The document defines social institutions as structured social mechanisms that govern member behavior and discusses the key institutions of family, education, religion, economic systems, and government. It describes the characteristics and functions of these institutions, including socializing members, transmitting culture, and maintaining social order. The major institutions socialize individuals, coordinate society, and fulfill important economic, political, and social roles within a community.

2. What is Social Institution?
Is a social structures and social
mechanisms of social order and
cooperation that govern the behavior of its
members.
Is a group of social positions, connected
by social relations, performing a social
role.
Any institution in a society that works to
socialize the group of people in it.

3. Characteristics of an Institution
Palispis (1996)
Institutions are purposive.
Relatively permanent in content.
Institutions are structured.
Institutions are a unified structure.
Institutions are necessarily value-laden.

4. Functions of an Institutions
1. Institutions simplify social behavior for the
individual person.
2. Provide ready-made forms of social relations
and social roles for individual.
3. Act as agencies of coordination and stability
for the total culture.
4. Control behavior.

5. Major Social Institutions
The Family
Education
Religion
Economic Institutions
Government as a Social
Institution

6. The Family

7. The Family
The smallest social institution with the
unique function or producing and rearing the
young.
It is the basic unit of Philippine society and
the educational system where the child
begins to learn his ABC.
The basic agent of socialization because it is
here where the individual develops values,
behaviors, and ways of life through
interaction with members of the family
(Vega, 2004).

8. Characteristic of the Filipino Family
The family is closely knit and has strong
family ties.
The Filipino family is usually extended one
and therefore, big.
In the Filipino family, kinship ties are
extended to include the “compadre” or
sponsors.

9. Functions of the Family
1. Reproduction of the race and rearing of the
young.
2. Cultural transmission or enculturation.
3. Socialization of the child.
4. Providing affection and a sense of security.
5. Providing the environment for personality
development and the growth of self-concept
in relation to others.
6. Providing social status.

10. Kinds of Family

11. …according to STRUCTURE
b. Consanguine or Extended Family
-consist of married couple, their
parents, siblings, grandparents, uncles,
aunts, and cousins.
a.Conjugal or Nuclear Family
-the primary or elementary family
consisting of husband, wife and children.

12. …according to term of MARRIAGE
a. Polyandry
-one woman is married to two or more
men at the same time.
b.Polygamy
-one man is married to two or more
women at the same time.
c. Cenogamy
- two or more men mate with two or
more women in group marriage.

13. …according to DESCENT
a. Patrilocal
-when the newly married couple lives with
the parents of the husband.
b. Matrilocal
- when the newly married couple lives with
the parents of the wife.
c. Neolocal
- when the newly married pair maintains a
separate household and live by themselves.

14. …according to AUTHORITY
a. Partriarchal
- when the father is considered the head
and plays a dominant role.
b. Matriarchal
- when the mother or female is the head
and makes the major decisions.
c. Equalitarian
- when both father and mother share
in making decisions and are equal in
authority.

15. EDUCATION

16. Education…
 a form of learning in which
the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group
of people are transferred from one generation
to the next through teaching, training, or
research.

17. What are the functions of Schools?
Mcnergney & Herbert(2001)
-described the school as first and foremost a social
institution, that is, an established organization
having an identifiable structure and a set of
functions meant to preserve and extend social order.
 School is the place for the contemplation of
reality, and our task as a teacher , in simplest
terms, is to show this reality to our students, who
are naturally eager about them.

18. Intellectual Purposes…
…to teach basic cognitive skills such as reading,
writing, and mathematics; to transmit specific
knowledge.
Political Purposes…
…to inculcate allegiance to the existing political
order(patriotism).
…to prepare citizens who will participate in the
political order.
…to assimilate diverse cultural groups into
political order.
…and to teach children the basic laws of society.

19. Social Purpose…
…to socialize children into the various
roles, behavior, and values of society.
Economic Purpose…
…to prepare students for their later
occupational roles, and to select, train,
and allocate individuals into the division
of labor.

20. Multiple Functions of Schools
 Technical-Economic
 Human/ Social
 Political
 Cultural
 Education

21. Manifest Functions of Schools
 Social Control
 Socialization Placement
 Transmitting Culture
 Promoting Social & Political Integration
 Agent of Change

22. Latent Functions of Schools
 Restricting some activities.
 Matchmaking and
production of social
networks.
 Creation of generation
gap.

23. Functions of School
Calderon(1998)
 Conservation Function
 Instructional Function
 Research Function
Social Service Function

24. RELIGION

25. What is RELIGION?
 is a system of beliefs and rituals that
serves to bind people together through
shared worship, thereby creating a
social group.
 set of beliefs and practices that pertain
to a sacred or supernatural realm that
guides human behavior and gives
meaning to life among a community of
believers.

26. Characteristics of Religion
 Belief in a deity.
 A doctrine of salvation
 A code of conduct
 Religious rituals.

27. Functions of Religion
Calderon(1998)
1. Serves as a means of social control.
2. Exerts a great influence upon
personality development.
3. Allays fear of unknown.
4. Explains events or situations which are
beyond comprehension of man.
5. Gives man comfort, strength and hope
in times of crisis and despair.

28. 6. It preserves and transmit
knowledge, skills, spiritual, and
cultural values and practices.
7. It serves as an instrument of change.
8. Promotes closeness, love,
cooperation, friendliness and
helpfulness.
9. Alleviates sufferings from major
calamities.
10. It provides hope for a blissful life
after death.

29. Three Elements of Religion
 Sacred and profane.
 Legitimation of norms
.
 Rituals.
 Religious community.

30. Economic
Institutions

31. Microeconomics
 Concerned with the specific economic units
of parts that makes an economic system and
the relationship between those parts.
 Emphasis is placed on understanding the
behavior of individual firms, industries,
households, and ways in which such entities
interact.
(Spencer, 1980; Javier,2002)

32. Macroeconomics
 Concerned with the economy as a whole, or
large segments of it.
 It focuses on such problems as the role of
unemployment, the changing level of prices,
the nation’s total output of goods and services,
and the ways in which government raises and
spends money.

33. GOVERNMENT as a
SOCIAL INSTITUTION

34. Government…
 Is the institution which solves conflicts that are
public in nature and involve more than a few
people.
 The SC defines government as the institution by
which an independent society makes and carries
out those rules of action which are necessary to
enable men to live in a social state, or which are
imposed upon the people for that society by those
who possess the power or authority of prescribing
them.

35. Three Branches of Government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

36. GROUP 2-Reporters:
 Mier, Flordeluna A.
 Villarin, Lotis P.
 Bastida,
Evangeline R.
 Saavedra, Jessa Mae
D.
 Del Socorro, Yasmen
U.
 Denampo, Belen
S.