The spleen arises in the embryo and is located in the left hypochondrium between the stomach and diaphragm along the 10th rib. It filters blood, destroys old red blood cells, stores platelets, and mounts immune responses to antigens. Plain radiographs can detect the spleen as a soft tissue shadow while ultrasound and CT scans provide information about its size, shape, and consistency. Radioisotope scans determine position and size when other imaging is inconclusive.

1. Spleen Spleen and Liver injuries. Function: Response to antigenic challenge.- there is proifration of both t&b lymphocyte results in both humoral & cell mediated imunity in response of antigenic challenge Destruction of abnormally shaped / rigid red cells. Phagocytosis of foreign bodies. Platelet reservoir. 30-40% platelets are reserved in spleen. in splenomegaly it may contain upto 80% of platelete erythrocyte production- 4th month up to birth

2. Spleen Spleen and Liver injuries. The Spleen: The spleen arises from mesenchymal differentiation along the dorsal mesogasrium in the 8 mm embryo. Situation- in the left hypochondrium between fundus of the stomach & diaphragm along the axis of 10 th rib, from 9 th to 11 th rib. it is in contact with adrenal gland, upper pole of kidny, pancreas & splenic flexure of kidney. Weight- 75-150 gm

3. Spleen Spleen and Liver injuries. plain radiograph: spleen is seen as a soft tissue shadow at upper abdomen. calcification suggests old infarct/hydatid cyst. multiple CALCIFICATIONS suggests tuberculosis. Scanning USG: provieds about the information of size, consistency & shape ct scan is very much helpful where usg is not conclusive radio isotope scanning : gives information about posiion & size. portal & splenic venogram.

4. Spleen and Liver Injuries