The document provides an overview of health development strategies related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and introduction to the post-2015 development agenda. It discusses the status and impact of the MDGs, lessons learned, and shortcomings. It then outlines the process underway to develop Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to succeed the MDGs beyond 2015, including input from the Rio+20 conference, a High-Level Panel, and an Open Working Group establishing proposed goals and targets. One of the proposed goals is to attain healthy lives for all, with targets related to reducing mortality from various causes and achieving universal health coverage.
United Nations Millennium Development Goals: the story so farDr Anoop Swarup
What are the achievements on the 15 year promise? : not yet, as there is a lot that is yet to be done and the priority is to urgently redefine our goals for the post 2015 agenda, taking cue from the UNDP-CII Consultation by Prof Anoop Swarup on the 23rd of Jan 2013
Millennium development Goals, MDGs Framework, Millennium development goals, Targets, Indicators, Targets for 2015, India achievement till 2013, National Health Programmes under 12th national Plan (2012- 2017)
United Nations Millennium Development Goals: the story so farDr Anoop Swarup
What are the achievements on the 15 year promise? : not yet, as there is a lot that is yet to be done and the priority is to urgently redefine our goals for the post 2015 agenda, taking cue from the UNDP-CII Consultation by Prof Anoop Swarup on the 23rd of Jan 2013
Millennium development Goals, MDGs Framework, Millennium development goals, Targets, Indicators, Targets for 2015, India achievement till 2013, National Health Programmes under 12th national Plan (2012- 2017)
The Sustainable Development Goals—officially known as "Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development"—are an intergovernmental set of 17 aspirational goals and 169 targets. Building post-2015 on the accomplishments of the Millennium Development Goals, but cognizant also of their shortcomings, they combine economic, environmental, and social goals that now apply to all countries. They were developed in a broad two-year consultation process during which civil society, citizens, academics, scientists, and the private sector of all countries had the opportunity to contribute.
cheerdance grade 10 pe presentation cheerndance basic mortion , basic stance, cheerleadinng and cheerdancing. Cheerleading is an activity in which the participants cheer for their team as a form of encouragement. It can range from chanting slogans to intense physical activity. It can be performed to motivate sports teams, to entertain the audience, or for competition
This presentation covers three key messages:
Climate justice (rechtvaardigheid) is a concept that should be at the heart of the climate change discourse, and is tied to the causes, consequences and interventions
Climate change results in inequitable (onrechtvaardige) health outcomes: case study of the Netherlands
Twitter & social media is a great way to tap into the climate justice conversation and hear the lived experience of people
Social Determinants and Global Health
Julius Global Health, Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
For more information: www.globalhealth.eu
Moeder- en kindgezondheid in de tropenJoyce Browne
Moeder- en kindgezondheid in de tropen
Maternal- and child health in Global Health
Julius Global Health / Julius Center / University Medical Center Utrecht
More information? www.globalhealth.eu
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
1. Health Development Strategies: the
MDGs and introduction to post 2015
agenda
Joyce L. Browne, MD MSc
PhD fellow
Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and
Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands
www.globalhealth.eu
J.L.Browne@umcutrecht.nl
2. Learning objectives
• To assess the status of the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) in 2013.
• To illustrate lessons learned from the MDGs that
can be applied in post-2015 strategies.
• To provide an overview of post-2015 strategies
and the discussion on the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs)
4. The UN Millennium Declaration
2000: UN Development Summit adopted UN
Millennium Declaration [A/Res/55/2]
• 6 values
• Freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, respect for nature, shared
responsibility.
• 7 key objectives
• Peace, security and disarmament, development and poverty eradication,
protection of the environment, human rights, democracy, good governance,
protection of vulnerable people, special needs Africa, strengthening UN.
• 11 development targets -> MDGs (2001)
6. MDG 1: Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty
Target 1A:
• Halve the proportion of people living on less than $1 a day
Target 1B:
• Achieve decent employment for Women, Men, and Young
People.
Target 1C:
• Halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger.
7. Target 2A:
• By 2015, all children can complete a full course of primary
schooling, girls and boys.
MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education
8. Target 3A:
• Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education
preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
MDG 3: Promote gender equality and empower
women
9. Target 4A:
• Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five
mortality rate
MDG 4: Reduce child mortality rates
10. Target 5A:
• Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the
maternal mortality ratio
Target 5B:
• Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health
MDG 5: Improve maternal health
11. Target 6A:
• Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.
Target 6B:
• Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those
who need it.
Target 6C:
• Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and
other major diseases.
MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other
disease.
12. Target 7A:
• Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs;
reverse loss of environmental resources.
Target 7B:
• Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss.
Target 7C:
• Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe
drinking water and basic sanitation (for more information see the entry on water supply).
Target 7D:
• By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million
slum-dwellers.
MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
13. Target 8A-F includes:
• Open trading and financial system;
• Debt problems of developing countries;
• (in co-operation with pharmaceutical companies) provide access to affordable
essential drugs in developing countries;
• (in co-operation with the private sector) make available the benefits of new
technologies, especially information and communications
MDG 8: Develop a global partnership
14. The health-related MDGs
MDG 4 Child mortality
MDG 5 Maternal
mortality
MDG 6 HIV/AIDS, malaria
and other diseases
15. 1. Global mobilization on a set of priorities
• Countries, civil society, private sector involvement
• Increases in international aid spending, especially
for health and education
Impact of the MDGs
16. • OECD (Organization for Economic
Co-operation and Development)’s
Development Assistance
Committee (DAC) is a forum for 29
members to discuss issues related
to aid, development and poverty
reduction in developing countries.
• Since introduction of MDGs:
massive increase in DAC countries
pooled aid to health (red line) and
international organization’s aid to
health (pink line) .
Health funds 1971-2009
OECD, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/26/39/49907438.pdf
17. 1. Global mobilization on a set of priorities
• Countries, civil society, private sector
• Increases in health and education aid
2. Establish measurable, monitored and time-bound
objectives
Impact of the MDGs
19. MDG 4: child mortality
• Globally: mortality rate <5 years
dropped 41% (87 -> 57/1,000 live
births)
• Target for 2/3 reduction will likely
not be reached
• Major causes of child mortality:
pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria and
malnutrition. Majority of <5
mortality is in the first year of life.
• Questions: which regions are on
track? Which regions are not?
What could be explanations for
this?
20. MDG 5: maternal mortality
• Globally: maternal mortality has
been one of the worst performing
indicators, and only in the past few
years received increased attention.
• Yet, MDG5 lags the most behind,
and will likely not be reached.
• Major causes of maternal mortality:
sepsis (infection), hemorrhage
(severe bleeding) hypertensive
disorders in pregnancy and unsafe
abortion. e.
• Questions: which regions are on
track? Which regions are not? What
could be explanations for this?
21. MDG 6: HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tb
• Globally number of newly infected HIV patients
continues to fall (21% decrease between 2001-
2011)
• 1.8 infections were prevented in sub-Saharan
Africa. The sharpest decline was reached in the
Caribbean (43%). Because of successful
mother-to-child transmission prevention
programs, child infection has reduced
significantly.
• The majority (60%) of people between 15-24 in
low- and middle income countries infected, are
women. Young girls seem more vulnerable
because of factors as gender inequality and
physiological factors.
• Questions: which regions are on track? Which
regions are not? What could be explanations
for this? What could be gender en
physiological factors that increase the
vulnerability of women?
23. 1. Global mobilization on a set of priorities
• Countries, civil society, private sector
• Increases in health and education aid
2. Establish measurable, monitored and time-bound
objectives
• Overall progress: substantial, but variable across
goals, targets, regions, countries, and within
countries.
• Lessons from the MDGs can be learned for post-
2015 Development Agenda
Impact of the MDGs
24. However.. There are shortcomings to
the MDGs
• Conceptualization and execution
• Ownership
• Equity
Lancet and LIDC (2010): The MDGs: a cross-sectoral analysis and principles for goal setting after 2015
25. Shortcoming 1: conceptualization and
execution
1. Important themes are missing:
• Of the original Millennium Declaration: Peace, security and
disarmament, human rights
• New emerging themes: Climate change, economic development
2. Goals, targets and indicators are narrowly defined,
without identification and exploitation of cross-
links
• E.g. only primary education, agriculture, nutrition
• Measurability of (some) indicators
3. Do not promote efficient horizontal and multi-
sectorial approach embedded in health systems.
26. Shortcoming 1: conceptualization and
execution
1. Important themes are missing:
• Of the MDs: Peace, security and disarmament, human rights
• Climate change, economic development
2. Goals, targets and indicators are narrowly defined,
without identification and exploitation of cross-
links
• E.g. only primary education (where is secondary education?),
agriculture (availability of healthy food, agriculture as an important
pillar for economic development), nutrition (nutrition links to many
themes, like health, economic development through a healthy
workforce, and peace and security in the absence of scarcity.
• Measurability of (some) indicators
3. Do not promote efficient horizontal and multi-
sectorial approach embedded in health systems.
27. Shortcoming 1: conceptualization and
execution
1. Important themes are missing:
• Of the MDs: Peace, security and disarmament, human rights
• Climate change, economic development
2. Goals, targets and indicators are narrowly defined,
without identification and exploitation of cross-
links
• E.g. only primary education, agriculture, nutrition
• Measurability of (some) indicators
3. Do not promote efficient horizontal and multi-
sectorial approach embedded in health systems.
• “Silo-approach”, striking example: shiny well-funded HIV-clinic next
a worn-down public hospital.
28. Shortcoming 2: ownership
1. Meaningful national ownership developing
countries?
• Drafting process: donor and/or expert driven?
• Underrepresentation of developing countries
• Underrepresentation of civil society
2. Leadership on specific MDGs
• Especially MDG5 (maternal health)
• Process of setting national targets (≠ global
targets)
29. “Equity is the absence of avoidable or remediable differences
among groups of people, whether those groups are defined
socially, economically, demographically, or geographically.
Health inequities therefore involve more than inequality with
respect to health determinants, access to the resources needed
to improve and maintain health or health outcomes. They also
entail a failure to avoid or overcome inequalities that infringe on
fairness and human rights norms.” - WHO
Shortcoming 3: equity
30. Shortcoming 3: equity
1. Aggregation of data vs. disaggregation
• Disaggregation means: assessing the data and
progress separately for important subgroups. For
example: socio-economic status, gender.
2. MDGs promote an approach to focus on easiest-
to-reach populations?
31. MDGs conclusion
• Important global mobilizer to focus efforts; obtain
and measure results; and to improve lives and
wellbeing.
• Reflecting on MDGs strengths and weaknesses,
informs the post-2015 Agenda.
• Post-2015: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
33. Rio+20
June 2012: Meeting of world
leaders, governments, private
sector, NGOs and other groups
• Sustainable development
through:
• Economic development
• Environmental sustainability
• Social inclusion (fairness)
35. Process
• Inclusive consultation
• Meetings with key stakeholders (governments, civil
society, business, academia, youth, etc)
• Involvement of the public
• Global conversation on the post-2015 SDGs
(http://bcove.me/9mxyo5w6)
36. Transformative principles of the
universal post-2015 agenda
• Leave no one behind.
• Put sustainable development at the core.
• Transform economies for jobs and inclusive
growth.
• Build peace and effective, open and accountable
institutions for all.
• Forge a new global partnership.
40. Road ahead
• 2013-2014:
Open Working Group: recommendations road
ahead
Expert Working Group on Financing of the SGDs
• 2015:
Summit meeting for member states to agree on
new goals and mobilize global action
• 2016:
Implementation of new agenda
41. Recorded lecture: Mr. Anne Poorta,
policy officer Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, The Netherlands
42. PROPOSED GOALS AND TARGETS ON
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE
POST2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
Zero Draft, 3 June 2014
43. 1. End poverty everywhere
2. End hunger, improve nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
3. Attain healthy lives for all
4. Provide quality education and life-long learning opportunities
for all
5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere
6. Ensure availability and sustainable use of water and sanitation
for all
7. Ensure sustainable energy for all
8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
9. Promote sustainable infrastructure and industrialization and
foster innovation
10. Reduce inequality within and between countries
Proposed Sustainable Development Goals
to be attained by 2030
44. 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe and
sustainable
12. Promote sustainable consumption and production
patterns
13. Tackle climate change and its impacts
14. Conserve and promote sustainable use of oceans, seas
and marine resources
15. Protect and promote sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, halt desertification, land degradation and
biodiversity loss
16. Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, access to
justice for all, and effective and capable institutions
17. Strengthen the means of implementation and the
global partnership for sustainable development
Proposed Sustainable Development Goals
to be attained by 2030
45. Zero Draft: Proposed goal 3.
Attain healthy lives for all (1)
• 3.1 by 2030 reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than
70 per 100,000 live births
• 3.2 by 2030 end preventable newborn, infant and under-five
deaths
• 3.3 by 2030 end the epidemics of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria,
and neglected tropical diseases
• 3.4 by 2030 reduce substantially morbidity and mortality from
non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through prevention and
treatment, promote mental health and wellbeing, and strengthen
prevention and treatment of narcotic drug, alcohol, and substance
abuse
• 3.5 by 2030 halve deaths from road traffic accidents
46. • 3.6 achieve universal health coverage (UHC), including financial
risk protection, access to essential health care services, and access
to safe, effective and affordable essential medicines and vaccines
for all
• 3.7 by 2030 substantially reduce the number of deaths and
illnesses from air (indoor and outdoor), water and soil pollution
• 3.a strengthen implementation of the Framework Convention on
Tobacco Control in all countries who have ratified the Convention
and urge countries that have not ratified it to ratify and implement
it
• 3.b support research and development of vaccines and medicines
for the communicable diseases that primarily affect developing
countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines, and
support developing countries’ use of TRIPS flexibilities
• 3.c increase substantially the recruitment, development and
training and retention of the health workforce in developing
countries, especially in LDCs
Zero Draft: Proposed goal 3.
Attain healthy lives for all (2)
Editor's Notes
Global commitment to time bound target to eradicate poverty, hunger and improve health
Targets MD:• To halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of the world’s people whose income is less than one dollar a day and the proportion of people who suffer from hunger and, by the same date, to halve the proportion of people who are unable to reach or to afford safe drinking water.
• To ensure that, by the same date, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling and that girls and boys will have equal access to all levels of education.
• By the same date, to have reduced maternal mortality by three quarters, and under-five child mortality by two thirds, of their current rates.
• To have, by then, halted, and begun to reverse, the spread of HIV/AIDS, the scourge of malaria and other major diseases that afflict humanity.
• To provide special assistance to children orphaned by HIV/AIDS.
• By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers as proposed in the “Cities Without Slums” initiative.
• To promote gender equality and the empowerment of women as effective ways to combat poverty, hunger and disease and to stimulate development that is truly sustainable.
• To develop and implement strategies that give young people everywhere a real chance to find decent and productive work.
• To encourage the pharmaceutical industry to make essential drugs more widely available and affordable by all who need them in developing countries.
• To develop strong partnerships with the private sector and with civil society organizations in pursuit of development and poverty eradication.
• To ensure that the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communication technologies, in conformity with recommendations contained in the ECOSOC 2000 Ministerial Declaration, are available to all.
Worldwide, the mortality rate for children under five dropped by 41 per cent—from 87 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 57 in 2011. Despite this enormous accomplishment, more rapid progress is needed to meet the 2015 target of a two- thirds reduction in child deaths.
Since the adoption of the MDGs in 2000, the rate of decline in under-five mortality has accelerated globally and in many regions. Sub-Saharan Africa—with the highest child death rate in the world—has doubled its average rate of reduction from 1.5 per cent a year in 1990–2000 to 3.1 per cent a year in 2000–2011. In sub-Saharan Africa but also other regions, countries with the highest child mortality rates are driving the downward trend: 45 out of 66 such countries have increased their rates of reduction over the previous decade. Still, the pace of change must accelerate even further, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia, if the MDG target is to be met.
f the MDG target is to be met, efforts must concentrate on those countries and regions where the most child deaths occur and where child death rates are highest. India and Nigeria, for example, account for more than a third of all deaths in children under five worldwide, while countries such as Sierra Leone and Somalia have under-five mortality rates of 180 or more per 1,000 live births. Of 49 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, only eight (Botswana, Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Nigeria and Rwanda) are expected to achieve the MDG target if current trends continue.
At the same time, systematic action is required to target the main causes of child death (pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria and undernutrition) and the most vulnerable children.
This includes a stronger focus on neonatal mortality, which is now a driving factor in child mortality overall. Simple, cost-effective interventions such as postnatal home visits have proven effective in saving newborn lives.
Emerging evidence has shown alarming disparities in under-five mortality within countries, and these inequities must be addressed. Children born into
Worldwide, the number of people newly infected with HIV continues to fall, dropping 21 per cent from 2001 to 2011. Still, an estimated 2.5 million people were infected with HIV in 2011—most of them (1.8 million) in sub-Saharan Africa. Over a decade, new infections in that region fell by 25 per cent. They dropped by
43 per cent in the Caribbean, the sharpest decline of any region, resulting in an estimated 13,000 new infections in 2011.
Despite progress overall, trends in some regions are worrisome. In the Caucasus and Central Asia, for example, the incidence of HIV has more than doubled since 2001. An estimated 27,000 people were newly infected in that region in 2011.
About 820,000 women and men aged 15 to 24 were newly infected with HIV in 2011 in low- and middle- income countries; more than 60 per cent of them were women. Young women are more vulnerable to HIV infection due to a complex interplay of physiological factors and gender inequality. Because of their low economic and social status in many countries, women and girls are often at a disadvantage when it comes
to negotiating safer sex and accessing HIV prevention information and services.
Leave no one behind:
Not only aggregated data, but specially looking at those least well off: poorest strata, vulnerable groups. And make explicit that the target cannot be reach without including them.