Social institutions are organized patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered around basic social needs. They include the family, education, religion, economy, and political institutions. Social institutions are universal across cultures, though they may vary in complexity, specialization, and formality over time and place. They serve important functions like socializing new members, guiding social behavior through norms, and meeting basic needs. Social institutions are resistant to change and tend to persist over time.

1. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Presented by
Miss Mariam Rehman
M.Phil. (sociology)

2. •SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS ARE ORGANIZED PATTERNS OF
BELIEFS AND BEHAVIOUR THAT ARE CANTERED ON BASIC
SOCIAL NEEDS

3. DEFINATIONS OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
• ACCORDING TO BERTRAND “INSTITUTIONS ARE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL
RELATIONSHIPS FOR MEETING VARIOUS FELT HUMAN NEEDS.”

4. ANOTHER DEFINITION
• “THE INTERRELATED SYSTEM OF NORMS.”MERILL

5. BASIC FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL INSTITUTION
• REPLACEMENT OF MEMBERS IN SOCIETY
• RECRUITING AND GUIDING NEW MEMBER
• PRODUCTION, AND CONSUMPTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES
• PRESERVATION AND
• AWARENESS AND ESTABLISHING A SENSE OF PURPOSE

6. ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL INSTITUTION
A GROUP OF PEOPLE
UNITED BY COMMON INTEREST
HAVING MATERIAL RESOURCES
HAVING NORMS
 FULFIL SOME SOCIAL NEED.

7. CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL
INSTITUTION
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS ARE UNIVERSAL.
THEY VARY FROM TIME TO TIME AND ACROSS CULTURES, IN TERMS OF
COMPLEXITY, SPECIALIZATION, SCOPE, FORMALITY AND ORGANIZATION. BUT
THEIR BASIC NATURE AND PURPOSE ARE SIMILAR EVERYWHERE
. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS ARE RESISTANT TO CHANGE; THEY TEND TO PERSIST.

8. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
DIVISION OF LABOUR
INDEPENDENCY
STRUCTURED
FULFIL THE NEEDS
RULES AND REGULATION

9. TYPES OF SOCIAL INSTITUTION
THE FAMILY
EDUCATION
RELIGION
ECONOMY
POLITICAL INSTITUTION

11. THE FAMILY
FAMILY IS A KIN –BASED COOPERATIVE UNIT (ACCORDING TO BROOM &
SELZENICK)
FAMILY IS A EFFECTIVE GROUPS THAT INCLUDED A FATHER ,A MOTHER, ONE AND
MORE THAN ONE CHILDREN (ACCORDING TO BOGARAUDS)

12. THE FAMILY
THE FAMILY IS GENERALLY REGARDED AS A PRIMARY SOCIAL INSTITUTION.
THE INSTITUTION OF FAMILY IS A BASIC UNIT IN THE SOCIETY
 IT IS ONE OF THE OLDEST SOCIAL INSTITUTION ON THE EARTH.

13. TYPES OF FAMILY
NUCLEAR FAMILY. THE NUCLEAR FAMILY IS THE TRADITIONAL TYPE OF
FAMILY STRUCTURE. .
SINGLE PARENT FAMILY. THE SINGLE PARENT FAMILY CONSISTS OF ONE
PARENT RAISING ONE OR MORE CHILDREN ON HIS OWN.
EXTENDED FAMILY.
GRANDPARENT FAMILY.

15. EDUCATION
• EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SYSTEMATIC
TRANSMISSION OF KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND CULTURAL VALUES WITHIN A
FORMALLY ORGANIZED STRUCTURE.

16. TYPES OF EDUCATION
FORMAL EDUCATION
INFORMAL EDUCATION

17. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
(A) SOCIALIZATION
 (B) SOCIAL INTEGRATION
 (C) TRANSMISSION OF KNOWLEDGE
 (D) SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INNOVATION.

19. DEFINITION OF RELIGIOUS ISTITUTION
ACCORDING TO DURKHIEM
UNIFIED SYSTEM OF BELIEFS AND PRACTICES THAT DEALS WITH SACRED AND
PROFANE IS CALLED RELIGION
A PARTICULAR SYSTEM OF FAITH AND WORSHIP.

20. FUNCTIONS OF RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS
BRINGS SOCIETY TOGETHER.
SOCIAL CONTROL.
EMOTIONALLY SATISFYING
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT.
 POSITIVE SOCIAL CHANGE.

22. ECONOMY
ECONOMY IS THE SOCIAL INSTITUTION THAT ENSURES MAINTENANCE OF SOCIETY
THROUGH THE PRODUCTION, DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMPTION OF GOODS AND
SERVICES.

23. A MARKET-BASED ECONOMY IS ONE WHERE GOODS AND SERVICES ARE
PRODUCED AND EXCHANGED ACCORDING TO DEMAND AND SUPPLY BETWEEN
PARTICIPANTS

25. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
• SYSTEM OF POWER AND AUTHORITY WHICH IS USED TO MAINTAIN SOCIAL
ORDER IN SOCIETY IS CALLED POLITICAL INSTITUTION

26. EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES OF SUCH POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS INCLUDE POLITICAL PARTIES,
TRADE UNIONS, AND THE (LEGAL) COURTS.

27. STRUCTURE OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
FOLLOWING IS THE STRUCTURE PROVIDED BY POLITICAL INSTITUTION
 FORMAL AND INFORMAL
 POLITICAL INSTITUTION MAY BE FORMAL AS WELLAS INFORMAL
 AT ONCE BOTH CAN BE FUNCTION

28. INFORMAL
MOSTLY FOUND IN PRIMITIVE SOCITIES,RURALAREAS
 NO FIXED AND WRITTEN RULES, POWERS AND AUTHORITIES
 BRADARI SYSTEM ,JIRGA SYSTEM

29. FORMAL
POWER AND AUTHORITIES ARE FIXED
 SUPREME POWER DISTRIBUTE SOME POWERS TO ADMINISTRATION AT LOWER
LEVEL
.

30. MAIN BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
1.LEGESLATION.(MAKES LAWS FOR STATE)
 2.JUDICIARY(IT DEFINES LAW)
 3.EXECUTIVE(IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW)

31. CHARACTERISTICS OF POLITICAL
INSTITUTIONS
BUREAUCRACY
 SOCIAL ORDER
POLITICAL PARTY
 POLITICAL POWER
WELFARE OF THE PEOPLE

32. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR PAYING
ATTENTION