Spatangoid trace fossils

Jordi M. de Gibert Modes of preservation of spatangoid burrows with special emphasis on intensely-bioturbated Bichordites ichnofabrics in the Bateig Calcarenites (Miocene, SE Spain)

London, England Novelda, Spain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.habitas.org.uk Echinocardium cordatum Since the advent and diversification of spatangoids, the upper tiers of shallow and deep marine sediments must have been subject to intensive and rapid bioturbation on a scale previously unknown. SOME DATA ON SPATANGOIDS AND THEIR BURROWING ACTIVITY

Maretia sp. Since the advent and diversification of spatangoids, the upper tiers of shallow and deep marine sediments must have been subject to intensive and rapid bioturbation on a scale previously unknown. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Micraster coranguinum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],THE ECHINOID DIRECTORY www.nhm.ac.uk ,[object Object]

Schizaster eurynotus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cylindrichnus ichnofabric, Miocene, Spain

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Brissopsis papiolensis

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Echinocardium THE ECHINOID DIRECTORY www.nhm.ac.uk Scolicia -Miocene – Morocco

SCENARIOS OF PRESERVATION 1. In relation with lithological interfaces in event beds ,[object Object],[object Object],Scolicia ( Subphyllochorda preservation, hyporelief) Scolicia ( Taphrhelminthospsis preservation, hyporelief) Paleocene – Swiss Alps Scolicia (epirelief) Eocene–Aragonese Pyrennees Eocene – Aragonese Pyrennees

SCENARIOS OF PRESERVATION 1. In relation with lithological interfaces in event beds ,[object Object],[object Object],Bichordites (hyporelief)– Miocene – Swiss Alps Bichordites and Cardioichnus (epirelief) Miocene - Catalonia Scolicia and Cardioichnus (hyporelief) Pliocene - Catalonia

SCENARIOS OF PRESERVATION 2. In frozen profiles below event beds ,[object Object],[object Object],Scolicia Miocene – Malta Goldring et al. 2002 Cylindrichnus Scolicia

SCENARIOS OF PRESERVATION 3. In diverse fully bioturbated ichnofabrics ,[object Object],[object Object],Miocene - Patagonia Pliocene - Roussillon

SCENARIOS OF PRESERVATION 4. Spatangoid-produced ichnofabrics: the Bateig scenario ,[object Object],[object Object],Bateig Fantasia -Miocene - Alicante

single sanitary tube: diagnostic feature of the ichnogenus Bichordites BICHORDITES ICHNOFABRIC: horizontal view Ophiomorpha Palaeophycus Planolites grain selection

BICHORDITES ICHNOFABRIC: vertical view

BICHORDITES TRACEMAKER: Maretia sp.

ICHNOSTRATIGRAPHY Ciclo 1 Ciclo 2 Ciclo 3? Ciclo 4? Bichordites ichnofabric mottled - Palaeophycus ichnofabric mottled – Ophiomorpha ichnofabric Ophiomorpha – primary lamination ichnofabric

DEPOSITIONAL INTERPRETATION Deposition of grain flow event beds rapidly colonised by spatangoids Sedimentation under control of shelf currents once fault scarp atenuated Erosion due to fault (re)activation. Rapid deposition

[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],mottled - Palaeophycus ichnofabric mottled – Ophiomorpha ichnofabric

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Holocene – Atlantic – Fu and Werner 2000

FORMATION OF SCOLICIA - BICHORDITES ICHNOFABRICS Short colonization window Absence of deeper-tier bioturbators Succesive sedimentation events Fully marine conditions Texturally heterogeneous sediment

Thanks for your attention.. ... and thanks, Roland

Spatangoid trace fossils

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Spatangoid trace fossils