will not lose its working hardness at high temperatures. An example of this would be tools designed to cut hard materials at high speeds, where the friction between the tool and the material would generate high temperatures.