This document presents equipment and vehicles required for solid waste collection and transportation. It discusses litter bins, brooms, shovels, handcarts, mechanical road sweepers, and community bins used for waste collection. For transportation, it covers animal carts, auto vehicles, tractors and trailers, trucks, dumpers, and compactor vehicles. It also discusses decentralizing waste administration through ward-level management, delegating powers, and an organizational structure with roles for sanitary officers, inspectors, supervisors and engineers based on population.

1. A PRESENTATION ON EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED
FOR COLLECTION & TRANSPORTATION OF
SOLID WASTE & ORGANIZATIONAL
PATTERN

2. PRESENTED BY
Sanket Subhash Hasabe
Santosh Madhukar Kharat
Ajay Namdev Bandgar
Dheeraj Dhondiram Deshmukh
T.Y.Civil

3. EQUIPMENTS FOR
WASTE COLLECTION
 Litter Bin
 Broom
 Shovels
 Handcarts
 Mechanical Road Sweeper
 Community Bins

4. LITTER BIN
 Placed at the sides of roads.
 Used for collecting waste thrown by public moving on
road.
 Available in capacities of 60 & 150 litre.
 Must be able to withstand outdoor weather conditions
in India.
 Consists of plastic container.
 Provided with colour code for particular category.
 Provided at public places such as gardens, bakery,
etc.

5. BROOM
 Used for sweeping the streets.
 Length varies from 80 cm to 85 cm.
 Weight may be 1 kg.
 Handle is provided of bamboo generally
of 135 cm length & 3-4 cm diameter.
 Weight of handle is 0.9 kg.

6. SHOVELS
 Used for digging, lifting & moving bulk
materials like soil, coal, gravel, snow,
sand, garbage etc.
 Consists of short length handle.
 Made up of sheet steel or hard plastics.
 Also made up of wood & fiber glass.

7. HANDCARTS
 Fabricated of MS angle, Tee & flats.
 Consist 6 or 8 bins.
 Each of 25 litres capacity.
 It collects solid waste & transfer it to the
central collection collectors.
 Minimum size may be 1.01m × 0.7m ×
0.250m.

8. MECHANICAL ROAD
SWEEPER
 Used to clean streets usually in an urban area.
 These were created in 19th century to do the job
more efficiently.
 Now a days, modern street sweepers are
equipped with water tanks.
 Sprayers are used to reduce dust.

9. COMMUNITY BINS
 These are provided @ centrally located pick-up
points.
 Very large in size.
 Consists of two types: 1) Stationary Bins
2) Movable Bins
 Movable bins are provided with wheels & handles
.
 Stationary bins are provided without wheels but
with handles & swinging system to unload.

10. TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES
FOR SOLID WASTE
 Animal Cart
 Auto Vehicles
 Tractors & Trailers
 Trucks
 Dumper
 Compactor Vehicle

11. ANIMAL CART
 This is commonly used method to transport solid
waste all around the world.
 It is often pulled by donkeys.
 It can carry up to 1.5 cubic metre of solid waste up
to 7 km.
 It can create negative impact on environment.
 No consumption of fossil fuels, very low capital &
operational cost than motor vehicles.
 So, up to some extent these are economical except
some other factors.

12. AUTO VEHICLES
 These vehicles may be two-wheelers, three-wheelers.
 This is common means of transportation in several
developing countries & is a viable alternative for waste
collection.
 It can be fitted with a high-level tipping body of about 2
cubic metre capacity.
 It is useful in cities where streets are too narrow to allow
the passage of larger vehicles.
 But these vehicles does not operate well on rough,
unpaved roads.

13. TRACTORS & TRAILERS
 These vehicles are almost available everywhere
used to transport solid waste.
 These are often used as a coupled unit to collect
refuse from household or storage points.
 Trailers can be used as a transfer station as it can
be separated from tractors easily.
 These have low capital cost, capacity to transport
waste is also more.

14. TRUCKS
 A wide variety of trucks is used to transport the solid
waste.
 These trucks should be strong, durable, water tight &
made up of stainless steel with smooth interior.
 While selecting truck to transport, following points
should be considered:
1) Weight of solid waste to be transported.
2) Weight of truck.
3) Ease of loading & unloading.
These are inexpensive, sturdy & easily obtainable.

15. DUMPER
 These are also known as fore & aft tipper.
 These are useful for handling wet refuse.
 These are suitable for primary collection from main
street using container relay system.
 Maintenance cost of dumper is less. Hence
dumpers are popular.
 It utilizes body capacities of about 12 cubic metre.

16. COMPACTOR VEHICLE
 It allows waste container to be emptied from all sides
into the vehicles.
 It needs two persons to operate & are usually equipped
with two cycling lifts that dump into container.
 These have high initial cost, skilled labours required &
operating cost is more.
 These have hydraulic system with rear loading
arrangement.
 Capacity varies from 5 to 10 cubic metre.

17. Decentralization of
Administration
Delegation of Powers
Organizational Set-Up

18. DECENTRALIZATION OF
ADMINISTRATION
o SWM services can be performed effectively only
due to decentralization.
o It can be decentralized as-1) At Ward Level
2) At Zone Level
3) At City Level
o MSW is managed by decentralization with
adequate delegated powers.

19. DELEGATION OF POWERS
o There should be adequate delegation of fiscal &
Disciplinary powers to the officers.
o So that MSW can be managed day-to-day
smoothly.
o The Head of SWM department may also have
powers to punish the subordinates for their
irresponsibility.

20. ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP
The duties are appointed as follows:
o One qualified Sanitary Officer- For population more
than 50,000.
o One qualified Sanitary Inspector- Per 50,000
population.
o One qualified Sanitary Sub-Inspector- Per 25,000
population.
o One qualified Sanitary Supervisor- Per 12,500
population.
o One Assistant Engineer- Per 2.5 lacs population.
o One Executive Engineer- Per 20 lacs population.
o One Superintending Engineer- Per 40 lacs
population.