The document summarizes activities conducted as part of the Al-Bairaq project to explore smart sensors. The activities included: [1] evading a motion detector sensor, [2] exploring different sensor types, [3] making a microphone, [4] investigating the piezoelectric effect, and [5] measuring piezoelectric and pyroelectric responses. The document also describes a coin counter design project and a proposed product for parking protection using sensors. The conclusions note skills and knowledge gained about new sensor applications.

1. AL-BAIRAQ
I AM DISCOVERING MATERIALS
SMART SENSORS
SAEA
SUNED MUTALIGD EBRAHEEM ABDULKHALIG
ALI AHMED ABDULAZIZ NUMAN ELMARI

2. OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Activity 1: Evading Motion Detection
• Activity 2: Taking a Tour of Some Sensors
• Activity 3: Making a Microphone
• Activity 4: Exploring the Piezo Effect:
The inside story
• Activity 5: Measuring the Piezoelectric &
Pyroelectric Response
• Design Project Designing A Coin Counter
• Product Idea: Parking Protection from
Parasitism

3. INTRODUCTION
A SENSOR IS A DEVICE THAT DETECTS AND RESPONDS TO SOME
TYPE OF INPUT FROM THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT. THE
SPECIFIC INPUT COULD BE LIGHT, HEAT, MOTION, MOISTURE,
PRESSURE, OR ANY ONE OF A GREAT NUMBER OF OTHER
ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA. THE OUTPUT IS GENERALLY A
SIGNAL THAT IS CONVERTED TO HUMAN-READABLE DISPLAY AT
THE SENSOR LOCATION OR TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY
OVER A NETWORK FOR READING OR FURTHER PROCESSING.

4. ACTIVITY 1:
EVADING MOTION DETECTOR
Objective: Trying to evade a motion detector sensor
Procedures: We tried evading the motion sensor by:
1. Predicting it's range
2. Puttying different batteries
3. Using cardboard and plastic even cloth
4. We also tried to walk really slow

5. ACTIVITY )1(RESULTS
• RESULTS:
• RANGE REACH 5.5FEET
• RANGE AREA IN CONICAL SHAPE
• CONCLUSION:IT MAY SEEM IMPOSSIBLE BUT EVERYTHING
WORKED FINE AND THE SENSOR DIDO'S MAKE ANY SOUND
EXCEPT FOR THE FABRIC

6. ACTIVITY 2
TAKING A TOUR OF SOME
SENSORS
• PROCEDURE:
FOUR DEVICES WERE PLACED FRONT OF US
WE HAVE TO COMPARE BETWEEN THEM.

7. ACTIVITY (2) RESULTS
CONCLUSION : AFTER EXPLORING MANY SENSORS ,WE REALIZED THAT EACH SMART
SENSOR HAS A DIFFERENT STIMULUS AND DIFFERENT RESPONSE DEPENDING ON ITS
PURPOSE
senseor stimulus Response
Music card Opening the card Sound
Boot pressure Light
dog Sound
Touch
Sound
Light
Sound birds Sound and touch Sound
Move
We explored some types of smart sensor and concluded the
following :

8. ACTIVITY 3
MAKING A MICROPHONE
:
WE MADE A MICROPHONE TO KNOW HOW
THE PVDF WORK
WE USED FLEXIBLE PVDF AND RIGID PVDF
RESULTS
pvdf rigid Damage rigide flexible Damage
flexible
Flick more more Less Less
Scratch Less More More More
Blow Less Less More More
talk Less less more more
CONCLUSION : AFTER TESTING
THEM OUT , WE FOUND OUT THAT
THE FLEXIBLE PVDF IS MORE
SENSITIVE

9. ACTIVITY 4: EXPLORING THE
PIEZO EFFECT: THE INSIDE
STORY
PROCEDURE : RECOGONIZE THE STRUCTUREOF POLYMER MODEL OF
C2F2H2:
Part a : building
the pvdf monomer
: ' used the
molecular - kits to
build the
monomer c2f2h2 (
difluoroethylene )
which is the
building monomer
of the
Part b : building
the pvdf polymer :
then we build the
pvdf (
polyvinylidene
fluoride ) of the
repeating units of
c2f2h2
PIEZOELECTRIC
EFFECT : IS THE
ABILITY OF
CERATIN
MATERIALES TO
GENERATE AN
ELECTRIC CHARGE
IN RESPONSE TO
APPLIED
Part c : seeing the
structure at work :
When bending the
film we noticed
that bending one
direction produces
a positive voltage
and a bend in the
opposite direction
Produces a
nigative voltage
the faster the
bending the large
potential

10. & PYROELECTRIC RESPONSE
PROCEDURE : WE DRPED AN IRON BALL
ON THE PDVF AND WE GOT THE
VOLTAGE
• PART A : WE USED OF THE PVDF 5IN
PART B : WE USED THE HAIR
DRYER TO TEST THE PYRO
ELECTRICITY OF THE PVDF
mass v1DEFFERENT
SIZES OF
BALLS TO
TEST THE
Piezoelectricit
y
v2 v3 averege
small -0.042 0.007 0.017 0.022
medium 0.007 0.002 0.007 0.072
big 0.037 0.012 0.032 0.0286
hight v1 v2 v3 avere
ge
5in 0.037 0.012 0.037 0.028
6
10in 0.120 0.076 0.032 0.076

11. ACTIVITY 5: MEASURING THE
PIEZOELECTRIC & PYROELECTRIC
RESPONSE
CONCLUSION : THE BIGGER
BALL WAS THE BIGGER
VOLTAGE
voltage tempruter
-0.115 31
-0.164 46

12. Design Project: Coin Counter
The aim of this project is to apply what we have learnt during
the previous activities to construct an actual application.
Procedures:
• Drop three coins on the PVDF then make a table
for the mass and the voltage.
• We had one known mass of one of the coins
• After that we dropped the coins from the same
height for three times on the PVDF then we took
the average.
• From the equation below we calculated the mass.
𝒎 𝟏
𝒗 𝟏
=
𝒎 𝟐
𝒗 𝟐

13. Design Project: Coin Counter
Conclusion :
We learnt that we can make many useful application using the
piezoelectric effect.
Mass v1 v2 v3 Average
Mass1 (3.0g) 0.149 0.175 0.182 0.169
Mass2 (?.?g) 0.287 0.325 0.315 0.309
𝒎 𝟐 =
𝒗 𝟐 ∗ 𝒎 𝟏
𝒗 𝟏
=
𝟎. 𝟑𝟎𝟗 ∗ 𝟑. 𝟎
𝟎. 𝟏𝟔𝟗
= 𝟓. 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝒈

14. PARKING PROTECTION FROM
PARASITISM
PRODUCT IDEA
1. THE PRODUCT IS BASED ON A PHYSICAL IDEA THAT
CONVERTS PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY INTO ELECTRICITY
AND THEN INTO SOUND ENERGY AND HAS A CHEMICAL
BACKGROUND FOR THE PRESENCE OF A SUBSTANCE.
2. THE PROJECT IS IMPORTANT FOR THE COMMUNITY
BECAUSE IT PRESERVES RIGHTS, REGULATES PRIORITIES
AND AVOIDS WASTING TIME.
3. THE IDEA IS AVAILABLE, BUT WITH LIGHT SIGNALS AND
NOT AUDIO, AS IT IS IN THE RESEARCH, WHICH
PREVENTS THE VIOLATORS FROM ACHIEVING THEIR
GOAL AND ALERT THE RIGHT HOLDER TO THE
VIOLATION.

15. PARKING PROTECTION FROM
PARASITISM
PRODUCT STORY
• ALITOLD HIS COLLEAGUE EBRAHEEM A PROBLEM THAT
WORRIES HIS FATHER VERY MUCH, NAMELY, THE
INTRUSION OF SOME MOTORISTS ON THE POSITION OF HIS
OWN CAR AT HIS HOME OR AT THE WORKPLACE, AND IN
TURN NASSER PRESENTED THE PROBLEM TO THE RESEARCH
GROUP AND THEN DISCUSSED AND SUGGESTIONS IDEAS
WERE MADE TO REDUCE THE PHENOMENON.

16. PARKING PROTECTION FROM
PARASITISM
RECOMMENDATIONS
• THE PRODUCT MAY BE USED TO DETECT THE PASSAGE OF
PERSONS OR OBJECTS TO PROHIBITED PLACES SUCH AS
MILITARY AREAS AND HOMES AT NIGHT.
• USING A SMALL SENSITIVE CHIP TO BE SUITABLE FOR THE
PLACE TO BE USED.
• YOU MUST OBTAIN A LICENSE FROM THE TRAFFIC
AUTHORITY TO USE THE PRODUCT.
-

17. CONCLUSIONS
• WE HAVE ACQUIRED MANY SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE AND
TECHNICAL, AND WE GAIN INFORMATION ABOUT NEW
APPLICATIONS WE DID NOT KNOW BEFORE ABOUT
SENSORS.

18. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Thank you to everyone who have Supported us During
our Journey In Al-bairaq Project.
We would also like to Thank Al-bairaq Team And The
Sponsors Who Gave us The Opportunity To Participate
In Al-bairaq Project, Create And Innovate.