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Standing Waves
By Brigette Wee
 Standing waves are harmonic waves with equal amplitude,
wavelength, and frequency that are moving in opposite
directions of each other
 Phase constant is 0 (for mathematical simplicity)
 Represented by:
 If two 2 standing waves are moving, each segment of the string
oscillates in SHM with frequency and amplitude varying along the
string
 For a string oscillating in a standing wave:
What is it?
• Since amplitude is a sine function of position, there are point
on the strong that have 0 amplitude
• Node: Amplitude equals 0; A(x)=0
• Location of nodes:
A(x)=0
The distance between two
consecutive nodes
Is half of the wavelength
Nodes
Antinodes
 Antinode: the points where it is moving at maximum
amplitude (2A)
 Location of antinodes:
The distance between two
consecutive nodes
Is half of the wavelength
Lets try a problem…
 As illustrated below, a water pipe has a standing wave
pattern with 4 nodes and 4 antinodes. The frequency of
sound is 250 Hz and a sound wave travels with a speed of
300m/s
 What is the length of the water tube?
Question 1
 Since the distance between consecutives antinodes is half a
wavelength and the distance between an adjacent node and
antinode is a quarter of a wavelength (see diagram)
 7/4(λ)= L
 So first we need to find λ:
 V=λ f
 λ =v/f=(300m/s)/(250Hz)
 λ =1.2m
 So back to 7/4(λ)= L
 L= (7/4)(1.2m)
 L=2.1m
Solution to Q1
Thank you for watching
 Physics for Scientist and Engineers An Interactive
Approach by Hawkes, Iqbal, Mansour Milner-Bolotin,
Williams
Work cited

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Standing waves

  • 2.  Standing waves are harmonic waves with equal amplitude, wavelength, and frequency that are moving in opposite directions of each other  Phase constant is 0 (for mathematical simplicity)  Represented by:  If two 2 standing waves are moving, each segment of the string oscillates in SHM with frequency and amplitude varying along the string  For a string oscillating in a standing wave: What is it?
  • 3. • Since amplitude is a sine function of position, there are point on the strong that have 0 amplitude • Node: Amplitude equals 0; A(x)=0 • Location of nodes: A(x)=0 The distance between two consecutive nodes Is half of the wavelength Nodes
  • 4. Antinodes  Antinode: the points where it is moving at maximum amplitude (2A)  Location of antinodes: The distance between two consecutive nodes Is half of the wavelength
  • 5. Lets try a problem…
  • 6.  As illustrated below, a water pipe has a standing wave pattern with 4 nodes and 4 antinodes. The frequency of sound is 250 Hz and a sound wave travels with a speed of 300m/s
  • 7.  What is the length of the water tube? Question 1
  • 8.  Since the distance between consecutives antinodes is half a wavelength and the distance between an adjacent node and antinode is a quarter of a wavelength (see diagram)  7/4(λ)= L  So first we need to find λ:  V=λ f  λ =v/f=(300m/s)/(250Hz)  λ =1.2m  So back to 7/4(λ)= L  L= (7/4)(1.2m)  L=2.1m Solution to Q1
  • 9. Thank you for watching
  • 10.  Physics for Scientist and Engineers An Interactive Approach by Hawkes, Iqbal, Mansour Milner-Bolotin, Williams Work cited