Social development from birth to 8 years occurs in stages as children learn to interact with others and develop relationships. In the first month, social development focuses on attachment to caregivers. Between 3-6 months, babies begin to understand their bodies and respond to familiar faces. By 9-12 months, children recognize themselves and others and start to communicate intentionally. Toddlers explore independence between 1-2 years while beginning to adjust to other people. Preschoolers work on skills like sharing, taking turns, and understanding rules between 3-5 years. School-aged children form friendships, develop empathy, and distinguish gender roles from 5-8 years.

1. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
UPTO 8YEARS

2. WHAT IS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ?
 Social development refers to the process by which a child learns to interact with
others around them. As they develop and perceive their own individuality within
their community, they also gain skills to communicate with other people and
process their actions. Social development most often refers to how a child
develops friendships and other relationships, as well how a child handles conflict
with peers.

3. WHY IS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SO
IMPORTANT ?
 Develop language skills
 Build self esteem
 Strengthen learning skills
 Resolve conflict
 Establish positive attitude

4. ONE MONTH
 Makes eyes contact when alert.
 Quiets when picked up
 Regards faces and reacts to stimulation
 Begins to trust caregiver
 What to expect: Social development in the first month is all about attachment.
 How to help: Just being there for your baby -- changing him when he's wet,
feeding him when he's hungry, snuggling him, sharing some love -- goes a long
way toward boosting your bond. "Spending lots of time with your baby and being
responsive to her needs helps establish a sense of routine, security and
predictability.

5. THREE MONTHS
 Begins to understand that hands and feet are extensions of self.
 Stop crying when parents approach
 Responds with total body to face he recognizes
 What to expect: "By the age of 3 months, your child really shows enjoyment of
playful interaction and may cry if it stops,“
 How to help:The way you interact with your baby now enhances your bonding
and helps her to develop healthy, lifelong attachments.Your baby needs to see
your face and your expressions as well as [to] be held, touched, cradled, and
comforted to develop trust, which is a factor in healthy social development."

6. SIX MONTHS
 Shows fear of strangers and excitement to familiar people.
 Laughs when head covered with towel.
 Laugh out loud
 Holds out arms when wants to be picked up
 Sixth Month Baby Milestones: Motor Skills.Your baby may be starting to sit up
alone by six months.To get ready, babies first prop themselves up with their
hands, but over time they can start to let go and sit unsupported.Your 6-month-
old can probably roll from his back to his stomach and vice versa.

7. NINE MONTHS
 Recognizes mother and self in mirror
 Perceives mother as a separate person, father as a separate person probably
 Babies this age are busy discovering new ways to interact. "Somewhere around 8
or 9 months, children develop intentional communication,“
 What to expect: "They now recognize that they're no longer completely attached
to a parent," . "They see themselves as a separate person, and ... they start to
explore.“
 How to help: There are two major strategies that can make a difference in early
language development, "First, follow what the child is interested in.
And "Second, speak in very short utterances, one or two words.

8. 12 MONTHS
 Distinguishes from self and others
 Fear strange people and places
 What to expect: "Babies at 12 months continue to increase their shows of
affection, and these spontaneous hugs and kisses are pure joy for parents,"
 How to help: "Parents don't need to use fancy or sophisticated strategies to
foster social development,“. "Instead, the most important thing is to be
responsive to your child?This means smiling back when she smiles at you, and
laughing with him when he finds something funny? Making good eye contact is
important for parents, as eye contact is a foundation for more sophisticated social
behavior and emotion recognition as the child develops."

9. 13TO 18 MONTHS
 Feeds self with hands
 Enjoys being the center of attention
 Prefers certain people to others
 Begins to adjust to babysitter
 Likes to look at pictures
 Dislike sharing toys.
 Copies adult activities, such as driving a car, reading, or cooking.
 Enjoys familiar places.
 Hugs and kisses parents and other very familiar people and pets.

10. 24 MONTHS
 Enjoys playing near other children (parallel play). However, your toddler is probably not yet
able to play with other children (co-operative play.
 Likers to imitate parents
 Has trouble sharing. Says "no" and "mine." May hit, push, and grab to keep toys.
 Becomes aware of the difference between boys and girls.
 Moves back and forth between doing things independently and wanting help.
 Demands her own way much of the time.
 Wants routines.
 Connects feelings to language and pretend play. For example, your toddler may roar like an
angry lion.

11. 21/2YEARS
 Separates easily from parents
 Notices sex difference
 Independence in toileting except for wiping
 As two-year-olds, children really begin to play interactively with their peers.
Loving relationships give young children a sense of comfort, safety, confidence,
and encouragement.
 What you can do: Help your toddler understand their feelings , Encourage early
friendship , let your child take the lead in deciding what to play, Help your child
learn to resolve conflict in healthy, appropriate ways, Use language to describe
feelings and experiences, Explain your reasons for limits and requests, Look for
ways to make your home culture part of your child’s everyday routines.

12. 3 TO 4YEARS
 Less negative and more friendly
 Show a wide range of emotions, such as being sad, angry, happy, or bored
 Parallel play with other children
 Begins to understand taking turns and sharing
 Begins to learn meaning of simple rules
 Understands the idea of "mine" and "his/hers"
 Your busy preschooler continues to be on the move. At ages between 3 and 4,
your child should be able to:Walk up and down stairs, alternating feet -- one foot per step.
Kick, throw, and catch a ball.
 Your 3- 4 year-old is becoming more social.Your child may now be able to cooperate with
his or her friends, take turns, and may begin to show some problem-solving skills.

13. 5YEARS
 Plays with boys and girls
 Likes playing with adults or other children
 Has a good sense of humor, and enjoys sharing jokes and laughter with adults
 Seeks adult approval
 Can understand relationships among people and similarities and differences in other
families
 Understands and respects rules - often asks permission
 Likes to feel grown up
 Notices when another child is angry or sad
 Uses swear words or bathroom words to get attention
 Carries on conversations with other children and adults
 Strongly identifying with the parent of the same sex
 Enjoys riddles and jokes

14. 6YEARS
 Likes to have a best friend
 Developing a sense of right and wrong
 Likes small group play
 Knows right from left
 Friendships are unstable; can be unkind to peers
 Needs to win and may change rules to suit herself
 May be hurt by criticism, blame, or punishment
 Starts to show more interest in adults and peers outside of the family
 Will tell you what he or she is going to do
 Cleans his or her room, including making the bed

15. 7YEARS
 Commonly suffers more colds, sore throats, and other illness, because of exposure at
school
 Tend to talk a lot in situations where they are comfortable
 Desires to be perfect and is quite self-critical
 Takes direction well; needs punishment only rarely
 Avoids and withdraws from adults
 Is a better loser and less likely to place blame
 Becomes comfortable with own gender identity
 Child doesn't like being kissed in public, especially boys
 May help out with the housework, such as vacuuming or washing dishes

16. 8YEARS
 Learn to cooperate in group settings and group games; dislike playing alone
 Spend a lot of time talking with peers
 Develop lasting friendships and begin to handle peer pressure
 Enjoy group activities and group games that focus on a common interest
 Use problem-solving, negotiating and compromising skills with peers
 Become critical of their own performance and begin to evaluate themselves
 Can express subtle emotions and experience moments of anger or frustration
 May be quite sensitive and overly dramatic
 Can change emotions quickly
 Begin to develop their own point of view, which is sometimes different from parents’ ideas

17. ERIK ERIKSON’S EIGHT STAGES

18. THANKYOU FORYOUR KIND ATTENTION !!
PRESENTED BY:
KANTI CHOUDHARY