Urban areas face increasing energy demands due to factors like population growth, urban sprawl, and more energy-intensive building materials and lifestyles. This puts pressure on natural resources and contributes to issues like global warming. Solutions include improving energy efficiency through new technologies, reducing unnecessary consumption, and utilizing renewable energy sources. Sustainable urban planning aims to balance these energy and environmental concerns with development needs.

1. Social Issues and Environment
Sustainable development
Urban problems related to energy
Water conservation
Rain water harvesting
Watershed management, rehabilitation and
resettlement of people
Climate change
Global warming
Acid rain
Ozone layer depletion
Nuclear hazards and accidents; holocaust
Wasteland reclamation
Consumerism and waste

2. Sustainable development
• Started after 1992 Earth Summit, Rio De
Janeiro (Brazil).
• Agenda-21 and Red Data Book.
• Economic development that is conducted
without depletion of natural resources.
• Development that meets the needs and
aspirations of the present generations
without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.

5. Urban Planning
Urban planning is a technical and
political process concerned with the use
of land, protection and use of the
environment, public welfare, and the
design of the urban environment,
including air, water, and the
infrastructure passing into and out of
urban areas such as transportation,
communications, and distribution
networks.

7. Why more energy is required in urban areas
Traditional housing in India required very little temperature
adjustments as the material used, such as wood and bricks, handled
temperature changes better than the current concrete, glass and steel
of ultra-modern building.
Cities are the main centres of economic growth, trade, education,
innovations and employment.
Increasing movement of rural folk to cities in search of employment.
Spreading of the cities into the sub-urban or rural areas too, this
phenomenon is known as “urban sprawl”.
Energy use is closely related to development in industry, transport,
communication, commercial, household and agricultural activities.

8. Solutions for urban energy demand
Reduce energy required to produce the
same amount of goods/services
(Increase Efficiency)
Better technology
Reduction in unnecessary consumption
Use of renewable sources like solar and
wind energy
Environment friendly buildings

21. Resettlement and rehabilitation of
people
Reason for this:
Developmental projects like
dams, power projects, highways
etc.
Natural calamities
War and epidemics
International politics and law

22. Environmental ethics
Development of civilizations
Traditions and customs
Developmental policies
Inter-generation and Intra-generation
equity
Development and conservation
Life-style and consumerism

23. Consumerism and waste products

24. Behind Consumerism

25. Types of consumerism

28. Methods to control Consumerism

32. Rain Water Harvesting
Rainwater harvesting is a technique of
collection and storage of rainwater into
natural reservoirs or tanks, or the infiltration
of surface water into subsurface aquifers
(before it is lost as surface runoff). One
method of rainwater harvesting is
rooftop harvesting.
o Collection
o Storage
o Recharge