The parent-child relationship consists of a combination of behaviors, feelings, and expectations that are unique to a particular parent and a particular child. Parenting is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child, which has different styles of child rearing. There are four main types of parent-child relationships - secure, avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized. Factors like family structure, social support, relationship history, and temperament can influence the relationship. A healthy relationship is flexible, connected, has appropriate boundaries, open communication, and positive discipline. Parent-child bonds can be maintained through appreciating the child, casual conversation, and new experiences.

1. PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP

2. PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP

3. INTRODUCTION:
Parents are usually the first
people a child learns to trust. Parents
and families are the most important
people in children’s lives. The many
different relationships people form over
the course of the life span, the
relationship between parent and child is
among the most important.

4. Definition:
The parent-child relationship
consists of a combination of behaviors,
feelings, and expectations that are unique
to a particular parent and a particular
child. The relationship involves the full
extent of a child's development.

5. Types of Parent Child Relationship
There are mainly four categories of parent
child relationship.
 Secure relationships.
 Avoidant relationships.
 Ambivalent relationships.
 Disorganized relationships.

6. 1. Secure relationships: - This is the
strongest type of attachment. A child in
this category feels he can depend on his
parent or provider. He knows that person
will be there when he needs support.
2. Avoidant relationships: - This is one
category of attachment that is not secure.
Avoidant children have learned that
depending on parents won’t get them that
secure feeling they want, so child learn to
take care of themselves. Avoidant children
may seem too independent and usually
do not build strong relationships.

7. 3. Ambivalent relationships: -
Ambivalence is another way a child may
be insecurely attached to his parents.
Child notice what behavior got their
parents’ attention in the past and use it
over and over. Children are always
looking for that feeling of security.

8. 4. Disorganized relationships: -
Disorganized children don’t know what to
expect from their parents. Children with
relationships learns to predict how his parent
will react, whether it is positive or negative.
Child also learns that doing certain things will
make their parents do certain things.

9. PARENTING
Parenting- It is the process of promoting and
supporting the physical, emotional, social,
and intellectual development of a child from
infancy to adulthood.
Parenting styles- It means a psychological
construct representing standard strategies
that parents use in their child rearing.
Parenting has four main styles.

10. Parenting styles:-
1.
• Authoritarian
2.
• Authoritative
3.
• Permissive/Indulgent
4.
• Detached

11. 1. Authoritarian Parents: - The parent is
demanding but not
responsive.Authoritarian parents are
rigid in their rules; they expect absolute
obedience from the child without any
questioning. Authoritarian parents are
strict disciplinarians.
2. Authoritative: - Authoritative parents
show respect for the opinions of their
children. Authoritative parents are both
responsive and demanding; they are
firm, but they discipline with love and
affection, rather than power.

12. 3. Permissive/Indulgent: - Permissive
(indulgent) parents have little or no control
over the behavior of their children. Indulgent
parents are responsive but not especially
demanding. They have few expectations of
their children and impose little or inconsistent
discipline. There are empty threats of
punishment without setting limits. Role
reversal occurs.
4. Detached: - Detached parents are neither
responsive nor demanding. They may be
careless or unaware of the child's needs for
affection and discipline.

13. Characteristics of a Healthy
Parent-Child Relationship
Flexible/Adaptable
Connected
Appropriate boundaries
Open Communication
Discipline

14. 1.Flexible/Adaptable: - Good parents must
be flexible and adaptable. They have ability
to recognize and accommodate the child’s
need. Help the child by giving clear
directions, offering opportunities to choose
and negotiate.
2.Connected: - Parents should have ability
to differentiate the child’s worth from his or
her behavior, and create a reward-oriented
environment in which consequences are
positive outcome. Respond to a child’s
problems or feelings with acceptance,

15. 3. Appropriate boundaries: - The parent-
child relationship includes various
boundaries. Healthy boundaries consider
that what the parent and the child want in
a positive way to find a mutually
agreeable solution or limit.
4. Open Communication: - The way the
parent and child communicate sets the tone
for the relationship. The healthy parent-
child relationships use positive
communication that separates the child's
worth from behavior.

16. 5. Discipline: - For healthy parent child
relationship discipline also very important
aspect. To finding the solution of conflicts
and behavioral problem helps to
encourage the strong relation rather than
punishing children in an attempt to teach.

17. Factors Influencing Parent-Child
Relationship
 Family structure
 Social and community support
 Relationship History
 Emotional system
 Temperament
 Parenting Experiences
 Intellectual Capacity
 Education (formal and informal)
 Cultural context and experiences

18. Methods to Improve Child - Parent
Relationships
1. Play games with Child.
2. Casual conversation.
3. Bring the child to new places.
4. Rewarding

19. SUMMARY
The parent-child relationship consists of a
combination of behaviors, feelings, and expectations that
are unique to a particular parent and a particular child.
Whereas Parenting is the process of promoting and
supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual
development of a child which is having different styles child
rearing. There are many factors which influence the
relationship but parent child relationship can be maintained
by various ways as appreciating the child, taking him to
new places and casual conversation between parents and
children.

20. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Dorothy R. Marlow, Textbook of Pediatric
nursing, Saunders publisher, 6th edition, page
no. 31-39
Marilyn J Hockenberry, Essential of pediatric
nursing, Mosby publisher, 7th edition, page
no.29-48
http://www.extension.purdue.edu/providerparent/
Family-Child%20Relationships/DifferentTypesP-
C.htm
http://www.answers.com/topic/parent-child-
relationships#ixzz2A1arMTSO
http://ezinearticles.com/?Methods-to-Improve-
Child---Parent-Relationships&id=1703081
http://www.vindadravid.com/tag/parent-child-
relationship/

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