- A sparged vessel, also known as a bubble column, is a cylindrical vessel with a gas distributor at the bottom that introduces gas bubbles into a liquid phase. It is commonly used in chemical processes involving reactions that require gas-liquid contact. - Gas is introduced through the sparger at the bottom of the vessel, where it forms bubbles that rise up through the liquid phase. Common sparger types include perforated plates, porous plates, membranes, and ring distributors. The size and type of sparger impacts bubble characteristics. - Sparged vessels provide advantages like excellent heat and mass transfer, low maintenance costs, and lack of moving parts. However, they are not fully understood due to the complexity

1. BINESWAR BRAHMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
ASSAM,KOKRAJHAR(BTR)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (5th sem)
TOPIC: SPARGED VESSEL (BUBBLE COLUMN)
Submitted by
• Swapnajyoti Das (200910010050)
• Dip Das (200910010022)
• Parag Das (200910010038)
• Madhurjya Kalita (200910010032)
• Imdadul Ali (200910010027)

2. INTRODUCTION:
 A Sparged Vessel is basically a cylindrical vessel with a gas distributor at
the bottom.
 Sparged Vessel are intensively utilized as multiphase contactors and
reactors in chemical, petrochemical, biochemical and metallurgical
industries .
 They are used especially in chemical processes involving reactions such as
oxidation, chlorination, alkylation, polymerization and hydrogenation, in the
gas conversion processes and in fermentation and biological wastewater
treatment .
 Some other chemical applications are the indirect coal liquefaction process
to produce transportation fuels, methanol synthesis, and manufacture of
other synthetic fuels which are environmentally much more advantageous
over petroleum-derived fuels .

3. INTRODUCTION:
Sparged Vessel normally have circular
cross section provided with inlet and
outlet for gas as well as liquid separately.
The liquid flows from the top part of the
reactor cross section and the gas flows
from the bottom part of the reactor cross
section.
The gas is sparged in the form of bubbles
into either a liquid phase or a liquid-solid
suspension.

4. TYPES OF SPARGED VESSEL:
Bu

5. GAS SPARGER:
 Gas sparger type is an important parameter that can alter bubble
characteristics which in turn affects gas holdup values and thus
many other parameters characterizing bubble columns.
 The sparger used definitely determines the bubble sizes observed in
the column. Small orifice diameter plates enable the formation of
smaller sized bubbles.
 Some common gas sparger types that are used are perforated plate,
porous plate, membrane, ring type distributors and arm spargers. The
smaller the bubbles, the greater the gas holdup values.

6. MASS TRANSFER:
 In practically all the gas-bubble liquid systems, the liquid-phase
mass-transfer resistance is strongly controlling, and gas-phase
coefficients are not needed. The liquid-phase coefficients, to
within about 15%, are correlated by ,
 In most cases the liquid will be stirred well enough to permit solute
concentrations in the liquid to be considered uniform throughout the
vessel.

7. APPLICATIONS:
 Three-phase bubble column reactors are widely employed in
reaction engineering, i.e. in the presence of a catalyst and in
biochemical applications where microorganisms are utilized as
solid suspensions in order to manufacture industrially valuable
bioproducts.
 Some very well known chemical applications are the famous Fischer-
Tropsch process which is the indirect coal liquefaction process to
produce transportation fuels, methanol synthesis, and manufacture of
other synthetic fuels which are environmentally much more
advantageous over petroleum- derived fuels .

8. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES:
 Bubble column reactors provide advantages both in design and
operation as compared to other reactors.
 They have excellent heat and mass transfer characteristics, meaning
high heat and mass transfer coefficients.
 Little maintenance and low operating costs are required.
 Lack of moving parts and compactness.
 The durability of the catalyst or other packing material is high.
 Bubble columns are still not well understood due to the fact that most
of these studies are often oriented on only one phase, i.e. either liquid
or gas.

9. THANK YOU