The document discusses solo and choral music. It provides biographies of two famous Filipino composers - Lucio San Pedro and Felipe De Leon. It explains that a solo is a musical piece performed by one person unaccompanied, while a choral piece is composed for and sung by a choir. It also outlines the criteria for being proclaimed a National Artist of the Philippines, the highest honor bestowed by the state for significant contributions to Philippine arts.

1. Solo and Choral Music
By: Limu Betil and Marian Mahilum
7-Earth

2. What is a solo?
Solo is a thing done by one person unaccompanied
or perform something unaccompanied, in
particular.

3. What is a choral?
A choral is composed for or sung by a
choir or chorus.

4. Vocal Music Composition
• Musical composition can refer to an original piece of music, the structure
of a musical piece, or the process of creating a new piece of music. People
who practice composition are called composers.
• Composition consists in two things only. The first is the ordering and
disposing of several sounds in such a manner that their succession pleases
the ear. This is what the Ancients called melody. The second is the
rendering audible of two or more simultaneous sounds in such a manner
that their combination is pleasant. This is what we call harmony, and it
alone merits the name of composition.

5. Examples of Solo Choral music
• Sa Ugoy ng Duyan (Lucio San Pedro)
• Payapang Daigdig (Felipe De Leon)

6. Sa Ugoy Ng Duyan
Sana'y di nagmaliw ang dati kong araw
Nang munti pang bata sa piling ni Nanay
Nais kong maulit ang awit ni Inang mahal
Awit ng pag-ibig habang ako'y nasa duyan
Sana'y di nagmaliw ang dati kong araw
Nang munti pang bata sa piling ni Nanay
Nais kong maulit ang awit ni Inang mahal
Awit ng pag-ibig habang ako'y nasa duyan
Refrain:
Sa aking pagtulog na labis ang himbing
Ang bantay ko'y tala, ang tanod ko'y bituin
Sa piling ni Nanay, langit ay buhay
Puso kong may dusa sabik sa ugoy ng duyan

7. Sana'y di nagmaliw ang dati kong araw
Nang munti pang bata sa piling ni Nanay
Nais kong maulit ang awit ni Inang mahal
Awit ng pag-ibig habang ako'y nasa duyan
Sa aking pagtulog na labis ang himbing
Ang bantay ko'y tala, ang tanod ko'y bituin
Sa piling ni Nanay, langit ay buhay
Puso kong may dusa sabik sa ugoy ng duyan
Nais kong matulog sa dating duyan ko, Inay
Oh! Inay

8. Payapang Daigdig
Ang gabi'y payapa
Lahat ay tahimik
Pati mga tala
Sa bughaw na langit
Kay hinhin ng hangin
Waring umiibig
Sa kapayapaan
Ng buong daigdig

9. Payapang panahon
Ay diwa ng buhay
Biyaya ng Diyos
Sa sangkatauhan
Ang gabi'y payapa
Lahat ay tahimik
Pati mga tala
Sa bughaw na langit

10. Famous Filipino Vocal Music
Composers
• Lucio San Pedro
(February 11, 1913 – March 31, 2002)
• Felipe De Leon
(May 1, 1912 – May 1 2012)

11. Lucio San Pedro
He was a Filipino composer and teacher.
San Pedro came from a family with
musical roots and he began his career
early. When he was still in his late teens,
he succeeded his deceased grandfather
as the local church organist. By then, he
had already composed songs, hymns and
two complete masses for voices and
orchestra. After studying with several
prominent musicians in the Philippines,
he took advanced composition training
with Bernard Wagenaar of the
Netherlands.

12. He also studied harmony and orchestration
under Vittorio Giannini and took classes at
Juilliard in 1947. His other vocation was
teaching. He has taught at the Ateneo de
Manila University, virtually all the major
music conservatories in Manila, and at the
College of Music of the University of the
Philippines, Diliman, where he retired as a
full professor in 1978. He later received the
title Professor Emeritus from the University
in 1979. He also became a faculty member
of the Centro Escolar University
Conservatory of Music in Manila.

13. On May 9, 1991, President Corazon C. Aquino proclaimed San
Pedro a National Artist of the Philippines for Music.
He married Gertrudes Díaz with whom he had five children:
Rhodora, Bienvenido, María Conchita, María Cristina and Lucio,
Jr. San Pedro died of cardiac arrest on March 31, 2002 in Quezon
City, at the age of 89. He is buried in his hometown of Angono,
Rizal. His orchestral music includes The Devil’s Bridge, Malakas
at Maganda overture, Prelude and Fugue in D minor, Hope and
Ambition; choral music includes Easter cantata, Sa Mahal kong
Bayan, Rizal’s Valedictory Poem; Vocal music include Lulay, Sa
Ugoy ng Duyan, In the Silence of the Night; and band music
Dance of the Fairies, Triumphal March, Lahing Kayumanggi,
Angononian March among others.

14. Felipe De Leon
He was a major Philippine composer,
conductor, and scholar. He was known best for
translating the lyrics of the Philippine National
Anthem from the original Spanish to Tagalog. A
recepient of numerous awards and honors, he
was posthumously named National Artist of
the Philippines for music in 1997. He was
married to Iluminada Bonus Mendoza and the
father of six equally gifted and musical
children: (in order of birth) Felipe Mendoza de
Leon, Bayani de Leon, Tagumpay de Leon,
Luningning de Leon-Carbonell, Magdangal de
Leon and Marilag de Leon-Mendoza.

15. Felipe Padilla de Leon was born in Peñaranda, Nueva Ecija on May 1, 1912. He
was educated in Manila and the United States. He taught in various schools in
the capital city. He became conductor of Banda Malaya No. 1 of Taytay, Rizal.
He was known for Filipinizing western music forms. He was a prodigious
composer: for orchestra, Mariang Makiling Overture (1939), Roca Encantada
(1950), Maynila Overture (1976), Orchesterstuk (1981); for choral music,
Ako'y Pilipino, Lupang Tinubuan, and Ama Namin. De Leon wrote his famous
piece "Payapang Daigdig" the morning after he woke up to the destruction of
the city of Manila during World War II.He also wrote the classic songs
Bulaklak, Alitaptap, Mutya ng Lahi and the kundiman Sarong Banggi. He also
composed the first full-length Filipino opera, Noli Me Tangere, and
subsequently El Filibusterismo. Many Martial Law babies recall singing his
patriotic song " Bagong Lipunan" immediately after the national anthem.

16. He was conferred various awards and distinctions
including the Republic Cultural Heritage Award,
Doctor of Humanities from UP, Rizal Pro-Patria
Award, Presidential Award of Merit, Patnubay ng
Sining at Kalinangan Award from the City of Manila,
among others. On December 8, 1997 De Leon was
posthumously conferred by President Fidel V.
Ramos the highest honor a Filipino artist can
receive, the National Artist Award for music. He is
still considered the most prolific composer in
Philippine music. The Felipe Padilla de Leon High
School in Nueva Ecija was named after him. He
composed 327 compositions. Some of his
compositions are Ako’y Pilipino, Ala-ala Kita sa
Aking Pagtulog, Alay ng Kabataan, Ang Watawat,
Ang Wika, Banner of Victory , Bantig ng Watawat,
Dalawang Puso, Damit ni Inday, Payapang Daigdig,
Penaranda Hymn and many more.

17. What is a National Artist?
• A National Artist is a Filipino citizen who has
been given the rank and title of National Artist
in recognition of his or her significant
contributions to the development of
Philippine arts and letters.

18. How are National Artists proclaimed?
• The Order is the highest state honour conferred on individuals deemed as
having done much for their artistic field. Deserving individuals must have
been recommended by both the Cultural Center and the National
Commission on Culture and the Arts prior to receiving the award. Such
people are then titled, by virtue of a Presidential Proclamation, as
National Artist (Filipino: Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining, "National
Servant of the Arts Award"), and are inducted into the Order.
• Recipients attends a conferment ceremony at Malacañang Palace, where
the President bestows on them the insignia of the Order: an ornate, gilt
Collar and a small pin, both depicting the Order's emblem. In addition to
the Collar, each new Member is given a citation that is presented during
the conferment ceremony. The Cultural Center of the Philippines then
presents a Memorabilia Exhibit of the recipients' works, and holds a Gabi
ng Parangal (A Night of Tributes) for the National Artists at the Tanghalang
Pambansa.

19. Categories
• Music - composition, direction, and/or performance;
• Dance - choreography, direction and/or performance;
• Theater – direction, performance and/or production design;
• Visual Arts – painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography,
installation art, mixed media works, illustration, graphic arts,
performance art and/or imaging;
• Literature – poetry, fiction, essay, playwriting, journalism and/or
literary criticism;
• Film and Broadcast Arts – direction, writing, production design,
cinematography, editing, camera work, and/or performance; and
• Architecture, Design and Allied Arts – architecture design, interior
design, industrial arts design, landscape architecture and fashion
design.

20. Is there a criteria for being a National
Artist?
Nominations for National Artist of the Philippines are based on a broad
criteria, as set forth by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and the
National Commission on Culture and the Arts:
• Living artists who have been Filipino citizens for the last ten years
prior to nomination as well as those who have died after the
establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the
time of their death;
• Artists who have helped build a Filipino sense of nationhood
through the content and form of their works;
• Artists who have distinguished themselves by pioneering in a mode
of creative expression or style, making an impact on succeeding
generations of artists

21. • Artists who have created a significant body of works and/or have
consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form,
enriching artistic expression or style; and
• Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through prestigious national and/or
international recognition, awards in prestigious national and/or
international events, critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works, and/or
respect and esteem from peers within an artistic discipline.
Nominations are then submitted to the National Artist Secretariat that is
created by the National Artist Award Committee; experts from the different
art fields then sit on a First Deliberation to prepare the short list of nominees.
A Second Deliberation, which is a joint meeting of the Commissioners of the
NCCA and the Board of Trustees of the CCP, decides on the final
recomendees. The list is then forwarded to the President of the Philippines,
who, by Presidential Proclamation, proclaims the final nominees as members
of the Order of National Artists.