The document discusses several key social institutions: the family, education, religion, economic institutions, and government. It provides definitions and characteristics of social institutions in general and then examines each of these major institutions in more detail. For each one, it outlines their functions in society such as reproducing and raising children for families, transmitting culture and socializing individuals for education, providing social control and explaining life's mysteries for religion, and facilitating economic transactions and specialization of labor for economic institutions. Government is defined as the institution that makes and carries out rules to enable social living.

1. Institutions and the Social
Grouping in Society
Josefino Tulabing Larena Jr. ,AB, CPS,CPE,MPA

2. Learning Outcomes
 Develop a comprehensive
understanding of the meaning
,characteristics and nature of social
institutions
 Explain the classification and
relevance of social institutions
 Discuss the institutional system s a
total integration in the culture

3. What is Social Institution?
Is a social structures and social
mechanisms of social order and
cooperation that govern the behavior
of its members.
Is a group of social positions,
connected by social relations,
performing a social role.
Any institution in a society that works
to socialize the group of people in it.

4. Characteristics of an Institution
Palispis ( 2015)
Institutions are purposive.
Relatively permanent in content.
Institutions are structured.
Institutions are a unified structure.
Institutions are necessarily value-laden.

5. Functions of an Institutions
1. Institutions simplify social behavior for the
individual person.
2. Provide ready-made forms of social
relations and social roles for individual.
3. Act as agencies of coordination and stability
for the total culture.
4. Control behavior.

6. Major Social Institutions
The Family
Education
Religion
Economic Institutions
Government as a Social Institution

7. The Family

8. The Family
The smallest social institution with the unique
function or producing and rearing the young.
It is the basic unit of Philippine society and
the educational system where the child
begins to learn his ABC.
The basic agent of socialization because it is
here where the individual develops values,
behaviors, and ways of life through
interaction with members of the family (Vega,
2004).

9. Characteristic of the Filipino Family
The family is closely knit and has strong
family ties.
The Filipino family is usually extended one
and therefore, big.
In the Filipino family, kinship ties are
extended to include the “compadre” or
sponsors.

10. Functions of the Family
1. Reproduction of the race and rearing of the
young.
2. Cultural transmission or enculturation.
3. Socialization of the child.
4. Providing affection and a sense of security.
5. Providing the environment for personality
development and the growth of self-concept in
relation to others.
6. Providing social status.

11. Kinds of Family

12. …according to STRUCTURE
b. Consanguine or Extended Family
-consist of married couple, their parents,
siblings, grandparents, uncles, aunts, and
cousins.
a.Conjugal or Nuclear Family
-the primary or elementary family
consisting of husband, wife and children.

13. …according to DESCENT
a. Patrilocal
-when the newly married couple lives with
the parents of the husband.
b. Matrilocal
- when the newly married couple lives with
the parents of the wife.
c. Neolocal
- when the newly married pair maintains a
separate household and live by themselves.

14. …according to AUTHORITY
a. Partriarchal
- when the father is considered the head
and plays a dominant role.
b. Matriarchal
- when the mother or female is the head
and makes the major decisions.
c. Equalitarian
- when both father and mother share in
making decisions and are equal in
authority.

16. EDUCATION

17. Education…
 a form of learning in which
the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group
of people are transferred from one
generation to the next through teaching,
training, or research.

18. What are the functions of Schools?
Mcnergney & Herbert(2001)
-described the school as first and foremost a
social institution, that is , an established
organization having an identifiable structure
and a set of functions meant to preserve and
extend social order.
School is the place for the contemplation of
reality, and our task as a teacher , in simplest
terms, is to show this reality to our students,
who are naturally eager about them.

19. Intellectual Purposes…
…to teach basic cognitive skills such as reading,
writing, and mathematics; to transmit specific
knowledge.
Political Purposes…
…to inculcate allegiance to the existing
political order(patriotism).
…to prepare citizens who will participate in the
political order.
…to assimilate diverse cultural groups into
political order.
…and to teach children the basic laws of

20. Social Purpose…
…to socialize children into the various
roles, behavior, and values of society.
Economic Purpose…
…to prepare students for their later
occupational roles, and to select, train,
and allocate individuals into the
division of labor.

21. Multiple Functions of Schools
 Technical- Economic
 Human/ Social
 Political
 Cultural
 Education

22. Manifest Functions of Schools
 Social Control
 Socialization Placement
 Transmitting Culture
 Promoting Social & Political Integration
 Agent of Change

23. Latent Functions of Schools
 Restricting some activities.
 Matchmaking and production of social
networks.
 Creation of generation gap.

24. Functions of School
Calderon(1998)
 Conservation Function
 Instructional Function
 Research Function
Social Service Function

25. MARRIAGE

26. What is Marriage
 Marriage, also called matrimony or
wedlock, is a socially or ritually
recognized union between spouses
that establishes rights and obligations
between them, between them and
their children, and between them and
their in-laws

27. Monogamy
 Monogamy is a form of marriage in
which an individual has only one
spouse during their lifetime or at any
one time (serial monogamy)

28. Serial monogamy
 Governments that support monogamy,
may allow easy divorce. In a number
of Western countries divorce rates
approach 50%. Those who remarry do
so on average 3 times. Divorce and
remarriage can thus result in "serial
monogamy", i.e. multiple marriages
but only one legal spouse at a time.

29. Polygamy
 Polygamy is a marriage which
includes more than two
partners. When a man is married to
more than one wife at a time, the
relationship is called polygyny, and
there is no marriage bond between the
wives; and when a woman is married
to more than one husband at a time,

30. Polyandry
 Polyandry is notably more rare than
polygyny, though less rare than the
figure commonly cited in the
Ethnographic Atlas (1980) which listed
only those polyandrous societies
found in the Himalayan Mountains

31. Plural marriage
 Group marriage (also known as multi-
lateral marriage) is a form of
polyamory in which more than two
persons form a family unit, with all the
members of the group marriage being
considered to be married to all the
other members of the group marriage,
and all members of the marriage
share parental responsibility for any
children arising from the marriage

32. Child marriage
 A child marriage is a marriage where
one or both spouses are under the
age of 18

33. Same-sex and third-gender
marriages
 As noted above, several kinds of
same-gendered, non-sexual
marriages exist in some lineage-based
societies; this section relates to same-
gendered sexual unions.

34. RELIGION

35. What is RELIGION?
 is a system of beliefs and rituals that
serves to bind people together through
shared worship, thereby creating a
social group.
 set of beliefs and practices that pertain
to a sacred or supernatural realm that
guides human behavior and gives
meaning to life among a community of
believers.

36. Characteristics of Religion
 Belief in a deity.
 A doctrine of salvation.
 A code of conduct.
 Religious rituals.

37. Functions of Religion
Calderon(1998)
1. Serves as a means of social control.
2. Exerts a great influence upon personality
development.
3. Allays fear of unknown.
4. Explains events or situations which are
beyond comprehension of man.
5. Gives man comfort, strength and hope in
times of crisis and despair.

38. 6. It preserves and transmit
knowledge, skills, spiritual, and cultural
values and practices.
7. It serves as an instrument of
change.
8. Promotes closeness, love,
cooperation, friendliness and
helpfulness.
9. Alleviates sufferings from major
calamities.
10. It provides hope for a blissful life

39. Three Elements of Religion
 Sacred and profane.
 Legitimation of norms.
 Rituals.
 Religious community.

40. Economic
Institutions

41. Microeconomics
 Concerned with the specific economic units
of parts that makes an economic system
and the relationship between those parts.
 Emphasis is placed on understanding the
behavior of individual firms, industries,
households, and ways in which such
entities interact.
(Spencer, 1980; Javier,2002)

42. Macroeconomics
 Concerned with the economy as a whole,
or large segments of it.
 It focuses on such problems as the role of
unemployment, the changing level of
prices, the nation’s total output of goods
and services, and the ways in which
government raises and spends money.

43. GOVERNMENT
as a SOCIAL
INSTITUTION

44. Government…
 Is the institution which solves conflicts that
are public in nature and involve more than a
few people.
 The SC defines government as the
institution by which an independent society
makes and carries out those rules of action
which are necessary to enable men to live
in a social state, or which are imposed upon
the people for that society by those who
possess the power or authority of
prescribing them.

45. Three Branches of Government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

47. Thanks &
God
bless