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Murdock defines the family as a social group typically consisting of adults of both sexes maintaining a sexual relationship and raising one or more biological or adopted children together in a shared residence with economic cooperation. [1] However, societies exhibit wide variations in family structure, as seen in examples from Britain, New Guinea, and India. [2] Murdock's definition may be too narrow and exclude modern family forms like same-sex couples raising children or matriarchal families. [3]
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The document discusses different types of families including joint family, nuclear family, blended family, and extended family. It provides definitions and characteristics of each type. The joint family is described as consisting of multiple generations living together under one roof and sharing property jointly. In contrast, a nuclear family only includes the husband, wife, and children, who separate from parents/elders upon marriage. The modern family is noted to have undergone changes in structure, functions, and nature due to various social and economic factors.
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Kollontai discusses how the family will change in a communist state. She argues that the traditional patriarchal family will be replaced by more equitable relationships between men and women. The state will take over responsibilities like childcare, cooking, and cleaning through collective institutions like daycares, schools, and public kitchens. This will free women from domestic work and allow them to work for the state. Children will be raised by the community rather than just the family, and marriage will no longer constrain women's roles.
Family: Definition, Changing trends in family structure, Types of families, C...
1. The document discusses different types and definitions of families. It defines family as a group united by marriage, blood, or adoption that interacts and communicates within defined social roles.
2. Families are characterized by universality across societies, an emotional basis in relationships, limited size, influence on socializing children, and both persistence as an institution but change over time.
3. The document outlines nuclear families, extended families, families based on marriage structure (monogamous or polygamous), and families based on residence (patrilocal, matrilocal, neolocal, etc.). It provides details on the characteristics and prevalence of each type.
family solution for problem
This document defines families and discusses their various forms. It notes that families are social units that usually involve some combination of related individuals living together, engaging in sexual relationships, and rearing children. The document outlines different types of families including nuclear, blended, binuclear, and extended families. It also discusses concepts like kinship, marriage, courtship, authority patterns, and functions of the family. Alternative family forms like single-parent households and cohabitation are also mentioned.
201.14 political systems
This document discusses definitions of the family and different types of family structures. It begins by defining the family as a social unit that is usually linked by blood, marriage, cohabitation, child-rearing responsibilities and economic cooperation. It then describes nuclear families, extended families, blended families, and binuclear families. The document also covers kinship networks, marriage, courtship and mate selection, functions of the family, and alternative family forms including cohabitation and single-parent households. It discusses perspectives on the family from functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism.
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PRESENTATION 9 kinshipmarriageandthehousehold-converted.pptx
PRESENTATION 9 kinshipmarriageandthehousehold-converted.pptx
Family diversity (AS Sociology Family and Households)
Family diversity (AS Sociology Family and Households)
Family: Definition, Changing trends in family structure, Types of families, C...
Family: Definition, Changing trends in family structure, Types of families, C...
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This document provides guidance on answering exam questions about crime and deviance. It discusses two 21-mark essay questions to spend 30 minutes on each, including discussing at least two sides of an argument and referencing relevant theories and studies. For the first question on ethnic differences in crime rates, explanations to assess include institutional racism in the criminal justice system versus theories of relative deprivation and poor upbringing influencing crime rates. For the second question on media portrayals of crime, topics to discuss include how the media distorts crime statistics and can cause moral panics, as well as its relationship to fear of crime. Subcultural theories from Merton to more recent work should be assessed chronologically for their usefulness in explaining subcultural crime and
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Here are some potential positive and negative consequences of divorce for each group:
For the husband and wife:
Positive: Opportunity for personal growth and happiness in a new relationship.
Negative: Financial difficulties from single parenthood or splitting assets. Emotional distress.
For the family:
Positive: Conflict may be reduced.
Negative: Loss of the traditional family structure, less contact with extended family. Financial difficulties.
For the children:
Positive: Grow up in a happier environment without parental conflict.
Negative: Stress and insecurity from family breakdown. May feel torn between parents. Adjustment to new living situations.
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- 1. The Universality of ‘Family’ AS Sociology
- 2. Murdock • Some form of family exists in every society. • “social group characterised by common residence, economic co-operation and reproduction. It includes adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship and one or more children, own or adopted.”
- 3. Variations of this… Britain and Ireland • Traditional nuclear • Extended • Reconstituted • Cohabiting
- 4. Banaro of New Guinea • The families live in a communal house, divided into apartments for each nuclear family • Husband does not have sexual relations with his wife until she has borne a child by a friend of his father. • The parent child relationship therefore is not biological.
- 5. Nayar of Kerla • The Nayar have sets of relationships different from those common in Britain. • Kathleen Gough carried out a detailed study of this group. • Before puberty all girls married to a suitable man – however after marriage the husband does not live with his wife and is under no obligation to make any contact.
- 7. • The only duty of the wife is to attend his funeral and mourn his death. • Nayar girls can take on many ‘visiting’ husbands. • The husbands spend much time away from the villages so on return choose a wife to stay the night with. • These husbands have no duty towards their offspring. • Husbands may give their wives ‘tokens’ but it is frowned upon if they do this regularly.
- 8. Is Murdock’s definition too narrow? • Growth of same sex relationships to include children. • Growth of matriarchal families – high in western societies. (particularly low income black communities)