The document outlines a report on an industrial visit to the BWSSB Cauvery Water Treatment Plant in Karnataka by civil engineering students from Vemana Institute of Technology on March 27, 2018. The visit provided hands-on learning about water purification processes, technologies used for treating polluted water, and the significance of managerial skills in such operations. Overall, the experience enhanced the students' practical understanding of water supply and treatment engineering, contributing to their academic and professional development.

1. THORAIKADANAHALLI ,MALAVALLI TALUQ,MANDYA,KARNATAKA-571421
A INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO
BY,
R MAHIMA SHARADA
A REPORT ON
ON 27TH MARCH 2018

2. CONTENT
1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2. INFORMATION
3. PURPOSE OF VISIT
4. WHAT WE LEARNT?
5. CONCLUSION

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are gladly thankful to director as well as Principal Dr.Vijayasimha
Reddy and Head of the Department Professor Murali Krishna and our faculties
Ms. Swetha.M.V ,Mr.Darshan.N and Mr.Pavan.D who gave us a great guidance
regarding training and instructed us the importance of training in civil field.So we
decided to take a visit to the water treatment plant which is situated in
Kanakpura.
We are especially thankful to all the staff members in charge of the water
treatment plant and the in charge officer who gave us the permission for taking
visit to the water treatment plant and gave the proper guidance to students and
allowed to visit for the practical board approach learning to students.

4. The Civil department of Vemana Institute of Technology organized an industrial visit for Sixth Semester Civil students on 27th
March 2018 to BWSSB 550 MLD CAUVERY WATER TREATMENT PLANT at TK Halli ,Malavalli Taluq,Mandya District,
Karnataka-571 421 , which is one of its kind in India ,with 5 Zonal Operations supplying portable water to Bengaluru.
Around 45 students were accompanied by faculties ,Ms.Swetha. M. V , Mr. Darshan. N and Mr.Pavan .D
While addressing the students ,the plant in charge briefed the students and highlighted that it is Asia’s biggest water
purification plant with 5 stages of purification and pumping along with conventional and latest technology as its unique and
exclusive mode . It is spread across 25 acres with just 52 employees to handle the entire plant.
Emphasizing the relevance of capital intensive technology , they explained the whole process of operation at different levels
and the automation.Further , enlightening the students about the importance of managerial skills in any organization ,they
said that out of 5 zonal operations, 2 are outsourced to a private company SUEZ Ltd., which has a record of 0% waste water
treatment thus becoming a key learning for engineering students about the treatment of water.
GENERAL INFORMATION

5. During the visit ,students learnt:
 To identify the level of impurities in water.
 About formation of layout of the plant.
 To identify the level of Chlorine(CL2) in the portable water.
 About technology adoption (Pulsification and DAF) for
better water treatment.
 About role of the private player in government projects.
However, the visit provided an opportunity to the students to get an exposure of industry situations and practical
experience which facilitated them to enhance the skills and industry understanding . Overall ,the visit was very
fruitful.
Also in Sixth semester subject like Water supply
and Treatment Engineering requires knowledge
about how polluted water is being treated .So it is
very much convenient to see all practical
components in real time environment.
PURPOSE OF VISIT

6. The various stages involved in the treatment of portable water are:
 PRIMARY WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
 SCREENING , FILTRATION AND CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION
 SEDIMENTATION AND GRAVITY SEPARATION
 COAGULATION
 FLOTATION
 SECONDARY WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
 AEROBIC PROCESS
 ANAEROBIC PROCESS
 TERTIARY WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
 DISTILLATION , CRYSTALIZATION
 EVAPORATION , SOLVENT EXTRACTION
 OXIDATION , PRECIPITATION
 ION EXCHANGE , MICRO AND ULTRA FILTRATION
 REVERSE OSMOSIS , ADSORPTION
 ELECTROLYSIS , ELECTRODIALYSIS
WHAT WE LEARN

7. The intakes or intake works are the devices or structures installed for the purpose of drawing water from the
source like river ,canal, lake or a reservoir.
The basic function of an Intake Structure is to help in safely withdrawing water from the source and then to
discharge this water into the withdrawl conduit , through which it reaches the water treatment plant . It is
constructed at the entrance of the withdrawl conduit and thereby protecting it from being damaged/clogged by
ice , debris.
INTAKE

9. CASCADE AERATORS
Aeration is often the first major process at the treatment plant.Water is made to fall in the form of thin sheet,over a series of steps . During
the fall, water mixes thoroughly with atmospheric air and get aerated,absorb oxygen for the reduction of taste,odour etc,…Aeration brings
water and air in close contact to remove dissolved gases like carbon di oxide and oxidizes dissolved metals like iron,hydrogen and volatile
organic chemicals(VOC’s).Aeration brings water and air in close contact by exposing drops or thin sheets of water to the air by introducing
small bubbles of air(the smaller the bubble,the better)and letting them rise through the water.The scrubbing process caused by the
turbulence of aeration physically removes dissolved gases from solution & allows them to escape into the surrounding air.

10. PLAIN SEDIMENTATION
Sedimentation is a physical water treatment process using gravity to remove suspended solids from water. Solid particles
entrained by the turbulence of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and
oceans.Suspended particles in water are permitted to settle only by gravity which becomes the sediment and in water treatment
it is known as sludge.When a thick layer of sediment continues to settle,this is known as Consolidation .In water treatment
sedimentation might be used to reduce the concentration of particles in suspension before the application of Co-agulation,to
reduce the amount of coagulating chemicals needed,or after coagulation and possibly flocculation.

11. SEDIMENTATION WITH COAGULATION/FLOCCULATION
The process of adding certain chemicals for accelerating Sedimentation and the effective removal of very fine and colloidal
particles is known as Coagulation. ALUM is the most widely used coagulant in water treatment plants because of its low cost.
During coagulation,liquid Aluminium Sulphate (Alum) and / or polymer is added to untreated(raw) water.When mixed with the
water ,this causes the tiny particles of dirt in the water to stick together or coagulate.Next,groups of dirt particles stick together
to form larger ,heavier particles called Flocs which are easier to remove by settling or filtration.So it is also called as Flocculation.

12. AQUA DAF(DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION) CLARIFIERS
Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) is a water treatment process that clarifies wastewaters (or
other waters)by the removal of suspended matter such as oil or solids.The removal is
achieved by dissolving air in the water under pressure and then releasing the air at
Atmospheric pressure in a flotation tank basin.The released air forms tiny bubbles
which adhere to the suspended matter to float to the surface of the water where it
may be removed by skimming device.

13. FLASH MIXTURE AND FORMATION OF SLUDGE
The water treatment process truly begins with a very brief turn in a flash mixing chamber.After screening out debris and testing raw
water,chemicals that encourage coagulation are added to the water stream.The mixture is agitated quickly and thoroughly in a process called
Flash mixing.The chemicals into the water stream will attract any very fine particles,such as silt,that will not readily settle or filter out and make
them clump together.These larger,heavier formations are called Floc,which are much easier to remove from the water.The duration of the Flash
mix chamber is carefully controlled and typically lasts from 10-90 seconds. If the Flash mix is long it properly distributes the chemicals throughout

14. SLUDGE FORMATION
The conventional process of treatment involves coagulation by adding Alum .Along with the product water this also produces a waste-by-product
called SLUDGE .The efficiency and efficacy of this process depends upon the dewaterability of the sludge.In fact dewaterability is vital to the
operation of conventional drinking water treatment plants.The characteristics of the sludge depends upon the quality of raw water & the
treatment applied at the treatment station.Sludge can be removed by proper treatment process.

15. FILTRATION
The process of passing the water through the beds of granular materials(Filters) is known as FILTRATION. Filtration may help in
removing colour ,odour,turbidity and pathogenic bacteria from water.
Ex:Rapid Sand Filters

17. BACK WASHING
When sand becomes dirty ,as it is indicated by the excessive loss of head,the filter must be cleaned and washed by forced
upward movement of wash water and compressed air.This process is called as BACK WASHING.

18. DISINFECTION
The process of killing disease causing organisms(Pathogens) present in water so as to make it safe for human consumption is
called as DISINFECTION.Water is disinfected before it enters the distribution system to ensure that any disease causing
bacteria,viruses and parasites are destroyed.Chlorine is used because it is a very effective disinfectant and residual
concentrations can be maintained to guard against possible biological contamination in the water distribution system.Application
of chlorine gas or its compounds like Bleaching powder,liquid chlorine for disinfecting water is known as CHLORINATION.
CHLORINATION CHAMBER

19. CONCLUSION
We could get the treated water after these processes but the thing is how the waste water from these processes could maintain?
The obtained treated water after stages of treatment is supplied to the nearest storage tanks of villages and many more centres .
Later on they are supplied to the cities through large water pipelines which are stored in the over head tanks and supplied to the
homes or houses according to the availability and needs of the water.
The so obtained water should be carefully treated and one should take care about the use of the water.
As,the CIVIL ENGINEER’S it’s our whole hearted responsibility to protect the available water and reduce the scarcity of water in
the future days by proper use.

20. THANK YOU