The document discusses the status of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) related to health - reducing child mortality (MDG 4), improving maternal health (MDG 5), and combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases (MDG 6). It provides an overview of the targets and indicators for each goal and analyzes India's progress toward meeting the targets by 2015. While India has made progress in reducing child mortality, maternal mortality, and prevalence of HIV/AIDS and malaria, it is expected to fall short of fully achieving the goals. Global progress is also outlined. Concerted efforts are still needed to meet the health-related MDG targets through actions like increasing access to healthcare.

1. STATUS OFMILLENIUM
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
BY:
NAVITHA
RAJU. A
UNIVERSITY OF HYDERABAD

2. What are the Millennium Development
Goals?
• The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are
eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond to
the world's main development challenges.
• The MDGs are drawn from the actions and targets
contained in the Millennium Declaration that
was adopted by 189 nations-and signed by 147
heads of state and governments during the UN
Millennium Summit in September 2000.

3. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
There are Eight Millennium Development Goals
adopted by United Nation
1. To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. To achieve universal primary education
3. To promote gender equality and empower women
4. To reduce child mortality
5. To improve maternal health
6. To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
7. To ensure environmental sustainability
8. To develop a global partnership for development.

4. MDGs 4,5,6
Pertaining to Health

5. Reduce Child Mortality
Indicators:
1. Under-five mortality
rate (UNICEF-WHO).
2. Infant mortality rate
(UNICEF-WHO).
3. Proportion of 1 year-old
children immunized
against measles
(UNICEF-WHO
Target:
• Reduce by two-thirds the under
five mortality rate by 2015.

6. Improve Maternal Health
Indicators:
1. Maternal mortality ratio
(UNICEF-WHO).
2. Proportion of births
attended by skilled
health personnel
(UNICEF-WHO).
Target:
• Reduce by three-quarters the
maternal mortality rate between
1990 and 2015
• Achieve by 2015, universal
access to reproductive health

7. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other
diseases
Indicators:
1. HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-
24 years (UNAIDS-WHO-UNICEF.
2. Condom use rate of the contraceptive prevalence
rate (UN Population Division) .
• Condom use at last high-risk sex
(UNICEF-WHO).
• Percentage of population aged 15-24 years
with comprehensive correct knowledge of
HIV/AIDS (UNICEF-WHO) .
• Contraceptive prevalence rate (UN
Population Division).
3. Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school
attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years
(UNICEF-UNAIDS-WHO).
4. Prevalence and death rates associated with
malaria (WHO) Proportion of population in
malaria-risk areas using effective malaria
prevention and treatment measures (UNICEF-
WHO) .
5. Prevalence and death rates associated with
tuberculosis (WHO).
6. Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and
cured under DOTS (internationally
recommended TB control strategy) (WHO).
Target:
• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the
spread of HIV/AIDS
• Achieve, by 2010, universal access to
treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who
need it
• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the
incidence of malaria and other major
diseases.

8. MGDs 4,5,6 STATUS

9. MDG 4 :Reduce Child Mortality
Target:
• Reduce by two-thirds the under five mortality rate by 2015.
Present Status (India):
• India’s under Five Mortality (U5MR) declined from 125 per
1000 live births in 1990 to 74.6 per 1000 live births in 2005-
06.
• U5MR is expected to further decline to 70 per 1000 live
births by 2015 and might fail to achieve the target that is 42
per 1000 live births by 2015

10. MDG 4 :Reduce Child Mortality
Global Information
• 76 lakhs children under 5 died in 2010.
• During 1960-1990, child mortality in developing region was
halved to one child in 10 dying before age five. The aim is
to further cut child mortality by two thirds from 1990 level.
• Reaching the MDG on reducing the child mortality will
require universal coverage with key effective, affordable
interventions like care for new born and mothers, Infant and
young child feeding, vaccines, prevention and case
management of pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria control and
prevention and care of HIV/AIDS.

11. MDG 5 :Improve Maternal Health
Target:
• Reduce by three-quarters the maternal
mortality rate between 1990 and 2015
• Achieve by 2015, universal access to
reproductive health

12. MDG 5 :Improve Maternal Health
Present Status(India):
• The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) of India was
437 per 100,000 live births in 1990-91 and the
target of 2015 is 109 per 100,000 live births.
• The present MMR is 254 per 100,000 live birth as
compared to 1990.
• Despite progress India is expected to fall short by
26 points by 2015
• By 2015, India is expected to ensure only 62
percent of births in institutional facilities with
trained personnel.

13. MDG 5 :Improve Maternal Health
Global Information:
• Up to 358 000 women die each year in
pregnancy and childbirth
• Since 1990, some countries in Asia and
Northern Africa have more than halved
maternal mortality.
• Some 21.5 crore women who would prefer to
delay or avoid pregnancy still lack safe and
effective contraception.

14. MDG 6 : Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other
diseases
Target:
• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the spread of
HIV/AIDS
• Achieve, by 2010, universal access to
treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who
need it
• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the
incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

15. MDG 6 : Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and
other diseases
Present Status(India):
• India made significant stride in reducing the prevalence
of HIV/AIDS. Much of decline can be attributed to
greater awareness and increasing condom use.
• Malaria, both in terms of prevalence and death has
declined. The diagnosis of malaria has declined from
1.74 % in 2005 to 1.52 % in 2009
• India account for one-fifth of the global incidence of
Tuberculosis (TB), but made progress in halting the
prevalence
• Treatment success rate of TB has remained steady at
86-87 percent over the last five years.

16. MDG 6 : Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and
other diseases
Global Information:
• At the end of 2011, 3.42 crore people were living
with HIV, 25 lakh people became newly infected
and 17 lakh died of AIDS which includes
2,30,000 children.
• Around 300.3 crore people are at risk of
contracting malaria. On an average, malaria kills
a child every minute.
• TB is one of the biggest infectious killer disease
in the world with estimated 14 lakh, deaths and 88
lakh new cases of TB in 2010.

17. TO ACHIEVE MDG GOAL 4
• Systematic action is required to target the main
causes of child death
(pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria and
undernutrition) and the most vulnerable children.
This includes a stronger focus on neonatal
mortality, which is now a driving factor in child
mortality
• Children are also at greater risk of dying before
age five if they are born in rural areas or to a
mother denied basic education

18. GOAL 5
• Health care during pregnancy can save lives, but only half
of women in developing regions receive the recommended
amount of care
• Monitoring is required to ensure high-quality antenatal
care that actually contributes to improved pregnancy
outcomes.
• The need for family planning is slowly being met for more
women, but demand is increasing at a rapid pace.
• Adolescent childbearing is risky for both mother and
child, and remains at very high levels in many developing
regions

19. GOAL 6
• Knowledge about HIV among young people falls far short
of the global target
• As treatment is scaled up, fewer people are dying of AIDS
and more people are living with HIV than ever before
levels of such knowledge among young people are appallingly low, especially in the worst-
affected region.
• More than 1 million deaths from malaria were averted
over the last decade, but renewed commitment is needed to
sustain gains
Sleeping under an insecticide-treated mosquito net is the most effective way to prevent
malaria transmission

20. GOAL 6
• Universal access to antiretroviral therapy is within
reach, but will require sustained political support
• Successful treatment of tuberculosis is exceeding global
targets, but more work lies ahead
More than one third of all tuberculosis cases are not treated using the DOTS

21. I can,
You can,
We can.
THANK YOU