This document discusses the relationship between society and education. It states that sociology is the study of social beings and their behavior in groups, social structures, and relationships. It also discusses how education serves functions for society like imparting culture, providing skills for social roles, and catering to changing social needs. Schools exist within society and their curriculum is based on social conditions and problems. The goals of education include developing social skills and qualities, improving vocational skills, and transmitting social heritage.

2. Sociology
Latin “Socius” - “social or being with others” - and the
Greek “logos” - “study”
Therefore, the term “Sociology” basically means the
“study of social beings”.
It studies:
• human behavior in groups
• social structure and social phenomena
• different forms of human interrelations

3. Education and Society
• Schools exist within, not apart from,
social context Schools emerges within
society

4. AIMS OF EDUCATION
• Development of social feelings and qualities
• Development of a socially efficient individual
• Improvement of vocational efficiency
• Use of leisure time and development of healthy
recreational activities
• Transmission of social heritage
• Diffusion of more and more knowledge
• Development of constructive and creative outlook of
the individual
• Education for social service, social efficiency,
emotional integration, national unity and patriotism

5. Curriculum
• Based on conditions, problems and needs of
society
• An agent for transmission of basic values of culture
• Prepare the child for global/world society
• Flexible and changeable for the effective realization
of socially determined objectives
• Lead to the development of genuine ‘we feeling’ i.e.
of a group having a spirit of social interaction

6. Methods of Teaching
• Enable child to acquire skills and knowledge
needed
• Develop a capacity for social adjustment
• Develop problem solving and constructive
thinking
• Project, group, teaming teaching and
cooperative method

7. The cultural bases of the curriculum as
identified by Saylor and Alexander (1996)
• Teachers themselves are participants in the society
and usually have been thoroughly educated in the
culture of the group for whom they plan a school
programme.
• The school will inculcate the values, ideals, beliefs,
traditions, and more of the social group.
• The school educates its pupils to live in a particular
society at a particular time in its group life.

8. Cont.,
• The culture shapes its pupils development and
personality, and determines their educational
needs.
• Curriculum planning and teaching should take
account of the social as well as the innate aspects
of pupil motivation.
• The relative importance of the knowledge,
understandings and concepts to be learned by the
young is culturally determined

9. Robert Zais (1976) identified the following current
social issues which are not in any order of priority
• Discrimination, racism, minority rights and integration
• Poverty
• Pollution and the environment
• Urbanization and metropolitanism
• War and peace
• Women’s rights
• The world population problem
• The World food crisis
• Crime and violence
• Growth of Technology
• Youth culture
• Individual right etc.

10. School serves the following function to
the society
• It not only imparts education but also promotes the
culture.
• School provides the home environment to the
children and improves their knowledge.
• School provides importance to the expression of
pupils social impulses, and trains them through
practical experiences for the various social roles.
• School caters to the changing needs of the society.

11. Cont.,
• School creates the habit of respecting elders and of
kindness towards youngsters.
• School provides the knowledge to the child; it
develops the skills and attitudes.
• School inculcates values like theoretical, economic,
aesthetic, social, political, religious and moral.
• School provides the adjustability, co-operation,
discipline etc for the improvement in the behaviour
of the children.

12. Cont.,
• School provides the group attitude among the
children.
• School embodies the social consciousness to get
the experiences of the society.

13. Society, Education and School
• Human life – It has two aspects – the biological and
sociological. While the biological aspect of human
life is maintained and transmitted by nutrition and
reproduction, the sociological aspect of human life
is maintained and transmitted by education.
• A society comprises a number of institutions or
agencies deliberately founded by man for his
convenience and comfort. Some of the deliberately
invented institutions of man are family, politics,
religion, economy, education, agriculture, mass-
media etc.,

14. Cont.,
• The word education derived from the Latin word,
educare which means “to bring up”.
• Education does not merely means the acquisition
of knowledge or experience but it means the
development of habits, attitudes and skills, which
help a man to lead full and worthwhile life.
• Education is manmade with specific purpose. The
major objectives of education are increased
productivity, inculcation of new values, fostering
national solidarity, increasing social efficiency and
developing humanness.

15. Cont.,
• Man is sum total of animal values and education.
Taking away education from man, he will not be a
man, so it becomes necessary to introduce the child
to the customs, traditions, and the way the people
live.
• The way people live is culture. As this informal
education introduces the child to the culture of his
society, this education is called “Acculturation”.
• As this education socializes the child, it is called
“Socialization”.

16. Cont.,
• Social values like co-operation, adjustment,
community living, and moral activities are
developed through education.
• Education modifies the behaviour of the child and
makes him a member of the society.
• Home or family is the first informal agency of
education and the mother is the first teacher to the
child. This education is known as Introduction to
life.

17. Cont.,
• Education is its narrow sense is a training that the
child receives in the formal schooling. Thus Training
refers to as formal education.
• Thomas Briggs says that school are the miniature
of the society. Hence, the education is for the
society, of the society and by the society.
• Any changes in the society brings about change in
education and in turn, education influence the
society.

18. Cont.,
• Plato said, “Education is training the individual to
discriminate between good and evil both on the
level of physical and mental response”. The body
and the brain are so trained that they do the right
things in the right time.
• John Dewey said, “School is special environment ,
where a certain quality of life and certain type of
activities and occupations are provided with the
object of securing the child’s development along
desirable line.”

19. Social change and Curriculum
• Education is closely related to social change,
because inventions and discoveries take place due
to education. Consequently, change comes in
society also. The changed society again gives
direction to education according to new form.
• All the programmes of the school including
curriculum must change in accordance with the
social change. Curriculum must be dynamic and
flexible so that it becomes meaningful and
relevant to the needs of the society.

20. Cont.,
• Curriculum has to be modified and related to social
needs of the society. It is very necessary to
encourage inventions, discoveries, researches, tests
etc. for bringing progress in society through
education.