The document summarizes the findings of an evaluation of a $2.5M grant program aimed at developing the additive manufacturing workforce in Northeast Ohio. Key findings include: 1) the AM industry is growing globally and in the region, with regional stakeholders like America Makes playing a key role; 2) businesses investing in AM have experienced sales and employment growth, while manufacturing overall has declined; and 3) there is little demand for direct AM production workers but demand for AM skills among designers, engineers, and drafters which pay well and are stable occupations. Educational programs should train students in broader skillsets and meet employers' needs for these occupations.

1. The New Growth Group, LLC
1427 East 36th Street, Suite 2004A 216.471.8228
Cleveland, Ohio 44114 www.newgrowthgroup.com
State of the Additive
Manufacturing Workforce in
Northeast Ohio
September 8th-9th, 2016

2. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
State of AM Workforce - Agenda
• Project Background
• Contracted (required) third-party independent grant
evaluation
• Summary of Themes
• Key findings from research and analyses
• Quantifying the Themes
• Breaking down research and analyses
• Action Items & Key Takeaways
• Q & A

3. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
Project Background
Evaluating a $2.5M grant
Difference in Differences
Plan with Implementation
Assessment
Comparisons
Execute Adjust and Fill in Holes
Graphs
Order Frequency by Spend ($K)
$1,500.0
$1,000.0
$100.
0
$900.
0$700.
0
0
500 $400.0
1,00
0
Spend ($K)
1,500

4. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
Problem Solving
The program, and thus the evaluation, have continually evolved.
Initial Concept
• Program development: Five new
AM certificates of achievement; a
new one-year certificate; leading
into existing associates
• Integrate developmental education
acceleration strategies
• Implement new advising and career
coaching technologies for students
Challenges
• USDOL budget approval delays
(non-standard grant award at
outset)
• Creating all new programs; time-
consuming approval processes
• Staffing: project leadership turnover;
finding and hiring AM expertise
• Job market and skill set learning curve
• Low participant enrollments
• Low demand in job market for AM
technical workers
36 month period of performance:
Oct 2012 – Sep 2015, later granted
a 6 mo. extension

5. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
Evolution
• Five new s/t certs; a new one-year
cert
• Engage employers in design;
internships
• Enhance w/ cohorts, learning
communities, block sched, and
hybrid learning
Program
Development
Proposed Actual
• Two new s/t certs; a new one-year
cert
• On track; emerging
• Hybrid learning only
• Assessment/ placement prep and
retake process
• Embed contextualized
developmental content into
certificate programming;
supplement with bridge programs
Developmental
Education
Acceleration
• Utilizing existing college processes
• Still emerging; limited need to date
for a new dev ed strategy among
recruited set of AM students
• Upgrade existing advising
technologies
• Require career coaching and
advising for all participants
• Integrate a Prior Learning Credit
process
• Partner with One Stops
Technology-
enabled career
coaching and
advising
• Intro to AM online course developed with
Tooling U; EMSI Career Assessment
purchased but not implemented
• Career coaching required
• Relying on college’s overall effort to
utilize prior learning tools
• Coordination with One Stop has occured

6. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
Framing Tri-C’s role in the AM ecosystem
• This is an example of a community college
majorly participating and leading an economic
development effort.
• They are playing a convening and organizing
role in a sector that is in the process of
adopting a new technology.
• Business using and trying out AM are an
innovative and future-looking set of companies.

7. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
State of AM Workforce - Agenda
• Project Background
• Contracted (required) third-party independent grant
evaluation
• Summary of Themes
• Key findings from research and analyses
• Quantifying the Themes
• Breaking down research and analyses
• Action Items & Key Takeaways
• Q & A

8. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• AM industry is growing in jobs, revenue, and spread
of technology
• Key national stakeholders are located regionally
• Businesses who invest in AM are successful in sales and
employment
• Schools (Tri-C) must be careful to not put the cart
before the horse; meet the demand where it is
• There is little demand for AM production workers
• There is demand among prototyping and design workers
• AM is a skill set adopted within many occupations
• Engineers, designers, and drafters
• Jobs requiring AM skills pay well and are steady
Themes
Key findings throughout research

9. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
State of AM Workforce - Agenda
• Project Background
• Contracted (required) third-party independent grant
evaluation
• Summary of Themes
• Key findings from research and analyses
• Quantifying the Themes
• Breaking down research and analyses
• Action Items & Key Takeaways
• Q & A

10. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Primary AM
revenue of
products and
services: $4.1
billion in 2014
• $21.3 billion
predicted growth
by 2020
AM industry is growing and successful
Growth occurring worldwide
Source: Wohlers, 2015

11. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Our region is unique
• America Makes:
National Additive
Manufacturing
Innovation Institute
• Youngstown Business
Incubator: #1
university-affiliated
business incubator;
Offers funding for 3D
printing start-ups
AM industry is growing and successful
Growth occurring regionally, and stakeholders are a key to success

12. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Over 350 businesses
in the region
• 18-county Northeast
Ohio region is used
for analyses
AM industry is growing and successful
Many businesses and stakeholders are involved with AM
Source: NETS, 2013

13. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• AM-related businesses
grown in sales in last 10
years
• $4.8 billion total sales in
2004
• $5.4 billion total sales in
2013
• 13% increase
• Manufacturing has seen a
decline in sales in last 10
years
• $71.7 billion total sales in
2004
• $65.8 billion total sales in
2013
• 8% decrease
Sales growth
Indexed Sales
113
100
92
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
AM Index Manufacturing Index

14. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• AM-related businesses have
grown in employment in last
10 years
• 2004: 42,018 total
employees
• 2013: 48,318 total
employees
• 15% increase
• Manufacturing has declined
in employment in last 10
years
• 2004: 566,146 total
employees
• 2013: 534,240 total
employees
• 6% decrease
Employment growth
Indexed Employment
115
100
94
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
AM Index Manufacturing Index

15. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Low demand for
workers whose
primary job function is
AM
• When expanding the
definition, potential
grows to 1% of total
job market (about
20,000 jobs)
Aligning training programs with business needs is a
key storyline
500
5000
20000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Individuals
directly
involved in AM
production
Individuals
secondarily
involved in AM
production
Occupations
that utilize skills
relevant in AM

16. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Engineering, Bachelor’s Level:
• Industrial Engineers
• Mechanical Engineers
• Aerospace Engineers
• Engineers, All Other
• Engineering, Associate’s Level:
• Industrial Engineering Technicians
• Mechanical Engineering Technicians
• Engineering Technicians, All Other
• Mechanical Drafters
• Designers
• Commercial and Industrial Designers
• Graphic Designers
AM is a skillset within occupations
AM-related jobs

17. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
AM jobs are holding their own against a receding
tide
12,485
11,770 11,548
3,770 3,551 3,414
1,411 1,196 1,123
4,565
4,144 4,053
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Engineers, Bachelor's Level Engineers, Associate's Level Drafters Designers

18. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Numerous institutions incorporate elements of AM into
curricula
• Community colleges (4)
• 4-year institutions (5)
• Typically in:
• Engineering
• Design
• Drafting
Tri-C has the only dedicated AM program

19. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
• Over 600 students
graduated with an AM-
related award the
2014-2015
• 76% were Bachelor’s
degree or higher
• Individuals completing
below bachelors that
gain AM-related
employment tend to be
people with prior skills
(other education or
work experience)
Certificate
Length
Number of
Completers
Short-Term 23
Long-Term 55
AAS 73
Bachelor’s 385
Master’s 87
Doctorate 13
Total 636
AM is a skill within a broader occupation
Educational institutions are anticipating demand
Number of students
earning AM-related
certificates; 2014-2015

20. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
AM is a skill within a broader occupation
Key skills for the different occupations
Job Description Hard Skills Needed Soft Skills Needed
Engineering Occupations, Bachelor's Level:
 Aerospace Engineers
 Industrial Engineers
 Mechanical Engineers
 Engineers, All Other
 Testing
 Research
 Analysis
 Mechanical Engineering
 Materials
 Computer-Aided Design
 AutoCAD
 SolidWorks
 Automation
 Tooling
 Operations
 New Product Development
 Critical Thinking
 Fine Motor Skills
 Reliability
Engineering Occupations, Associate's Level:
 Industrial Engineering Technicians
 Mechanical Engineering Technicians
 Engineering Technicians, Except
Drafters, All Other
 Manufacturing
 Testing
 Data Collection
 Operations
 Materials
 Maintenance
 Management
 Repairing
 Machining
 Post-Production
 Welding
 Mechanical Aptitude
 Engineering
 Mathematics (Trig/Geometry)
 Communication
 Literacy
 Fine Motor Skills
 Imagination
Mechanical Drafters
 AutoCAD
 Computer-Aided Design
 Product Drafting
 Product Development
 Engineering
 SolidWorks
 Materials
 Microsoft Office
 Tooling
 Mathematics (Trig/Geometry)
 Learning
 Literacy
 Creativity
 Visualization
Designers:
 Commercial and Industrial Designers
 Graphic Designers
 Engineering
 Computer-Aided Design
 Innovation
 New Product Development
 Management
 Product Design
 SolidWorks
 Mathematics
(Calculus/Trig/Geometry)
 Sales
 Marketing / Cost-
Effectiveness
 Creativity
 Persuasive
Communication
 Team Management
 Ethics
 Brainstorming

21. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
State of AM Workforce - Agenda
• Project Background
• Contracted (required) third-party independent grant
evaluation
• Summary of Themes
• Key findings from research and analyses
• Quantifying the Themes
• Breaking down research and analyses
• Action Items & Key Takeaways
• Q & A

22. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
Action Items & Key Takeaways
• Industry leaders need to stay up-to-date on new
technological advancements
• Educational institutions have an important role pushing
new information out to the field
• Educational programs train students with skillsets
that have broader applications
• AM Skills are important to employers, but employers
rarely hire AM-specific employees
• People with a background in an AM-relevant fields
will get high value from education in AM
coursework
• Designers, engineers, and drafters will get high value
from short-term certificates

23. The New Growth Group, LLC
www.newgrowthgroup.com
State of AM Workforce - Agenda
• Project Background
• Contracted (required) third-party independent grant
evaluation
• Summary of Themes
• Key findings from research and analyses
• Quantifying the Themes
• Breaking down research and analyses
• Action Items & Key Takeaways
• Q & A