This document discusses the four states of matter: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. It explains their properties based on the kinetic theory and the arrangement and energy of their particles. Solids have tightly packed, vibrating particles, giving them a definite shape and volume. Liquids also have tightly packed particles, but they can slide over each other, allowing liquids to flow while maintaining a definite volume. Gases have particles with much energy and freedom of movement, so they have indefinite shapes and volumes and are easily compressed. Plasma is an ionized gas that is the most common state of matter at very high temperatures over 1,000,000 Kelvin, found in flames, lightning, auroras, and stars
This presentation is about the changes which we see in our day to day lives. These changes are classified into two types. Physical And Chemical Changes
This presentation is about the changes which we see in our day to day lives. These changes are classified into two types. Physical And Chemical Changes
The Magic of Matter is about the basic information about matter-its properties , states and behavior. It also gives us idea that matter in anything that has weight, volume and occupies space
Solid state of matter has a definite volume and definite shapes.
Molecules of solids have lowest kinetic energies but they possess vibrational energies. Solids can be classifies as crystalline and amorphous solids.
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
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The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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3. STATES OF MATTER :
Based on particle arrangement
Based on energy of particles
Based on distance between
particles
4. A. The Kinetic Theory (explains how the matter behaves)
1. All matter is composed of small particles
(atoms, molecules, or ions).
2.They are in constant, random motion.
3. They constantly collide with each other
and with the walls of their container.
6. SOLIDS
Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Solids
Solids have a definite shape and a definite
volume because the particles are locked into
place
Solids are not easily compressible because there
is little free space between particles
Solids do not flow easily because the particles
cannot move/slide past one another
They don’t expand because of the same reason
7. Particles of liquids
are tightly packed,
but have enough
energy to slide over
other particles
• COHESION=ENERGY
LIQUID
8. LIQUID
Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Liquids
Liquids have an indefinite shape and flow easily
because the particles have energy and can
slide to each other.
Liquids are not easily compressible because
there is just a little free space between particles.
Liquids have definite volum because their
cohesion is still high and the particles can’t run
away.
10. GAS
Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Gases
Gases have an indefinite shape and an
indefinite volume because the particles have a
lot of energy and they move easily
Gases are easily compressible because there is
free space between particles.
Gases flow very easily because the particles
move randomly and very fast
11. But what happens if you raise the
temperature to super-high levels…
between
1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ?
Will everything
just be a gas?
12. A plasma is an
ionized gas.
A plasma is a very
good conductor of
electricity
Plasmas, like gases
have an indefinite
shape and an
indefinite volume.
Plasma is the
common stateof
matter
The negatively charged
electrons (yellow) are freely
streaming through the
positively charged ions (blue).
PLASMA
