The document summarizes the water treatment process at a plant located at Hatia Railway Station. It involves 9 main steps: 1) Aeration, 2) Flash mixing, 3) Clariflocculation, 4) Clarification, 5) Pressure filters, 6) Filter water tank, 7) Disinfection using chlorine, 8) Storage in an overhead RCC tank, and 9) Laboratory testing. The process aims to remove contaminants and bacteria to produce clean drinking water through techniques like coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration before the water is disinfected and stored for use.

1. Water Treatment Plant situated
at Hatia Railway Station
Prepared by:
Srijan Kumar -21MEE18
M Tech In Environmental Engineering
Jharkhand University of Technology

2. PROCESS INVOLVED

3. 1.Aeration
• Aeration brings water and air in close contact in
order to remove dissolved gases (such as carbon
dioxide) and oxidizes dissolved metals such as iron,
hydrogen sulfide, and volatile organic chemicals
(VOCs).

4. 2. Flash Mixture
• The water treatment process truly begins with a very
brief turn in a flash mixing chamber.
• After screening out debris and testing raw water,
chemicals that encourage coagulation are added to the
water stream. The mixture is agitated quickly and
thoroughly in a process called flash mixing.
• The chemicals introduced into the water stream will
attract any very fine particles, such as silt, that will not
readily settle or filter out and make them clump
together.
• These larger, heavier formations are called floc, which
are much easier to remove from the water.

5. 2. Flash Mixture

6. 3. CLARI-FLOCCULATOR

7. 3. CLARI-FLOCCULATOR
• In large water treatment plants, the flocculator and the clarifier are
combined together to achieve economy in construction. The combined
unit of flocculator and clarifier is known as clariflocculator in water
treatment process. Clariflocculator shall have two concentric tanks with
inner tank serving as flocculation basin and outer tank serving as clarifier.
• Clariflocculator is a combination of flocculation and clarification in a single
tank.
• It has two concentric tanks where inner tank serves as a flocculation basin
and the outer tank serves as a clarifier.
• In the Clariflocculator, the water enters the flocculator, where the
flocculating paddles enhance flocculation of the feed solids. As heavy
particles settle to the bottom, the liquid flows radially upward in the
clarifier zone,.
• The clarified liquid is discharged over a peripheral weir into the peripheral
launder. The deposited sludge is raked to the bottom near the central weir
from where it is routed to the sludge chamber and discharged..

8. 4.CLARIFIED WATER
• Clarification consists in removing all kind of particles, sediments, oil,
• natural organic matter and color from the water to make it clear.
• A clarification step is the first part of conventional treatment for
waste and surface water treatment.
• It usually consist in:
– - Screening
- Physical chemical treatment is a generic term for Coagulation
-Flocculation
- Sedimentation or Flotation, upon particles properties and water type
- Fine filtration
•

9. 5.PRESSURE FILTERS
• Pressure Filters are just like small rapid gravity
filters placed in closed vessels, and through which
water to be treated is passed under pressure.
• Since water is forced through such filters at a
pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure,
it is necessary that these filters are located in air
tight vessels.
• The raw water is pumped into the vessels by
means of pumps, the pressure so developed may
normally vary between 30 to 70metre head of
water i.e. 300 to 700kN/m2 .

10. 5.PRESSURE FILTERS

11. 6.FILTER WATER TANK
• Filter water tank is a tank made of generally
concrete used for storing of filtered water.
Chlorine is added in this tank to kill harmful
bacteria.

12. 7.DISINFECTION
• Disinfectants are added to water to kill
disease-causing microorganisms.
• Ground water sources can be disinfected by
“The Water Treatment Rule,” which requires
public water systems for disinfection.
• Chlorination, ozone, ultraviolet light, and
chloramines are primary methods for
disinfection

13. 8.RCC OVERHEAD TANK
• Reinforced Concrete Water tank design is based
on IS 3370: 2009 (Parts I – IV).
• The design depends on the location of tanks, i.e.
overhead, on ground or underground water
tanks.
• The tanks can be made in different shapes usually
circular and rectangular shapes are mostly used.
• The tanks can be made of RCC or even of steel.
The overhead tanks are usually elevated from the
roof top through column. In the other hand the
underground tanks are rested on the foundation.

14. 8.RCC OVERHEAD TANK

15. 9. Lab Test Report
S.E.R. HATIA
• Date: 24th May 2018
• Time: 8:30 AM
• DOSING
– ALUM DOSING 80Kg/ day
– LIME DOSING 24Kg/day
– BLEACHING DOSING 22.5kg/day
Sr. No. Parameters Raw Water Treated Water
01 pH Value 6.9 6.7
02 TURBIDITY 34.7 NTU 3.5 NTU
03 RCL - 2ppm(FWR)

16. ZLD?
ZERO LIQUID
DISCHARGE ?

17. ZLD
• Zero Liquid discharge water treatment plant.
• Fig: Sludge is allowed to settle

18. ZLD
• Fig: Water obtained from sludge which will be
recycled

19. THANK
YOU