We have all heard of Financial speculation, which involves the buying & selling of stocks, bonds, currencies, real estate or any other valuable financial instrument owing to anticipated fluctuations in its price with the aim of profiting from it.
explain about techniques for hedging transaction exposure, how to used hedge future, option, money market for payable and receivable, comparing techniques for hedging vs not-hedging
explain about techniques for hedging transaction exposure, how to used hedge future, option, money market for payable and receivable, comparing techniques for hedging vs not-hedging
Meaning of Term Structure of Interest Rates
Significance of Term Structure of Interest Rates
What is Yield Curve?
A spot rate and a forward Rate
Theories of Term Structure of Interest Rates
Determination of exchange rate chapter 6Nayan Vaghela
Determination of exchange rate, mint par theory, balance of payment theory, Purchasing power parity theory, Absolute version and relative version, Criticisms
For Videos use the links below
0 Course Introduction:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9km4aXTus5c
1 Financial system and Environment : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC2bAftm43c
2 Participants in a Financial System: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEv_y7_aR7o
3 Functions of a Financial System: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T73-Dd8RM4I
4 Financial System and its components: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovkAjEO8YAw
5 Efficiency of a financial system: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xEUtvKYvPc
Real assets are generally the physical assets that help a company to generate revenue. These are the assets that a business or investor owns, such as land, building, and more.
https://efinancemanagement.com/financial-accounting/real-vs-financial-assets
Meaning of Term Structure of Interest Rates
Significance of Term Structure of Interest Rates
What is Yield Curve?
A spot rate and a forward Rate
Theories of Term Structure of Interest Rates
Determination of exchange rate chapter 6Nayan Vaghela
Determination of exchange rate, mint par theory, balance of payment theory, Purchasing power parity theory, Absolute version and relative version, Criticisms
For Videos use the links below
0 Course Introduction:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9km4aXTus5c
1 Financial system and Environment : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC2bAftm43c
2 Participants in a Financial System: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEv_y7_aR7o
3 Functions of a Financial System: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T73-Dd8RM4I
4 Financial System and its components: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovkAjEO8YAw
5 Efficiency of a financial system: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xEUtvKYvPc
Real assets are generally the physical assets that help a company to generate revenue. These are the assets that a business or investor owns, such as land, building, and more.
https://efinancemanagement.com/financial-accounting/real-vs-financial-assets
The Foreign Exchange, also referred to as the "Forex" or "Spot FX" market, is the largest financial market in the world, with over $1.2 trillion changing hands every single day. This paper is about trading and managing risk in that fast moving market.
Beginner’s Guide to Forex Fund Management & Its BenefitsAllied Asset Funds
A forex fund management firm consists of a team of experienced professionals, and typically assigns a forex fund manager to operate your account with only one objective in mind: help grow your investment, while ensuring it remains safe from any risks posed by the vagaries of the forex market. If you want investments to feature among the best forex managed accounts at the end of a financial year, then your chances improve significantly by employing the services of a firm.
Return on Net Worth (RONW) is used in finance as a measure of a company’s profitability. It reveals how much profit a company generates with the money that the equity shareholders have invested.
Capital Employed is represented as total assets minus current liabilities. In other words, it is the value of the assets that contribute to a company’s ability to generate revenue
In finance, the yield curve is the relation between the interest rate (or cost of borrowing) and the time to maturity of the debt for a given borrower in a given currency.
Simply put, a budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. The opposite of a budget deficit, on the other hand, is a budget surplus.
The expenses that the government incurs is always more than the income it makes. This difference or deficit is known as “Fiscal Deficit”. It is expressed as a percentage of GDP.
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
This presentation poster infographic delves into the multifaceted impacts of globalization through the lens of Nike, a prominent global brand. It explores how globalization has reshaped Nike's supply chain, marketing strategies, and cultural influence worldwide, examining both the benefits and challenges associated with its global expansion.
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Nike Supply Chain
Globalization of Nike
Nike Manufacturing Process
Rubber Materials Nike
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Nike
Genuine Leather Nike
Synthetic Leather Nike
Cotton in Nike Apparel
Nike Shops Worldwide
Nike Manufacturing Countries
Cold Cement Assembly Nike
3D Printing Nike Shoes
Nike Product Development
Nike Marketing Strategies
Nike Customer Feedback
Nike Distribution Centers
Automation in Nike Manufacturing
Nike Consumer Direct Acceleration
Nike Logistics and Transport
Yes of course, you can easily start mining pi network coin today and sell to legit pi vendors in the United States.
Here the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
#pi network #pi coins #legit #passive income
#US
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
5 Tips for Creating Standard Financial ReportsEasyReports
Well-crafted financial reports serve as vital tools for decision-making and transparency within an organization. By following the undermentioned tips, you can create standardized financial reports that effectively communicate your company's financial health and performance to stakeholders.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
2. Understanding Speculative
Attacks
We have all heard of Financial speculation, which involves the
buying & selling of stocks, bonds, currencies, real estate or any other
valuable financial instrument owing to anticipated fluctuations in its
price with the aim of profiting from it.
3. Simply put…
Financial Speculation is the process of selecting investment on higher risk in order
to profit from an anticipated price movement.
Speculation should be considered purely as a form of gambling, as speculators do
make informed decisions before choosing to acquire the additional risk. In that
sense, it is a positive, though risky form of investing.
But speculation cannot be categorized as a traditional investment because the
acquired risk is higher than investment.
4. So what are Speculative
Attacks?
A Speculative Attack, on the other hand, refers to massive selling of domestic
‘currency’ in the forex market triggered by misinformation spread by speculators with
the aim of profiting from the process.
In that sense, it becomes a negative form of investing based on greed.
5. How are Speculative Attacks
set in motion?
To give an example, if investors think that the present exchange rate (say Rs. 40 for
$1) is overvalued, they might expect a devaluation (to, say, Rs. 42 for $1) in the
near future. This is what is called a negative expectation.
Some greedy speculators spread misinformation about a possible devaluation in the
near future in keeping with the negative expectations and spread panic in the
market.
6. So…
Before the attack these speculators buy and hold foreign
currency and when the devaluation in the domestic currency
takes place, they exchange their foreign currency for a higher
sum and thereby profit from it.
7. Now…
This triggers panic in the market causing a lot of other investors to also convert
their domestic currencies to foreign currencies en masse to escape this loss of Rs.
2 (Rs. 42 – Rs. 40).
If the speculators had purchased foreign currency (at Rs. 40 for $1) before
devaluation, then they would now earn a profit on it (by selling it to people at, say,
Rs. 41 for $1 which would still be lower than the expected Rs. 42).
8. Thus…
This possibility of earning a profit by artificially creating a fear of suffering a
loss is what sets the wheels of speculative attack in motion.
9. How does one fight it?
Plan A: The central bank (the RBI) acting as a guardian of the exchange rate
creates a ‘fixed exchange rate’ system.
To give an example, it starts selling foreign currency at a fixed rate of say Rs. 40
to undercut the greedy investors (who are selling it at Rs. 41) by using the money
lying in its reserves.
10. Now…
If the attack has been engineered by misguided investors, then timely intervention
by the central bank may help stem the problem.
But if the problem leads to a fundamental economic weakness, like depleting the
reserves of the central bank, then Plan A may not suffice and the government
would have to look at an alternate measure.
11. So Plan B…
The central bank may simultaneously raise ‘domestic interest rates’, which makes
investment in domestic currency more lucrative.
High interest rates also make it difficult to obtain domestic currency on credit for
speculating in the forex market.
This may help in controlling speculative attacks but may hurt the domestic
economy.
13. So Plan C…
‘Capital Fasting’ in the forex market may also be used in the form of capital
controls. The central bank may severely restrict the limit up to which residents can
purchase foreign currency.
But, use of capital controls during a crisis can seriously affect capital inflows in the
future.
After all, nobody would like to go to a theatre that shuts all the doors during a fire to
prevent a stampede.
14. Ultimately…
The central bank also has to take note of all costs incurred to implement either
Plan A, B or C and their respective benefits.
If the costs outweigh benefits, and if there is a genuine demand for foreign
currency, then the central bank may even let the currency devalue.